Communication And Human Relations-Human Relation-Lecture Notes, Study notes of Human Resource Management

Download Communication And Human Relations-Human Relation-Lecture Notes and more Study notes Human Resource Management in PDF only on Docsity!  Lesson 12 COMMUNICATION AND HUMAN RELATIONS Communication Communication is a critical tool for holding people together in families and in organizations. Most job and family disputes are the result of communication problems. Process of communication There are three technical steps for any communication to occur: (1) Encoding (putting ideas into symbols) The source initiates a message by encoding the idea (or a thought) in words or symbols send to the receiver. (2) Communication media The channel in the communication process is the medium that the sender uses to transmit the message to the receiver. Although the message could be in either an oral or written form, the oral medium most likely will be more effective because of the immediacy, if required. (3) Decoding (understanding the message) It is the act of understanding message (words or symbols).When the sound waves are translated into ideas; we are taking them out of the ode they are in, hence decoding. Thus reader or listeners are often regarded as decoders.  If decoding is successful, it leads to action.  Noise, or unwanted interference, can occur at any step in the communication process.  Difference between noise and voice  Nonverbal communication is used primarily to convey the feeling behind a message.  A substantial amount of communication on and off the job is nonverbal. Factors of communication A. Environment or Setting The setting of the message often communicates something about the sender, such as seriousness of purpose. B. Distance from the Other Person The physical distance the sender places between himself or herself and the receiver may communicate a message, such as the degree of liking or warmth. C.Posture Receivers generally note the sender’s posture even without realizing it Good posture sends out positive messages. Offing is less Intimate and inviting than standing. D.Hand Gestures Hand gestures are universally recognized as conveying specific information to others. An example is that open-palm gestures toward the other person typically convey positive attitudes. E.Facial Expression and Eye Contact The most reliable nonverbal signals are emitted by the head, face, and eyes, as is well known; maintaining eye contact with another person improves communication with him or her. A person’s current state of happiness is often reflected in his or her face. F.Voice Quality How things are said exerts a heavy influence on how the message is received, As a consequence, voice training is important A forceful voice, which includes a consistent tone without vocalized pauses, connotes power and control. Gesturing can be used to improve a monotonous voice quality because it leads to a more forceful exhale. docsity.com G. Personal Appearance Among the many reasons that personal appearance is important is that people pay more respect and grant more privileges to people they perceive as being well dressed and attractive. The meaning of being well dressed depends heavily on the situation. Being perceived favorable, and as physically attractive. H. Lying as Revealed by Nonverbal Communication A person’s nonverbal behavior is often used to gauge whether he or she is telling the truth. Highly practiced liars are less revealing. Key facial clues of lying included a crocked smile, failure to look you in the e forced eye contact, and frequent nose rubbing. Interpersonal communication and IT Advances in information technology had both positive and negative impacts on interpersonal communicative- E-mail and tele-comrnunication are two key domains for changes in communication created by information technology. A. E-Mail and Communication among People  E-mail has replaced many telephone and In-person exchanges. E-mail is likely to expand and include photographs, audio, video, and chunks of voice mail.  Instant Messaging (I. M.) is a fast-growing variety of e-mail. Instead of picking up messages at times you choose, you are exposed to them whenever at the computer.  E-mail encourages indiscriminate sanding of messages, including spamming, or flooding someone with unwanted messages.  Other problems include using e-mail fur political purposes, managers avoiding contact with group members, and using e-mail to reprimand others impersonally.  A recent study with 2,500 workers suggests that e-mail is being used wisely and is under control. B. Telecommuting A telecommuting is an employee who works at home full-time, and send out put or part-lime, and sends output electronically to a central office. Nearly eight percent of the workforce telecommutes. Telecommuters miss out on the face-to-face interactions so vital for dealing with complex problems. Limited face-time can also limit promote-ability. Another communications problem with telecommuting is that it lacks a solid human connection. Barriers to communication: Communication rarely proceeds as effectively as we would like. Barriers are most likely to occur when a message is complex, emotionally arousing, or clashes with the receiver’s mental set. If you are aware of barriers, you will be better able to overcome them. A. Limited Understanding of People Communication will often break down if you misread people and their needs. Limited understanding can also take the form of making false assumptions about the receiver, thus creating a communication roadblock.  Different Interpretation of Words If the receiver makes another interpretation of a key word than intended, the message may not get through. B. Creditability of the Sender and Mixed Signals The more the sender of the message, the greater the probability that the message will get through clearly. A disconnect can also occur from mixed signals—sending different messages about the same topic to different audiences. A mixed signal also refers to sending one message to a person about desired behavior, yet behaving in another way yourself. C. One-Way Communication Effective communication proceeds back and forth. Face-to-face communication helps to clarify meanings. Instant messaging helps overcome the one-way barrier because the receiver reacts immediately to your message. docsity.com