Civil War: Antietam, Gettysburg Battles, Amendments, Slave Narratives - Prof. Stephen Berr, Study notes of World History

Download Civil War: Antietam, Gettysburg Battles, Amendments, Slave Narratives - Prof. Stephen Berr and more Study notes World History in PDF only on Docsity! Possible Identifications 1. Antietam a. Who/What>> i. Bloodiest One Day Battle of the Civil War ii. Named by the North after a local creek iii. Robert E. Lee fighting for the CSA, Eastern Theatre, and the Army of Northern VA iv. McClellan Fighting for the US Union, and the Army of the Potamic b. When>> i. September 17, 1862 c. Where>> i. Sharpsburg, Maryland d. Context>> i. The battle followed a Confederate victory in Virginia: the South won a battle-- Second Bull Run (Second Manassas) in 1862—had the momentum, and pushed forward with an invasion of the North. ii. The South is seeking for their independence to be legally/diplomatically recognized by Britain and France. iii. Prove to Britain and France they are alright iv. South is hoping for another Saratoga e. Significance>> i. 4,300 Killed 18,000 wounded>> 2,000 of the 18,000 die later ii. Pretty much a draw iii. North Claims victory and Lee retreats iv. Lincoln gives the Emancipation Proclamation v. EP declared Freedom of all slaves who did not return to the union by Jan 1, 1863 vi. EP named 10 specific stats where it would apply. vii. This made it a war against slavery viii. However, The EP left out the Border States; Lincoln did not want to mess with them ix. The EP proposed freedom to slaves in the states they didn’t control and did nothing to the ones they did control x. McClellan didn’t follow Lee so he is discharged f. McClellan later runs for president in 1864 for the North Democrats 2. Gettysburg a. When>> i. July 1-3 1863 b. Where>> i. Adams County, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania c. Who/What>> i. Largest Battle in US History ii. Robert E. Lee fighting for the CSA iii. George G. Meade fighting for the Union d. Context>> 1 | P a g e Possible Identifications i. The battle followed a Confederate victory in Virginia: the South won a battle-- Chancellorsville in 1863—had the momentum, and pushed forward with an invasion of the North. ii. South invades north again to hurt union efforts iii. Lee had a victory in Chancellorsville in May and is heading north iv. By heading north Lee is trying to relieve Virginia from the constant fighting and possibly threaten Washington DC and again wanting Europe to recognize them. v. Hooker has just been replaced with Meade e. Significance>> i. More than 50,000 Total killed, wounded, and missing ii. Lee never again attempts to invade the North iii. The defeat cripples Lee’s Army iv. Vicksburg fell 1 day later v. Gettysburg Address>> Lincoln states that the War will let the world know if democracy can exist for a long period of time and that the Union is fighting a war for Freedom and Human equality. vi. The Confederates lost complete political and military control. vii. European support of the Confederacy was withdrawn without delay. 3. 13 th , 14 th and 15 th Amendments a. When i. 1865, 1868, 1869 b. What i. Civil War Amendments ii. 13th Abolishes Slavery iii. 14th Upholds citizenship and protection under Federal Law If you are born in the US you are a citizen. iv. 15th Guaranteed voting rights no matter what race, color, or previous condition c. Context i. Gag Rule- Pro-slavery forces had prevented any discussion of slavery in Congress, so anti-slavery forces, starting in about 1831, had submitted petitions for the abolition of slavery, believing that since there was a right to petition the government as guaranteed in the First Amendment of the Constitution, such petitions, and thus slavery itself, would have to be discussed. The pro-slavery forces responded with a series of gag rules that automatically "tabled" all such petitions, preventing them from being read or discussed. ii. Presidential 1. Johnson is addicted to pardoning, because he liked how they came to him begging for forgiveness. 2. He allows the south to pass the Black Codes a. This means slaves have become surfs 3. He allows southern generals and officers to take political positions iii. Military 1. The south is divided into 5 military districts and must accept the 13th iv. Congressional reconstruction policies 1. The Congress is Divided a. Thaddeus Stevens wants to give slaves land b. Charles Sumner wants to give blacks a vote i. Forged the 14th amendment 2 | P a g e