Class 10th notes English, Lecture notes of English

Download Class 10th notes English and more Lecture notes English in PDF only on Docsity! Page 1 of 15 General Instructions: 1. 15-minute prior reading time allotted for Q-paper reading. 2. The Question Paper contains THREE sections-READING, GRAMMAR & WRITING and LITERATURE. 3. Attempt questions based on specific instructions for each part. SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER (2022-23) ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE (Code No. 184) CLASS-X Time allowed: 3 Hrs. Maximum Marks: 80 Section A: READING SKILLS 20 Marks I Read the passage given below. 10 1 Mountains have always been held in great awe by mankind. They have been a challenge to humans. Those brave among us have always wanted to conquer them. You see, the more incredible the mountains, the greater the thrill – a challenge to the bravery of the human race. Climbing mountains is an experience that is hard to put into words. You are in a beautiful environment and, when you reach the top, you feel incredible. But you also have to climb down, which is when most accidents happen – people are tired, it gets dark, it’s harder. So, mountain climbing is undoubtedly one of the most popular adventure sports along with being challenging and risky for the climber. 2 Without any perceived risk, there can’t be a feeling that any significant challenge has been surmounted. Fair, but we have to bear in mind that mountaineering is not a sport that can be embraced without preparation. The enthusiasts must develop in themselves the spirit of adventure, willingness to undertake hardships and risks, extraordinary powers of perseverance, endurance, and keenness of purpose before climbing a mountain. They should also know how to handle the mountaineering equipment. Then comes the penance of the rigorous training. This could very well be the lifeline up there. It helps inculcate and hone survival instincts that allow the climber to negotiate perilous situations. There are numerous institutes in India and abroad that offer such training. 3 Mountain climbers are unanimous in agreeing that the unpredictable weather is what they fear the most. There may be sunshine one moment and a snowstorm the other. At higher altitudes, snow is a regular feature and being decisive about setting up camps or proceeding further is crucial. The icy sheets after ice storms make walking treacherous, while the powdery snow makes a mountaineer sink deep into the snow. Up there, where the intention is to embrace Nature’s wonder, one realises that it cannot be done without facing its formidable glory. A true mountaineer may challenge the mountain, yet is always respectful to the powerful forces of nature. 4 Summiting mountains carries its own health risks such as oxygen and altitude sickness problems, frost bites, swelling of hands and feet, fluid collection in brain or lungs and exhaustion. Yet, the gratification mountaineers feel from mastering something that is so frightening, urges them to undertake these endeavours. We may think that the mountaineers are fearless, experts say, “Not Page 2 of 15 at all. It’s fear that keeps them so intrigued with such arduous journeys.” Impulse and brazenness can be deadly foes. In the words of the Indian mountaineer, Bachendri Pal, “The biggest risk ... is to not to take the risk at all. Remember that.” (444 words) Adapted— https://evirtualguru.com/essay-on-mountaineering https://fairgaze.com/fgnews/mountaineering-origin-and-its-benefits_71549.html https://www.aplustopper.com/essay-on-mountain-climbing/ Based on your understanding of the passage, answer the questions given below. 1x10 I Why does the writer say that mountains inspire ‘awe’ in humans? (Paragraph 1) A. They present us with opportunities for exciting sports. B. They evoke the wish in us, to master them. C. They inspire in us, deeds of valour. D. They represent peace and calm, to us. 1 ii Select the option that corresponds to the following relation below: The more incredible the mountains—the greater the thrill (Paragraph 1) A. The higher the stamina—the lower the food intake B. The more you laugh—the lesser your illness C. The smaller the car—the bigger the advantage D. The heavier the luggage—the higher the penalty 1 iii Select the option that displays what the writer projects, with reference to the following: So, mountain climbing is undoubtedly one of the most popular adventure sports (Paragraph 1) A. doubt B. caution C. conviction D. denial 1 iv Complete the following with a phrase from paragraph 1. 1 V The writer compares training to penance in the line --Then comes the penance of the rigorous training. (Paragraph 2) State 1 point of similarity between training and penance. 1 Opinion Reason Best experienced rather than described Page 5 of 15 v Select the chart that appropriately represents the trend of foreign tourist travels in the North-East, from 2011-2014, as per paragraph 2. A. Option 1 B. Option 2 C. Option 3 D. Option 4 For the Visually Impaired Candidates Describe the trend of foreign tourist travels in the North-East, from 2011-2014 in ONE word, as per paragraph 2. 1 vi Fill in the blank by selecting the correct option. The study of tourist travel statistics in the North-East, from 2005 to 2014 showed results. A. expected B. encouraging C. inconsistent D. questionable 1 vii Substitute the word ‘witnessed’ with ONE WORD similar in meaning, in the following, sentence from paragraph 2: Foreign tourist arrivals in the North-East witnessed a growth of... 1 viii List any 2 examples of ‘tourist facilities’ as referred to, in Paragraph 3. 1 ix List one reason why the researchers recommend that the formulation of a tourism strategy in the North-Eastern States of India be sustainable. 1 x Select the option that titles paragraphs 1-3 appropriately, with reference to information in the text. (A) (B) (C) (D) 1 Page 6 of 15 III SECTION B –GRAMMAR Attempt ANY TEN of the following questions. 10 i Fill in the blank by choosing the correct option to complete an online update. The climate control comment by an activist on social media yesterday. A. blow up B. blew up C. is blown D. will be blown 1 ii Read the conversation between a doctor and his patient. Complete the sentence by reporting the patient’s reply correctly. Doctor: Do you feel down from time-to-time Mr. Gopalan? Patient: Yes, I do not stay in a good mood. The doctor, while trying to figure out his patient’s ailment, asked about his well-being, to which, the patient affirmed . 1 iii Select the correct option to fill in the blank for the given line, from a health magazine. The advertisement read, ‘If you smoke, statistically your story end 15% before it should’. A. must B. should C. will D. ought to 1 iv Select the option that identifies the error and supplies the correction for the following line, from a news report: Last week a child was not allowed to board the plane at Ranchi airport. 1 v Complete the given narrative, by filling in the blank with the correct option: As I was standing on the dock, looking out at the lake for the last time, a feeling of emptiness over me like darkness. 1 Option no. error correction A. child children B. last previous C. the a D. at in Page 7 of 15 A. will wash B. had washed C. will have washed D. washed vi Fill in the blank by using the correct form of the word in the bracket, for the given portion of a letter: Subject: Request for Approval Dear Sir This is to respectfully submit that I (seek) approval for organising a tree plantation drive to be undertaken by the club. 1 vii Report the dialogue between a grandson and his grandfather, by completing the sentence: Grandson: Grandpa, who are your superheroes? Grandpa: Anyone who shows kindness and compassion to others. In response to the question about his superheroes, grandfather says that . 1 viii Identify the error in the given sentence, from a school magazine report and supply the correction. In order to balancing the sentiments of the Eagles and the Hawks, the Student Council suggested a rematch between the teams. Use the given format for your response. 1 ix Sunil shared some information, with Tariq, about a holiday at sea. Report Tariq’s question. Did you enjoy travelling by sea? 1 x Fill in the blank by choosing the correct option, to complete the slogan by the Ministry for Child Welfare. WE AFFORD TO NEGLECT CHILDREN? THINK TWICE!! A. WILL B. MAY C. NEED D. CAN 1 error correction Page 10 of 15 SECTION C - LITERATURE 40 V Reference to the Context 10 1 Attempt ANY ONE of two extracts given. 5 1.A “Hey, a tea garden!” Rajvir cried excitedly. Pranjol, who had been born and brought up on a plantation, didn’t share Rajvir’s excitement. “Oh, this is tea country now,” he said. “Assam has the largest concentration of plantations in the world. You will see enough gardens to last you a lifetime!” “I have been reading as much as I could about tea,” Rajvir said. “No one really knows who discovered tea but there are many legends.” (Glimpses of India) i. Why was Pranjol not as excited as Rajvir about the tea gardens? A. He disliked looking at tea gardens. B. He had worked in tea gardens himself. C. He had grown up in and around tea gardens. D. He was bored with tea gardens. 1 ii. What does Pranjol mean by saying that Assam has the largest concentration of plantations in the world? 1 iii. Fill in the blank with ONE WORD only. Pranjol’s comes through clearly when he exclaims, “You will see enough gardens to last you a lifetime!” 1 iv. How according to Rajvir does the world know about the discovery of tea? A. Historical places B. Traditional tales C. Authentic anecdotes D. Popular publications 1 v. Select the option that correctly captures the application of the word ‘cried’ as used in line 1 of the extract. A. Jaspreet cried a lot in spite of winning second place in a competition. B. Jaspreet cried out loud when she saw a white tiger in the sanctuary. C. Jaspreet cried for hours when the police were unable to find her lost pet. D. Jaspreet has barely cried since she was three years of age. 1 OR 1.B OMEGA: It shall be done, Sir. Remove vitamins. (Crew takes vitamins from boxes on their belts.) Present vitamins. Page 11 of 15 (They hold vitamins out in front of them, stiffly.) Swallow vitamins. (They pop the vitamins into their mouths and gulp simultaneously. They open their eyes wide, their heads shake, and they put their hands to their foreheads.) THINK-TANK: Excellent. Now, decipher that code. ALL: It shall be done, Sir. (They frown over the book, turning pages.) OMEGA: (brightly) Aha! IOTA: (brightly) Oho! OOP: (bursting into laughter) Ha, ha, ha. THINK-TANK: What does it say? Tell me this instant. Transcribe, Omega. (The Book that Saved the Earth) i. Select the option that correctly captures the usage of the word ‘present’ from line 1 of the extract. A. Oops received a nice present from Think Tank. B. Iota needs to present his opinion firmly. C. Omega must focus on the present and leave the past behind. D. Oops didn’t know anyone even though a crowd was present. 1 ii. Complete the analogy by selecting the suitable word from the text frown: smile:: gloomily: 1 iii. Select the option that displays the reason why all crew members were asked to have vitamins. In order to - A. boost their physical energies. B. adapt to their circumstances. C. quickly turn all the pages. D. accomplish a specific task. 1 iv. According to the extract, what did THINK-TANK most likely want OMEGA to do when he said ‘Transcribe…’? 1. read aloud 2. translate 3. make notes 4. interpret 5. record reactions Select the correct option. A. 1 & 3 B. 2 & 4 C. Only 3 D. 1, 4 and 5 1 Page 12 of 15 v. The playwright places certain words and sentences in brackets in the given extract. List any ways these benefit both the director and actors. i) ii) 1 2 Attempt ANY ONE of two extracts given. 5 2.A The trees inside are moving out into the forest, the forest that was empty all these days where no bird could sit no insect hide no sun bury its feet in shadow the forest that was empty all these nights will be full of trees by morning. (The Trees) i. Complete the sentence appropriately. It is clear that Personification is the poetic device used for ‘No sun bury its feet….’ because . (Clue: explain how personification applies here) 1 ii. The poet has used a poetic device in the given lines. What effect does she wish to create by its use? …no bird could sit no insect hide no sun… A. emphasis B. comparison C. rhyme D. humour 1 iii. State whether the following statement is TRUE or FALSE: The extract uses trees as a symbol for conservative people. 1 iv. Select the appropriate option to complete the sentence, according to the extract. The idea of a forest that has been ‘empty all these days’ is . A. unnatural B. scary C. magical D. legendary 1