Crash Course #9 European History, Assignments of History

Download Crash Course #9 European History and more Assignments History in PDF only on Docsity! CRASH COURSE 9 Counter Reformation-The Counter-Reformation, also called the Catholic Reformation or the Catholic Revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence that was initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation. It began with the Council of Trent and largely ended with the conclusion of the European wars of religion in 1648 Council of Trent-The Council of Trent, held between 1545 and 1563 in Trent, was the 19th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church. Prompted by the Protestant Reformation, it has been described as the embodiment of the Counter-Reformation. Jesuits-a member of the Society of Jesus, a Roman Catholic order of priests founded by St. Ignatius Loyola, St. Francis Xavier, and others in 1534, to do missionary work. The order was zealous in opposing the Reformation. Despite periodic persecution it has retained an important influence in Catholic thought and education. Ignatius of Loyola-Ignatius of Loyola, venerated as Saint Ignatius of Loyola, was a Spanish Basque Catholic priest and theologian, who together with Peter Faber and Francis Xavier founded the religious order called the Society of Jesus and became its first Superior General at Paris in 1541 Papal Index of Forbidden books-The Index Librorum Prohibitorum ("List of Prohibited Books") was a list of publications deemed heretical or contrary to morality by the Sacred Congregation of the Index (a former Dicastery of the Roman Curia), and Catholics were forbidden to read them without permission. Saint teresa of avila-Teresa of Ávila, born Teresa Sánchez de Cepeda y Ahumada, also called Saint Teresa of Jesus, was a Spanish noblewoman who felt called to convent life in the Catholic Church Baroque art- The Baroque is a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1740s. Gian lorenzo bernini-Gian Lorenzo Bernini was an Italian sculptor and architect. While a major figure in the world of architecture, he was more prominently the leading sculptor of his age, credited with creating the Baroque style of sculpture. Artemisia gentileschi-Artemisia Lomi or Artemisia Gentileschi was an Italian Baroque painter. Artemisia is considered among the most accomplished seventeenth-century artists, initially working in the style of Caravaggio. She was producing professional work by the age of fifteen. 1. The main issue was the indulgences the Catholic church was selling. I believe this is something they can reform but I don’t think they can change the church completely. 2. Capitalism 3. Pope Paul III 4. The church didn’t want to see themselves/the church lose more money 5. Inquisition 6. Affirmed the principles of transubstantiation- that the blood/wine of the communion was actually the blood/body of Jesus. It was part of the 7 sacraments. 7. 1. Forbid the sale of indulgences, 2. Approve translations of the bible 8. Jesuits, organized and lead his group/army around hierarchy command 9. Stop the protestant reformation from spreading 10. Over a hundred thousand 11. Commercial, agriculture 12. Saint Teresa of Avila, discarnate