Understanding Prejudice, Discrimination, and Inequality in Community Relations - Prof. Den, Study notes of Criminal Justice

Download Understanding Prejudice, Discrimination, and Inequality in Community Relations - Prof. Den and more Study notes Criminal Justice in PDF only on Docsity! Review for final exam- Community Relations and Minority Problems #1. Criteria: physical characteristics. Negroid, Mongoloid, Caucasoid #2. Discrimination (action) v Prejudice (thought) #3. Prejudice attitudes derived from group norms #4. Attribute of prejudice is to apply labels #5. Verbal symbols of tolerance and understanding are largely ineffective if daily life reinforces habits of discrimination. #6. Culture and Character- conditioned prejudice have their roots [Culture: (sociological) learned/ acquired in normal process of social interaction. Character: (psychological) firmly imbedded in the personality makeup, roots in childhood] #7. Approx. 3x more blacks than whites live in substandard housing. #8. Economic discrimination involves unequal treatment in the economic sphere of members of certain minorities. (4 types of discrimination NOT 5: economic, educational, political, social) #9. Great majority of the black community fully realize that the major beneficiary of the community-police dissension is the criminal element of the black community, which is protected by the community and ignored by the police. #10. Race v Ethnicity: Race- hereditary features. Ethnic- social and cultural ties (not “pure” race) #11. Race and race differences are valuable concepts for the analysis of similarities and differences in human group behavior. #12. Race- biological, sociological: For all practical social purposes, “race” is not so much a biological phenomenon as a social myth. #13. Races are inferior only in the sense that they are defined as inferior by the ethnocentric values of people such as white supremacists. #14. Plessy v. Furgeson: “separate but equal rights” facilities may have been separate, but were far from equal. #15. Dred Scott = slave ≠ citizen, therefore he couldn’t sue in court #16. Brown v Board of Education: made segregation illegal/ unconstitutional. Still have de facto segregation in schools. Must go to school zoned for so poor go to poor schools and etc. #17. Crime rates always higher in poor neighborhoods, whatever their ethnic composition #18. Vast majority of inner city schools are involved in de facto segregation, principally as the result of residential segregation, combined with widespread employment of the neighborhood- school policy. #19. In re Gault: “delinquent youngster” (same rights apply to juvenile as adult in criminal/ delinquent cases) #20. Baake v State of California: reverse discrimination, indicated that race or ethnic background alone could not be used for setting a quota for admission to college. (met min. standards, wasn’t just race) #21. In most instances the decision to start prosecution is a matter of police judgment. #22. The word government suggests the concept of enforcement. The very nature of the process of governing implies a capability of enforcing rules for those who are governed. #23. Individuals relationship to society is one of dependence. #24. Recent history indicated that not all differences can be settled by the courts, and that such unsettled differences are usually classified as social problems. #25. Prejudice is so widespread #26. Character- conditioned prejudice can be unlearned (False) Character- conditioned prejudice is imbedded in the personality, whereas, Culture- conditioned prejudice can be unlearned. #27. Historically the targets of prejudice have been determined by the particular configuration of conflicting values and opposing groups largely because of the cultural and social situation of the time and place. #28. Separate but equal schools have been separate but were far from equal. De facto segregation, school zones, geographic location, go to school you live closest to- in that zone “residential zoning” #29. To lessen prejudice with any degree of effectiveness, then either we must change the basic values or attitudes of the entire groups, or we must somehow transfer the prejudiced person’s allegiance to another group (or “reference group”) #30. For all practical social purposes, “race” is not so much a biological phenomenon as a social myth #31. Economic competition is: social economics determined by $, if equal opportunities = equal outcomes, start at same level, if given equal opportunities- can reach same goals regardless of race. Success is viewed as having $, power, and materialism