Chem 1AL- Lab 2: Smells, Lab Reports of Chemistry

Download Chem 1AL- Lab 2: Smells and more Lab Reports Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity! Name Aw. Ne ava Report Sheet ae Partner(s) @ ef cole ' preteen Biseen, Cols, Rokus Part 1: Molecular Models 1, Sketch the plastic molecular models in the spaces below: cs water ammonia ethene el og pl ae th ] Write your ae about at = in sre and-stick models here. bls Ce ie Mie chic phdsec hs mba sitheeko wet he bk: shape 45  Part 2: Scents and Molecules ientist, would develop a model for 3. In the space below. brainstorm about how you, as a ee ‘llewine questions. What how the sense of smell works. As a starter, think about | how? experiments can we do? What variables should we control, ani iF ming | poe Jee pkg (ets ee ih aa, ea wevks wee (As e idee CUTE JN ie ese eutt ts J. pats it at nee we ssi ee geld geal eee the) eyldoud tr tgh inhemm pee pe a! ti Ve £../ ae eee eats. has el cds « vige Ka f.. alesL eee Foe dea ote an HL ices iy tenance Ciel Sea aa oe eee a ipala t Son OTE ce hgs See gee be i fe th ee 4. Smell vials B, C, D, E, and F and fill in Table 1. Be sure to tightly cap the vials after each person has smelled the mixture. Consider generating a wo! rd bank in your group to help you describe the smells of your vials. Table 1. Student descriptions of the smells of vials B-F. Smells (group) Smells (class) ae) eee sy Peeper | seeale Serer Cc D E ii 10. Your GSI will write the structures of the . two scent mol those structures in t 5 olecules D and L on the board. Draw he appropriate boxes below. Compare the struct ved io the molecular models of these compoun structures you have drawn ds. Compound D Stl “Compound L, Chemical Formula ; Gy Mic 0 Name: eth gl baby rade Scent : froal ai eiuvavel r, Chemical Formula : Ce Ui 0, Name: eee ay fl qae oh Claes Scent : acts PRC Pe Bee. Structure Structure 11. In your own words, define the term “structural isomers.” tibiae iwcks ave i tomers ace eel SU ee a estes accent tL eee] PPR es eaten ct Mine ] j ~f Tees have aoa ee ee ter de Hed an Ts el ee ee LiCl ate een bed a 1 Vig ew cal eee waperbics, i 12. Based on the tnhonoation you — doce ed, revise ee model (Model 2). mellare cdteerte by deter (7 ok ca te gee cami ule ak rs cohen Fe. ee am S : ae ia fie ee a ec chi, ul Ce ake ae i s from vials R and 13. Using your new model, predict the smells of the following hid oe to determine the S. Note that these are structural isomers of each other. Also, chemical formula from the structure. Compound § Compound R Chemical Formula: | ( 2 H, 0, Chemical Formula: | C, Wh, 0, Name : butanoic acid Name: methyl propanoate Scent (Prediction): |<... 4 Scent (Prediction): |... ¢{ Scent (Experimental): iy oe J Scent (Experimental): I hi a4 ca “o° ne JL CH Structure Structure Did this compound's smeJ| match Did this compound's smell match your prediction? Yes or your prediction? Yes o 14. Your GSI will now show you the structures of all of the molecules you have smelled during this lab. What patterns do you notice? . Pele ee hea heros ahekae. gaa, fees cal timid ical re fol esal Vt Fee aah ef it Pat A ad tly Ti ts: jt k ti Fhe ie _ We Ate r BNE ale ay aly bali ds J Plt be te es ir | f  =) : m Formula * |Tve Bin 0 Formats (CoH Na] || rormuia [Co He 0, Name? || -carvene Name : stay Name : ae scent: fib sens Jee ok | || ames | feed aleehe voily J 0. Ny ees hy ~ Structure Structure Structure Fence! | blued Functional , Funetional |. | Group Grp Group. |S 822% ee Compound F ‘Compound L, em, Chi Formula | [Ca 40, Formata * [City O poruta * [Co Hee On Name: [2 SUA" Name: || - men thone Names| vewey?? seem: | {,.; ly Sent: | wink y Scent : vet en/ I ; 3 oY ~ oO o 0 Structure Structure. Structure Functional [| Funetional [| Functional , Greap. | SE Ete Group Lae Group {| ° Compound R Compound $ Chem , Chem , Formula * |C, qe Formula * [Coy O% name: ("TANG Name: [76 H** Scent : ta tety Scent: ween oA 0 0 3 ye Na 0 Structure Structure roscoe! | Ty Dae dae 15. In t own eae define the ner of functional groups. ee ; ea ar | Poti sie ue emt cents oe agen ects ats tL ante ee st Cube di | 51  data. Consider two new sed on new As you've seen, models are continually tested and refined ba: molecules by following the instructions below. ee : ‘ fit Library where cluding the Moffit Library Use any campus computer (there are several centers on eres or your PC and point your web you can also obtain help if this is your first time using 2a . browser to the Modular Chem Smells Database web page al: you use, some browsers : computer hitp://chemconnections.org/Smells/. Note: Depending on what comp’ work better than others for this database. * ae ae A e present. In the pictures of the molecules the colors indicate which atoms are Pp! white = hydrogen blue = nitrogen red = oxygen grey = carbon purple = iodine yellow = chlorine tick model The pictures show a space filled model, which gives a feel for the electron cloud, and as m which just shows how things are connected. Find a new example of a molecule from categories you developed in lab (like “minty!” or “rotten”). Make sure this molecule is not one that you investigated in the Smells lab. Be sure to check the structural formula and name as some compounds may have several different names. For this compound, address the following questions. 21. Give the chemical name, formula, and odor. Usenngl pepriscste Coty. fly] pees rr’ 22. Where is the chemical found (for example: ethanol is found in wine, etc.)? \ wipe r wapplel Lcd a4 re 23. Draw the Lewis structure of the molecule including all lone pairs of electrons, a * ” : Mico 4 vt + a ae ) / ae OG org ee —0-¢-¢-C ~¢-s 1 tog Tg 2 24. Does the chemical fit your model of smells? Ifso, state why, If not, explain why not and suggest a modification to your class’ model that includes this compound as well. In other words, what might Model 4 be? Il Pred fe ea dj De ah ge ee Com peed ek ee Oe ele poeere ea ie < Ths Gal Pe Get 0 5 vives Lhe rail rae os well, This ee eet thee seed, ve phtenel mice fea Os oe Pepe tact LT ff. 54 In this experi: ‘ vos an iG you learned about the idea of functional groups. Functional groups have many ‘aidet alae 2 aie predict if a molecule is going to biodegrade or persist in the environment conditions (pH, water, oxygen, temperature, microorganisms). Below are some general rules! for understanding how the structure of ill bi i ¢ of 7 (oxygen present) conditions. ee Functional groups that decrease biodegradation (increase persistence) Structure Halogens (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine) Branching carbon chains (carbon atoms with multiple carbons attached especially four carbons) Ethers Functional groups that increase biodegradation Esters, amides (the bonds in these functional groups can . : be broken by enzymes) nto® wk ye Oxygen atoms (hydroxyls, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, OH 9 9 9 ketones) Re eo esos note Linear carbon-carbon chains (especially with more than three carbons) hh Phenyl rings Co Galaxolide is a synthetic musk used in perfumes and other personal care products. Galaxolide survives treatment at wastewater plants which means that it ends up in many different water sources including the Great Lakes It also has been found in fish tissues in the US and Germany and even in detectable levels in humans.’ 25. Circle the functional groups (using a solid line) in Galaxolide that would increase persistence. 26. Circle the functional groups (using a dashed line) in Galaxolide that would increase biodegradability. cae " Boethling, R.S., Sommer, E., and DiFiore, D, Chem, Reviews, 2007, Vol 107, No. 6, 2207-2227 2 patwin AK. Corsi SR, DeCicco LA, Lenaker PL. Lutz MA, Sullivan DJ and Richards KD, (2016) Organic contaminants in Great Lakes tnbutaries. Prevalence and potential aquatic toxicity. Science of the Total Frvironmen 554-555, 42-52. 2016 * Hluter H. etal (2009) Synthetic musks in blood of healthy young adults Relationship to cosmetics use. Science of the Total Environment. Vol 47, pp: 4821-4825. 2009. 55  i i in aerobic conditi 27. Based on the structure, would you expect the Galaxolide to ronal iso 1 Use the ree groups present in Galaxolide to support yo d ra d. in tet Cio Agia eee creel roid mend. bas ‘ fh 4 eet edad! etic ree Spe le digas oie ty | a : i <h Ca [ee be deel, 28. Why does persistence matter? Just because a molecule is persistent, it doesn’t necessarily mean it will be toxic to humans or the environment, Can you think of applications of chemicals in which persistence would be an issue? Pro P [= 7 Pe pera a aetna ae Oe akc aly oh dif) ak dager ee flee ete Nbage te Bey test £3 Fred. ! ere ‘ ea hee ee cA L9 ohows he wa et ee hee ot rr im oceans duller kd LAE eee ale a a Pt ychi ee fesk. ihe Hhrigh Nad vial aeiall oe 56  TITLE | cue ais PROVECTS oe ete ie DATES Continued trom Page CHEMICAL MmMoveLs: Pa Aid i aa Le teva live prety baad! a vheeeead lees ae tstanhshs . hoe Vil te er de beet iis Continued to Page  ULE : PROJECT | Continued from Page q ee Lmolevle, | mM det. | 5 | | 10) edb bhelok (cua) 15 eb hahal Coda) | euler Ue fl asks 20) Loald 25 Smells Cqreve) Ss alle Celaes) minty, Fresh, gmelle A 4°" Ftcas beathpes e mint, cell, (ike gels Taleb el ee sant! 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