Community Health Nursing questions and answers 2024 exam, Exams of Nursing

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Community Health Nursing questions and answers 2024 exam Who does the multidisciplinary team consist of? - community health nurse, business leaders, social workers, political and religious leaders Who is the essential member of the multidisciplinary community health team? - consumer / potential consumer of program services Who is eligible for medicare? - 1) 65 years old or older 2) Under 65 years receiving disability benefits for 25 consecutive months 3) Any age with diagnosis of permanent kidney failure Where does one apply for medicare? - local social security office Medicare is considered (noncontributory/contributory). - contributory (since one contributes money from his pocket Medicare is administered by the __________ - Social Security Administration Under which part of Medicare do participants not pay a monthly premium? - part A Community Health Nursing questions and answers 2024 exam Which part of Medicare? 1) Hospital insurance 2) Benefits: inpatient hospital care, post hospital skilled nursing home, home health, hospice, some prescription medications 3) Does not cover eyeglasses or hearing aids - part A Which part of Medicare? 1) Voluntary supplemental medical insurance 2) Must pay a monthly premium (optional plan under Medicare). $115.40 per month in 2011 3) Some benefits: physician services, outpatient, some durable medical equipment, immunizations (flu, pneumo, hep), lab tests - part B Which part of Medicare? 1) Medicare Advantage plans like HMOs and PPOs 2) Most include Medicare prescription drug coverage 3) Pay a monthly premium for health and prescription drug coverage - part C Community Health Nursing questions and answers 2024 exam Term used to describe strongly held personal and professional beliefs about worth and importance. Ideals and concepts that give meaning to an individual's life. - values T/F - Values often stay the same as we age - false - values usually change as we grow older Term used to describe the specific obligations of healthcare providers that exist because of the practices and goals of the profession - principlism (EX: autonomy, justice, beneficence, nonmaleficence) Term used to describe the obligation to be fair to all - justice Term used to describe the action of showing something to be right or reasonable - justification Term used to describe an outbreak/occurrence that exceeds normal expectancy (i.e. one case) - epidemic (EX: eradicated in 1980, one case of smallpox is an epidemic) Community Health Nursing questions and answers 2024 exam Term used to describe worldwide occurrence - affecting many populations - pandemic (EX: flu 1918-1919, SARS 2003, H1N1 2009) Term used to describe the constant presence of a disease within a population or geographic location - endemic (EX: geographically endemic: polio, malaria, and west nile) Pertusis is considered a worldwide _____________. - endemic Term used to describe the resistance to the spread of a contagious disease within a population that results if a sufficiently high proportion of individuals are immune to the disease (especially through vaccination) - herd immunity Term used to describe an organism's ability to produce severe disease - virulence Term used to describe the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism - toxicity Term used to describe an organism's ability to produce specific immunity within the host - antigenicity Community Health Nursing questions and answers 2024 exam Antigenicity was more commonly used in the past to refer to what is now known as ____________. - immunogenicity Term used to describe an organism's ability to destroy body cells - invasiveness What are the 10 golden rules for safe food preparation, according to WHO? - 1) choose foods processed for safety 2) cook food thoroughly 3) eat cooked foods immediately 4) store cooked foods carefully 5) reheat cooked foods thoroughly 6) avoid contact between raw foods and cooked foods 7) wash hands repeatedly 8) keep all kitchen surfaces meticulously clean 9) protect food from insects, rodents, and other animals 10) use safe water Community Health Nursing questions and answers 2024 exam What conditions can West Nile Virus cause? - febrile illness, encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), or meningitis (inflammation of the meninges) Community and public health nurses should educate the public about how to prevent west nile virus infection. What are some educational points? - 1) FDA approved repellants 2) long pants and long sleeves (weather permitting) 3) mosquito netting over infant carriers 4) stay inside during peak mosquito biting times (dawn, dusk, and early evening) 5) install/repair window screens Which level of prevention? hand washing, tetanus booster, MMR vaccination - primary (prevents disease from occurring) Which level of prevention? Mantoux testing, PE follow-up - secondary (prevents spread of disease once it occurs / early detection and recognition Community Health Nursing questions and answers 2024 exam Which level of prevention? antibiotic rx, direct-observed therapy (DOT) - tertiary (reduces complications and disability through rehabilitation and treatment) What does DOT stand for? What is it? - directly observed treatment (TB control strategy recommended by WHO) What 3 elements form the epidemiological triangle? - 1) infectious agent 2) host 3) environment Changes in any of the three elements in the epidemiological triangle can result in __________ _________. - disease transmission Term used to describe the idea that one is answerable to oneself and others for own actions. - accountability Term used to describe the clinician's accumulated experience, education and clinical skills - clinical expertise Community Health Nursing questions and answers 2024 exam How would you test the strength of a program development? - The program's ability to be replicated within a different community (program replication) What concept must always be considered when planning changes in health beliefs, knowledge, behavior, or social conditions - sustainability (ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level) 5 major strategies upon which prevention and control of STDs are based: - 1) EDUCATION and counseling of persons at risk on ways to avoid STDs through changes in sexual behaviors and use of recommended prevention services 2) IDENTIFICATION of asymptomatically infected persons and of symptomatic persons unlikely to seek diagnostic and treatment services 3) effective DIAGNOSIS, treatment, and counseling of infected persons 4) EVALUATION, treatment and counseling of sex partners of persons who are infected with an STD 5) pre-exposure VACCINATION of persons at risk for vaccine-preventable STDs Community Health Nursing questions and answers 2024 exam The ___________ period is the period between exposure and infection (no clinical signs or symptoms) - latent The ___________ period is the interval between invasion by an infectious agent and the first appearance of signs and symptoms of disease - incubation What might the following findings be suggestive of? 1) rapid increase (hours to days) in number of previously health persons with similar symptoms seeking medical treatment 2) Cluster of previously healthy persons who live, work, or recreate in common geographical area 3) unusual clinical presentation - bioterrorist attack Name some characteristics of category A biological warfare agents: - 1) high priority 2) organisms that pose risk to national security 3) can be mass produced 4) easily disseminated / transmitted from person to person Community Health Nursing questions and answers 2024 exam 5) cause high mortality rates 6) require special action for public health preparedness 7) cause panic / social disruption Examples of category A agents: - anthrax, botulism, plague, smallpox, tularemia, viral hemorrhagic fevers A specialty practice of nursing having registered nurses contribute to the health and wholeness of people in the context of a faith community - faith-based nursing The _________ nurse is part of the ministry staff of the congregation and serves the illness needs of the individual people, families and the entire faith community - parish The view that everyone is entitled to equal rights and equal treatment in society - egalitarianism The view that the right to property is the most important right. People who subscribe to this view see a limited role for government, namely the protection of Community Health Nursing questions and answers 2024 exam property rights of individual citizens through providing police and fire protection - libertarianism One who values liberty and equality. Attempt to address the inequalities that result from birth, natural endowments, and historic circumstances - liberal democrat After receiving the flu vaccine, your immune system produces _________ that will protect you from the vaccine viruses - antibodies 4 environmental competencies for nurses: - 1) basic knowledge 2) environmental health assessment and referral 3) advocacy, ethics and risk communication 4) legislation and regulation