Download CIA's Influence on Politics in Third World: Iran & Guatemala Case Study and more Quizzes United States History in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 The Cold War in the Third World DEFINITION 1 "Third world" = all countries that are not U.S. allies or Soviet allies Iran Guatemala Cuba TERM 2 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) DEFINITION 2 Predecessor: Office of Strategic Services (OSS) (founded in 1942, during WWII) Americans are distrustful that the government would use such an organization to spy on its own citizens, and so it is dismantled in 1945 1947 - CIA is established after relations with Soviet Union have deteriorated and Cold War begins CIA includes information gathering, spies, and can overthrow governments played a significant part in the Cold War TERM 3 Iran DEFINITION 3 (1953) Mohammad Mossadeq is the leader of Parliament; favors leftist policies and attempts to end Iranian dependence on Western countries Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC) a significant part of Iran's economy,is 50% owned by the British. Mossadeq tries to "nationalize" it, or give Iran complete control. British convince the U.S. that Iran is communist & will become a Soviet ally TERM 4 CIA in Iran DEFINITION 4 British convince the U.S. that Iran is communist & will become a Soviet ally CIA is authorized to overthrow Iran's government, create protests and general chaos in the country Mossadeq (the democratically elected official) is imprisoned and CIA give power to the former Shah, who establishes a right-wing dictatorship Successful overthrow of Iran's government (without U.S. casualties) encourages this type of action by the U.S. through the CIA TERM 5 Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi DEFINITION 5 Former Shah of Iran to whom rule of the country is given after the CIA imprisons Mossadeq due to pressures from the U.S., passes laws to empower women However, forms a dictatorship complete with state punishment of dissenters TERM 6 Guatemala DEFINITION 6 (1954) Jacobo Arbenz,President, wants solve social problems and economic over-dependence on U.S. Most of Guatemalan economy is owned by United Fruit Company, a U.S. monopoly Arbenz proposes land reform, take land from UFC and give it to poor with no land Arbenz offers to pay for the land, but only the small amount indicated by UFC tax returns UFC accuse Arbenz of communism TERM 7 Guatemala and CIA DEFINITION 7 UFC go to U.S. government to accuse Arbenz of communism CIA train and arm Arbenz's opposers in Nicaragua In Guatemala, U.S. send radio messages accusing Arbenz of communism, perform selective bombing and a naval blockade to frighten the public Guatemalan military turn against Arbenz Carlos Castillo Armas, a CIA agent, is appointed right-wing dictator (with similar suppression of dissenters) TERM 8 Lessons drawn by the US and left-wing revolutionaries and anti-colonialists DEFINITION 8 U.S. learn that it is easy to overthrow other governments for their own gains third world countries learn to arm themselves, because the U.S. will be after them if they do anything it doesn't like TERM 9 Mutually assured destruction DEFINITION 9 (M.A.D.) a theory of nuclear countries during the cold war that... if you embark on a nuclear attack against another, armed country, you in turn will be destroyed theoretically, this should be a deterrent for any country against committing a nuclear attack on another country TERM 10 Previous history of US intervention in Cuban affairs DEFINITION 10 1898 Spanish-American War Teller Amendment (1898) Platt Amendment (1901) FDRs Good Neighbor Policy Cuba is under American control until late 50's US companies own most of the land, mineral resources, and utilities
