Urbanization Trends: China's Urban Transition and Global Factors, Quizzes of Introduction to Sociology

Download Urbanization Trends: China's Urban Transition and Global Factors and more Quizzes Introduction to Sociology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 By 2030 what percentage of the world will be living in urban areas? DEFINITION 1 60% TERM 2 In the 1990s Chinas rural population shrank while their urban population grew by how much? DEFINITION 2 52% TERM 3 What is urban transition? DEFINITION 3 society changing from rural/agricultural economy to urban/nonagricultural economy TERM 4 What stimulated urbanization? DEFINITION 4 Industrial Revolution TERM 5 What did advances in medical technology have to do with urban transition? DEFINITION 5 advances in medical technology brought the mortality and infant mortality rates down, which led to an increase in migration to rural areas TERM 6 What are the interconnected factors of the urban transition? DEFINITION 6 growth of cities depends on economy; economy depends on growth of cities TERM 7 Immigration plays a role in growth of cities but where are a lot of immigrants migrating to now? DEFINITION 7 suburban areas TERM 8 What prompted urbanization in the USA? DEFINITION 8 the discovery of new land TERM 9 What percentage of the world is living in urban areas today? DEFINITION 9 48-50% TERM 10 What is the Urban Revolution? DEFINITION 10 in the future, as technology keeps advancing, so will urbanization; the outsourcing of jobs will also prompt urbanization TERM 21 What is the 5th largest agglomerate and how many people does it have? DEFINITION 21 Mumbai with 20 million people TERM 22 In 2015 which country will be the number 1 agglomerate and which country will be number 2? DEFINITION 22 Tokyo will still be #1 but Mumbai will be #2 with 22-24 million people TERM 23 Why do LDCs go through urban transition? DEFINITION 23 industrial revolution, colonization, mechanized agriculture, economy TERM 24 What percentage of people lived in cities in LDCs in the 1950s? DEFINITION 24 25% TERM 25 What percentage of people live in cities in LDCs now? DEFINITION 25 50% TERM 26 How many people are added to the urban population every year in LDCs? DEFINITION 26 55 million people TERM 27 How does urbanization help villages in LDCs? DEFINITION 27 people are able to send money back home and therefore their standard of living increases TERM 28 What determines sex ratio in cities? DEFINITION 28 employment opportunities for women TERM 29 Why are more women migrating to cities now? DEFINITION 29 more employment opportunities TERM 30 What city has more women than men? DEFINITION 30 Washington DC TERM 31 How does death rate influence the population size in rural/urban areas? DEFINITION 31 as death rate becomes lower in urban areas as opposed to rural areas the urban population increases TERM 32 In developing nations why are rural migrants fertility lower than rural areas? DEFINITION 32 More rational thinking TERM 33 In developing nations why are rural migrants fertility higher than rural areas? DEFINITION 33 because they are in the process of changing--cultural lag TERM 34 In developing nations is rural migrants fertility higher or lower than in developed nations? DEFINITION 34 higher TERM 35 What is the modernization theory? DEFINITION 35 economic development prompts the growth of cities and the cities play a role in the economy--cumulative causation TERM 46 Because of hurricane katrina how many people in new orleans are homeless? DEFINITION 46 1 in 25 TERM 47 What is supposed to happen to the amount of people living in slums in the next 25-30 years? DEFINITION 47 The amount of people living in slums is projected to double to 2 billion (threat to global stability) TERM 48 What percent of the population in LDCs live in slums? DEFINITION 48 43% TERM 49 How many people live in slums in Asia? DEFINITION 49 550 million TERM 50 What percentage of people in Sub-Saharan Africa live in slums? DEFINITION 50 72% TERM 51 How many people live in slums in Latin America DEFINITION 51 128 million TERM 52 When did urbanization begin in the US? DEFINITION 52 1860-1920 TERM 53 What stimulated urbanization in the US during 1860-1920? DEFINITION 53 discovery of new land and immigrants served as specific features that stimulate urbanization. economic growth leads to urbanization TERM 54 In 2008 what percentage of the American population was living in cities? DEFINITION 54 79-80% TERM 55 In 2007 what cities had the highest growth? DEFINITION 55 New York, Los Angeles, Chicago TERM 56 Where are 7 out of 10 of the most populous cities located? DEFINITION 56 in the south or west TERM 57 What 3 states were the first to become urbanized? DEFINITION 57 Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, New York TERM 58 What is a metropolitan area? DEFINITION 58 when one more more large cities join together and are surrounded by the suburbs TERM 59 What are micropolitan areas? DEFINITION 59 areas that are too urban to be rural but too small to be metropolitan TERM 60 What are central cities? DEFINITION 60 consist of 2-3 million people mostly occupied by disadvantaged people who are ghetto dwellers TERM 71 What are exurbs? DEFINITION 71 suburbs of the suburbs; periphery of the urban zone that looks rural to the naked eye but houses people who are essentially urban TERM 72 what 2 groups are responsible for gentrification? DEFINITION 72 DINKS- (double income no kids) YUPPIES- (young urban professionals) TERM 73 What is the fastest growing metropolitan area? DEFINITION 73 Las Vegas TERM 74 What does urbanism mean? DEFINITION 74 the crowding of people into cities changes behavior--a concept often expressed with negative undertones TERM 75 When did America start to suburbanize? DEFINITION 75 1920s TERM 76 What are 2 factors that are related to suburbanization? DEFINITION 76 -peoples desire to live in the less-srowded environment of the outlying areas and their ability do to do TERM 77 Why is suburban growth slowing? DEFINITION 77 gentrification TERM 78 What is the fastest growing city? DEFINITION 78 Henderson, Nevada TERM 79 What is the fastest shrinking city? DEFINITION 79 St. Louis TERM 80 What is a slum? DEFINITION 80 a place that lacks one or more of the following: 1. access to potable water 2. access to piped sewerage 3. housing of adequate space 4. housing of adequate durability 5. security of tenure TERM 81 What is a reason people are poor? DEFINITION 81 population is growing more quickly than the local government can afford to build urban infrastructure high density of people in urban area TERM 82 What are the factors Farley and Frey (1994) of "American apartheid system" DEFINITION 82 1. mortgage lending policies discriminatory 2. african americans who sought housing in white areas faed with intimidation and violence similar to that occurring during WWI 3. After WWII suburbs developed strategies for keeping african americans out 4. federally sponsored public housing encouraged segregation in many cities TERM 83 What are the effects of employment opportunities moving to the suburbs on African Americans DEFINITION 83 african americans living in inner cities who may have inadequate access to transportation are finding it hard to find employment which has lead to a higher unemployment for African Americans and has suggested that the spatial isolation of poverty and especially of low income blacks portends future community instability and violence in america TERM 84 What is transactional revolution? DEFINITION 84 involves more efficient flows of information and capital, and the new division of labor associated with the free movement of capital to maximize accumulation leads to more urbanization fundamental changes in means of communication exchange of ideas exchange of technology interaction of countries within countries causes growth of global cities--recession global phenomena TERM 85 How does decreased mortality in rural areas affect urbanization DEFINITION 85 decreased mortality in rural areas along with increased economic opportunity in urban areas leads to urbanization because the rural area's economy cannot support that many people