CM3 PRELIMS to FINALS Reviewer, Study notes of Construction management

Download CM3 PRELIMS to FINALS Reviewer and more Study notes Construction management in PDF only on Docsity! PROCESS GROUP - A logical grouping of project management processes to achieve specific project objectives. KNOWLEDGE AREA - An identified area of project management defined by its knowledge requirements PROJECT RISK MANAGEMENT - Includes the processes of conducting risk management planning, identification, analysis, response planning, response implementation, and monitoring risk on a project. HEALTH - The protection of the bodies and minds of people from illness resulting from the materials, processes or procedures used in the workplace. SAFETY - The protection of people from physical injury. WELFARE - The provision of facilities to maintain the health and well-being of individuals at the workplace. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH - Is concerned with those illnesses or physical and mental disorders that are either caused or triggered by workplace activities. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION - Arrangements to cover those activities in the workplace which affect the environment ACCIDENT - Defined as any unplanned event that results in injury or ill health of people, or damage or loss to property, plant, materials or the environment or a loss of a business opportunity. NEAR MISS - Is any incident that could have resulted in an accident. DANGEROUS OCCURRENCE - Is a ‘near miss’ which could have led to serious injury or loss of life. HAZARD - Is the potential of a substance, activity or process to cause harm. RISK - A risk is the likelihood of a substance, activity or process to cause harm. TWO SUB-DIVISIONS OF THE LAW THAT APPLY TO HEALTH AND SAFETY ISSUES:  CRIMINAL LAW - Consists of rules of behavior laid down by the government or the state.  CIVIL LAW - Concerns disputes between individuals or individuals and companies. EUROPEAN SIX PACK:  Management of Health and Safety at Work  Workplace  Provision and Use of Work Equipment  Manual Handling  Personal Protective Equipment  Display Screen Equipment. HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK ACT OF 1974 - aim to help employers to set goals, but leave them free to decide how to control hazards and risks which they identify. National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health (NEBOSH) - leading global organization, which provides health, safety and environmental (TIMELINE: 1979, 1980, 2009, 2020) CONTIBUTIONS:  Minimize workplace injuries and illness  Boost employee well-being.  Demonstrate your commitment to health and safety, which can win business L2: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS OBJECTIVE: to protect every working man against the dangers of injury, sickness or death through safe and healthful working conditions. EMPLOYER - Includes any person acting directly or indirectly in the interest of an employer, in relation to an employee EMPLOYEE - Shall mean any person hired, permitted or suffered to work by an employer. INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE - any workplace, permanent or temporary where permanently or temporarily one or more persons are employed in any manufacturing of goods or products processing DRY DOCK - include premises where work is performed on shore or on-board ships HEALTH - Shall connote a sound state of the body and mind of the worker, which enables him to perform his job normally, in a state of well-being. SAFE OR SAFETY - Refer to the physical or environmental conditions of work or employment WORK ACCIDENT - An unplanned or unexpected occurrence that may or may not result in personal injury, property damage. WORK INJURY - any injury or occupational illness suffered by a person, which arises out of or in the course of his employment. OCCUPATIONAL ILLNESS - any illness caused by environmental factors, the exposure to which is characterized or peculiar to a particular process, trade or occupation RECOGNIZED HAZARDS - Are those which do not require technical or testing devices to detect. WORKPLACE - Means the office, premises or worksite, where the workers are habitually employed ENFORCEMENT OFFICER - The industrial safety engineer, the labor regulation officer, or any duly authorized representatives of the Secretary to enforce this Standards. AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE - include chartered cities, municipalities, employees or officials of other government agencies empowered by the Secretary of Labor and Employment to enforce the provisions of this Standards.  D.O.L.E. ( Department of Labor and Employment) -Every establishment or place of employment shall be inspected at least once a year to determine compliance with the provisions of this Standards. APPLICATIONS:  Application to Other Places of Employment  Application to Transportation  Application to Mines  Application to Chartered Cities and Municipalities DUTIES EMPLOYER:  Furnish his workers a place of employment free from hazardous conditions  Give complete job safety instructions to all his workers  Comply with the requirements of this Standards.  Use only approved devices and equipment in his workplace. EMPLOYEE: 20 deg. or more than 45 deg. Where the pitch is less than 20 deg ramp = more than 45 deg HEIGHT No stairway shall have a height of more than 3.60 meters between landings HEADROOM shall not be less than 2.00 meters TREADS AND RISERS TREADS – not be less than 250 mm RISERS - hall not be more than 200 mm RAILINGS 4 or more risers = RAILING Stairways less than 1.2 m = 1 handrail on right side Stairways more than 1.12 = 1 railing HEIGHT - not be more than 900 mm. or less than 800 mm WOOD - 50 mm. x 50 mm METAL PIPE – 25.4mm – 67.5mm diameter Brackets – not more than 2.00 m apart (40 mm clearance) Shall be capable of withstanding a load of at least 100 kgs Service stairs width – 560mm Pitch – 60 deg Riser limit - 1 in 10 LADDERS  shall be made of steel, wrought iron, malleable cast iron  The perpendicular distance from the centerline of the rungs 75deg = 900mm 90 deg = 750mm  Distance from the back of the rungs = 150mm  Equipped with cages clearance = 200mm  Landing for each 6 meters  shall be staggered FLOOR AND WALL OPENINGS LADDERWAY OPENING - shall be guarded on all exposed sides, except at the entrance to the opening, by permanent railings and toe boards. STAIRWAY OPENINGS  Stairway floor opening shall be guarded on all exposed sides by permanent railings and toe boards  For infrequently used stairways where traffic across the openings prevents the use of permanent railings, the guards shall consist of flush-hinged covers of adequate strength equipped with railings  Hatchway shall be guarded by=Removable railings; Flush-hinged covers CONSTRUCTION OF RAILINGS WOOD RAILING TOP RAILS STOCK AND INTERMEDIAT 5cm x 10cm 5cm x 5cm or 2cm x 5cm PIPE RAILING 30mm DIAMETER STRUCTURAL METAL TOP AND POST = 38mm x 38mm x 5mm INTERMEDIATE=32 x 32 x 3 WINDOW OPENINGS = 900 mm YARDS SURFACE  Plant yards shall be properly drained and graded  Properly covered or enclosed drain pools and catch basins  Holes shall be provided with adequate covers  Roads shall be carefully laid out in a manner to avoid dangerous grade crossings WALKWAYS  shall be constructed along the shortest line  hall not be located under the slippery eaves of buildings  Railings shall be installed for hazardous area ROADWAYS  Width shall be at least twice the width of the widest vehicle normally used plus 1.25 m  shall be soundly constructed with good wearing surfaces  Adequate railings or walls shall be provided along bridges, slopes and sharp curves GATES  shall be located at a safe distance from those for vehicular and railroad traffic PARKING OF VEHICLES  Regulations covering the use of driveways for entry and exit, speed limits, space allotments and methods of parking shall be provided L5 DEMOLITION -The dismantling, razing, destroying or wrecking of any building or structure or any part thereof REASONS:  Increase in Property Value  Faulty Foundation  Old Building  Building is Made-up of Hazardous Materials GUIDELINES  Demolition operations of building or other structure over six (6) meters high shall be under supervision  No person shall enter a demolition area to within a distance equal to 1 1/2 times the height of the structure being demolished DEMOLITION WORKS GUIDELINES 1. Danger signs shall be posted around; doors should be kept barricaded 2. Demolition work shall not commence until: a. All necessary steps have been taken to prevent injury b. All existing gas, electrical and other services likely to endanger a worker shall have been shut off or disconnected 3. Prior to demolition all glass shall be removed 4. Shoring or other necessary measures shall be taken to prevent the accidental collapse 5. Demolition shall proceed systematically, storey by storey, in a descending order 6. All precautions shall be taken to avoid damage from collapse of a building 7. No building or any part of the structure shall be overloaded with debris 8. Adequate precautions shall be taken to avoid danger from any sudden twisting, springing collapse of any steel or ironwork cut or released. 9. No workers shall stand on top of wall, pier or chimney more than six (6) meters (18 ft.) high unless safe flooring or adequate scaffolding or staging is provided on all sides of the wall, three (3) meters (9 ft.) away from where he is working 10. A truss, girder, or other structural member shall not be disconnected until it has been:  Relieved of all loads other than its own weight.  Provided with temporary supports. 11. Stairs and stair railings, passageways and ladders shall be demolished last 12. When demolition is suspended or discontinued all access to the remaining part of the building shall be fenced or barricaded MECHANICAL DEMOLITION GUIDELINES  Shall be Barricaded for a minimum distance of 1 1/2 times the height of the structure.  Arranged and maintained EXPLOSIVES SUPERVISION GUIDELINES  A competent person shall be appointed in charge  The names responsible shall be posted in the field office  No person inexperienced shall handle explosives  A record of explosives shall be maintained BLASTING GUIDELINES  Only the quantity of dynamite required for immediate use in blasting of a part of a building other structure shall be removed from the magazine  No holes shall be drilled: o Within 3.30 m. of a hole containing explosives or blasting agents. o Within 6.60 m. of a hole being loaded with explosives or blasting agents.  Every firing circuit shall be broken n in a suitable manner  When a charge is fired, steps shall be taken  The applicable provisions of Rule 1140 shall also apply to the use, handling, and storage of in construction industry. TRESTLE SCAFFOLDS  shall not be used if the working platform is more than 5 m  10.00 m. or over in height = shall be approved by authority  No trestle scaffold shall be erected on suspended scaffold OUTRIGGER SCAFFOLDS  Its platform within 8 cm. from the wall  Shall have outrigger secured against horizontal and vertical movements BAMBOO SCAFFOLDS  may be used for painting or light construction work  shall be sufficient to carry at least four (4) times the imposed load  Only one worker shall be allowed in any one span  The maximum span between posts shall be 266 cm.  When height or fall is over 6.60 m = safety belt  over a height of 10.00 m = shall be designed by a structural engineer  Max height = 20.00 m CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT PROTECTION OF CRANE DRIVER  Sufficient area  Closely planked, plated  Provided with safe means of access and egress  more than 2.16 meters high = guard rails and toe boards  shall be provided with a cabin which shall:  Afford protection from the weather and falling objects  ready access to operating parts of the lifting appliancs L7 SHEATING - The vertical member of shoring and timbering which directly resists pressure from side of an excavation. WALE - The longitudinal member of shoring and timbering which directly resists pressure from sheating. STRUT - The transverse member of shoring and timbering which directly resists pressure from sheating or wales. SCAFFOLD - A temporary structure of timber or metal work with a platform used in the construction. STANDARD or UPRIGHT - The vertical member of scaffold transmitting the load to the ground or to a base plate. LEDGER or STRINGER - A scaffold bracing, which extends horizontally from standard to standard forming right angles with the putlogs and forms a tie between the standards. PUTLOGS - A scaffold member spanning between a ledger and a building wall or between two ledgers upon which the platform rests BRACE - A scaffold member that holds standards or uprights in a fixed position to prevent any lateral movement. SINGLE SCAFFOLD - A platform supported by a single row of uprights or standards tied along the wall, connected horizontally by a ledger and supporting putlogs which rests on ledger on one side and in holes left in walls on the other DOUBLE SCAFFOLD - A platform supported on two rows of uprights or standards parallel to the wall of a building connected by horizontal ledgers and is independent from the building wall. SUSPENDED SCAFFOLD - A scaffold suspended by means of ropes or chains capable of being lowered or raised by winch, pulley, block or such other means. TRESTLE SCAFFOLD - scaffolds in which the supports for the platform are step ladders, tripods or similar movable contrivances. HOIST - A lifting machine with a carriage, platform or cage which moves on guides. LIFTING APPLIANCE - A crab, winch, pulley block or gin wheel used for raising or lowering a hoist crane, sheer legs excavators, draglines, pile driver, or pile excavators. LIFTING GEAR - A chain sling, rope sling, ring, link, hook, shackle, swivel or eyebolt. MOBILE CRANE - A crane capable of traveling under its own power. PLANT or EQUIPMENT - Any plant equipment gear, machinery, apparatus or appliances, or any part thereof. GENERAL PROVISIONS ELECTRICAL - To prevent danger to the workers or operating equipment from any live electric cable or equipment MACHINE GUARDING - All moving parts of machinery used shall be guarded in accordance with the requirements of Rule 1200. FIRE PROTECTION - Fire Protection equipment shall be, provided in accordance with the requirements of Rule 1940 FIRE PROTECTION – Permanent stand pipe installed in a construction site shall: a. installed progressively as the construction work proceeds. with a valve at every hose outlet. i. at least 4 cm. (1 1/2 in.) in diameter equipped with a combination straight stream and fog nozzle least 4 cm. (1 1/2 in.) in diameter iii. Length of the hose is not more than 26 m. have a connection of the size used by the local fire department i. located on the street side not more than 1 m. (3 ft.) and not less than 0.33 m (1 ft.) above the ground level. to which there must be a clear access at all times iii. Protected from mechanical damage. LIGHTING OF WORK AREAS - Every work-area shall be lighted with the minimum requirements. LIFTING OF WEIGHTS: Male = 60 kgs over Female 26 kgs PIPELINES - Repair work on any section of a pipeline under pressure shall not be undertaken until the pipeline is released of the pressure or the section under repair is blocked off the line pressure PROTECTION OF THE PUBLIC - walkway shall be constructed over the sidewalk for use by pedestrians in a building construction work less than 2.3 m. (7 ft.) from a sidewalk or public road. PROTECTION FROM FALLING MATERIALS:  Provision of safety helmets and safety shoes  Tools, objects and materials (including waste materials) shall not be thrown or tipped from a height, but shall be properly lowered by crane, hoist or chutes. PROTRUDING NAILS AND LOOSE MATERIALS:  Material or lumber with protruding nails shall be allowed to remain in any place  Loose materials shall not be placed or left PROTECTION AGAINST COLLAPSE OF STRUCTURE:  All temporary structure shall be properly supported by the use of guys, stays, and other fixings necessary for stability during construction.  Used of adequate shoring. SAFE MEANS OF ACCESS - Safe means of access and egress shall be provided STORAGE OF MATERIALS:  Building materials and equipment shall not be placed or stored on a permanent or temporary structure exceeding its safe load carrying capacity.  Lumber structural steel and similar building materials shall be properly stored and secured against collapsing or tipping.  Pipes and reinforcing steels shall be stacked in racks or frames supported to prevent movement.  Gangways and platforms shall not be used as storage for materials and tools.