Christianity | PHL 104 - World Religions, Quizzes of World Religions

Download Christianity | PHL 104 - World Religions and more Quizzes World Religions in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Augustinian DEFINITION 1 refers to views of St. Augustine, for example, his view of the separation of church and state, in which the state is answerable to the church in religious matters while the church is answerable to the state in secular matters yet both exist to promote the spread of the Gospel. TERM 2 Catholic DEFINITION 2 those churches that define their Christian authenticity through apostolic succession. TERM 3 Christ DEFINITION 3 from Greek translation of the Hebrew word meaning messiah or anointed one, the title Christians apply to Jesus of Nazareth. TERM 4 Constantinian/Constantinianism DEFINITION 4 view of the unity of church and state attributed to the first Christian Roman Emperor, Constantine, in which the state exists to rule over and protect the church as the official religion of the empire. TERM 5 deism DEFINITION 5 enlightenment view that God created the world the way a watchmaker creates a clock and leaves it to run on its own without interference. TERM 6 evangelical DEFINITION 6 refers to pietistic Christian movements that arose in response to the Enlightenment and also dogmatic divisions within Protestantism; emphasizes the unifying power of conversion as an emotional transformation rather than a rational/dogmatic one. TERM 7 fundamentalist DEFINITION 7 term first emerged to refer to evangelical Protestants who believed that certain fundamental truths of the Gospel were threatened by modern interpreters; in general, fundamentalist movements in all religions see modernity as corrupting the fundamental truths and practices as they were expressed in the pre-modern stage of their respective traditions. TERM 8 Gospel DEFINITION 8 literally, "good news"; usually refers to the four Gospels of the New Testament, which retell the words and deeds of Jesus of Nazareth; can also refer to other, similar ancient writings not included in the Christian scriptures. TERM 9 grace DEFINITION 9 expresses the idea of unmerited divine love and assistance given to humans. TERM 10 heresy DEFINITION 10 comes from the Greek term that means "choice"; came to be used as a negative term for choosing to believe doctrines viewed as erroneous by those who considered themselves to be "more orthodox". TERM 21 Second Coming DEFINITION 21 belief that Jesus, who died on the cross, arose from the dead, and ascended into heaven, will return at the end of time to raise the dead and establish a new heaven and a new earth. TERM 22 Son of God DEFINITION 22 title applied to Jesus of Nazareth. TERM 23 syncretistic DEFINITION 23 the identification of the gods of one religion with the gods of another so that one's own gods are seen as the same as those of the other's religion but under different names. TERM 24 Trinity DEFINITION 24 God as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit; meant to suggest that the transcendent God can be immanent in the world without losing his transcendence - when God acts in the world (as Son or Spirit), God does not cease to be father and Creator of the universe; therefore God is not many gods but one God in three persons. TERM 25 two natures, one person DEFINITION 25 doctrine affirmed by Council of Chalcedon (451 CE); in the one person of Jesus are two natures (divine and human) said to coexist in unity but without confusion or mixture, so Jesus is fully human in everything except sin, and yet the fullness of God is also present in him and united to him.