DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Ques, Exams of Nursing

Download DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Ques and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Pulmonary artery - Correct Answer ✅One of two arteries that carry venous (oxygen poor) blood from heart to lungs What type of intubation is preferred with emesis with aspiration? - Correct Answer ✅ETT. LMA or combitube acceptable. What emergency would a cricothyrotomy typically be performed? - Correct Answer ✅Airway obstruction Atropine would be given in which emergency? - Correct Answer ✅Symptomatic bradycardia Adenosine would be given in which emergency? - Correct Answer ✅SVT Amiodarone would be given in which emergency? - Correct Answer ✅V. Tach What medications can be given for a sever case of hyperventilation? - Correct Answer ✅Versed, Valium, or Propofol DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) PVC's are treated with which medicine? - Correct Answer ✅Lidocaine Epi is given in which two emergencies? - Correct Answer ✅V. Fib and asystole Max dose of epi for cardiovascular disease pt - Correct Answer ✅.04mg A beta blocker would be given in which emergency? - Correct Answer ✅Hypertension A fluid bolus of NS and ephedrine can be given with what emergency? - Correct Answer ✅Hypotension What medications are used to treat malignant hypothermia? - Correct Answer ✅Dantrolene, IV cold saline (not Ringer's) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Main function of kidneys - Correct Answer ✅Maintain volume and composition of body fluids. Body's main source of filtration and excrete metabolic end products and toxins. Islets of langerhans - Correct Answer ✅Located in pancreas. Secrete insulin and glucagon. Insulin helps the body store sugar to keep glucose levels in a steady state. Adrenal glands - Correct Answer ✅Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine. Controls electrolyte balance and carb metabolism. Thyroid - Correct Answer ✅Regulates body's basal metabolic rate. Pterygoid plexus - Correct Answer ✅Network of veins corresponding to 2nd and 3rd parts of maxillary artery Olfactory nerve - Correct Answer ✅1st cranial nerve that controls smell Optic nerve - Correct Answer ✅2nd cranial nerve that controls sight DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Internal jugular vein - Correct Answer ✅Drains much of blood from head and neck Purkinje fiber system - Correct Answer ✅Causes muscles of heart to contract. Spreads impulse rapidly along heart muscle. Brachiocephalic artery - Correct Answer ✅Branches into right common carotid in neck and right subclavian artery in arm. Hematocrit - Correct Answer ✅% blood volume made up of red blood cells. Men: 42-52% women: 37-48%. Anything below 35% considered anemic. Mental artery - Correct Answer ✅Supplies blood to chin. Ischemia - Correct Answer ✅Reduced blood flow in coronary arteries. Lack of oxygen to heart cells weakens, but does not kill them. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Maxillary artery - Correct Answer ✅Supplies blood to maxilla, teeth, sinuses, and portion of nose. Medulla oblongata - Correct Answer ✅Coordinating region for impulses. The seat of many autonomic centers. Normal levels of hemoglobin - Correct Answer ✅Males: 13-18 mg/dL Females: 14-16 mg/dL Oropharynx - Correct Answer ✅Located between soft palate and epiglottis. Facial nerve - Correct Answer ✅7th cranial nerve. Supplies motor fibers to muscles of facial expression. Trigeminal nerve - Correct Answer ✅5th cranial nerve. Supplies sensation to teeth and jaws. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Asystole - Correct Answer ✅Cessation of all contractions. "Flat line" usually follows v. fib or v. tach. Treated with CPR. Ventricular fibrillation v. fib - Correct Answer ✅Course v. fib with prominent, erratic baseline or fine v. fib with far less pronounced vacillations. No p, qrs, or t. Often precedes asystole. Class III - Correct Answer ✅Pt has severe systemic disturbance or disease. Class IV - Correct Answer ✅Patient has a severe, life threatening systemic disorder. Class V - Correct Answer ✅Patient is moribund with little chance of survival. Surgery is done in desperation. Class II - Correct Answer ✅Patient has mild to no systemic disturbance. Smokers included. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Class I - Correct Answer ✅Patient has no organic, biochemical, psychiatric, or physiological disturbance. Beta blockers - Correct Answer ✅Reduce the rate and force of contraction of the heart. (Atenolol) Vasodilators - Correct Answer ✅Reduce the pressure vasculature. (Norvasc, lisinopril, diovan) Diuretics - Correct Answer ✅Reduce the volume of fluid in system. Used to treat coronary artery disease. (HCTZ, Lasix) Hypertension - Correct Answer ✅Blood pressure of 140/90 or greater. (Hx of nosebleeds, headaches, and dizziness) Rate of ventricles - Correct Answer ✅20-40 Rate of AV node - Correct Answer ✅40-60 DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Rate of atria - Correct Answer ✅60-80 Arrest rhythms - Correct Answer ✅Ventricular dysrhythmias Rate of SA node - Correct Answer ✅60-100 Social history review of systems - Correct Answer ✅Patients smoking and alcohol history/current use should be noted along with illegal drug use. Ventricular foci - Correct Answer ✅Located in ventricles Supraventricular foci - Correct Answer ✅Located above level of ventricles in atria. Antibiotic prophylaxis for total joint replacement patients - Correct Answer ✅Previous joint infection, 2 yrs following joint replacement, malnourishment, DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Review of systems musculoskeletal - Correct Answer ✅Weakness of extremities, atrophy of muscles, frequent cramping of muscles. Review of systems neurologic - Correct Answer ✅Weakness of extremities, hx of projectile vomiting, headaches, visual disturbances, any unexplained pain or numbness in body. Review of systems pulmonary - Correct Answer ✅Shortness of breath, dizziness, chronic cough, wheezing, productive cough. Review of systems genitourinary - Correct Answer ✅Painful urination, blood in urine, frequent urination, incontinence, discharge in urine. Review of systems gastrointestinal - Correct Answer ✅Loss of appetite, swallowing, change in taste, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation. Review of systems skin - Correct Answer ✅Bruising, bleeding, discoloration. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Review of systems cardiovascular - Correct Answer ✅Headaches, dizziness, nosebleeds, shortness of breath, chest or arm pain, edema. Review of systems general - Correct Answer ✅Weight loss, loss of appetite, weakness, fatigue. 4 key questions to ask patient in evaluation - Correct Answer ✅Are they currently under physicians care, do they take any meds, do they have any allergies and reactions they have, review of systems. Asthma - Correct Answer ✅Usually associated with allergies. Increased secretions in the muscles membranes lining bronchioles. Mucus plugs block smaller bronchi making movement of air in and out if lungs difficult. More difficulty with expiration. Focus (foci) - Correct Answer ✅Site in atria or ventricles which is center for generation of impulse. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Cushing's disease - Correct Answer ✅Non life threatening. Hyper secretion of glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids - Correct Answer ✅Allow the body to respond to stress. Addison's disease - Correct Answer ✅Life threatening. Hypo secretion of glucocorticoids. Cirrhosis - Correct Answer ✅Fibrosis or scar tissue in liver. Patients with cirrhosis may have difficulty metabolizing medications and may have prolonged effects of medications. Risks of liver cirrhosis - Correct Answer ✅Prolonged effects of medications, prolonged mental depression can cause hepatic coma, trouble clotting, peripheral edema, ascites. Dyspnea - Correct Answer ✅Difficulty breathing or breathlessness. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) TIA (transient ischemic attack) - Correct Answer ✅Mini stoke. Sudden neurological loss of function with full recovery in 24 hrs. Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA/stroke) - Correct Answer ✅Neurological impairment caused by disruption of blood supply to area of brain. Ischemic stroke - Correct Answer ✅85% caused by occluded blood vessel. Hemorrhagic stroke - Correct Answer ✅15% caused by ruptured artery (aneurysm) Trimester to best perform surgery - Correct Answer ✅2nd trimester. Most risk to fetus in 1st trimester. Obesity - Correct Answer ✅20 % above ideal body weight [(wt in lbs/height in inches)2] x 703 DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Modifiable risk factors of stroke - Correct Answer ✅High blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, smoking, TIA, increased red blood cells, sickle cell disorder. Unmodifiable risk factors for stroke - Correct Answer ✅Male, age 55 or older, two times African American, previous stroke, heredity. Considerations for obese patients - Correct Answer ✅Use of a large blood pressure cuff, difficult venous access, patients should be treated in upright or semi fowler position. Protease inhibitors - Correct Answer ✅Patients with HIV take this medications. It prolongs effects of benzodiapam derivatives. INR - Correct Answer ✅International normalized ratio. Patients on anticoagulants usually maintain INR 2-3. Patients usually discontinue anticoagulant 3 days prior to surgery. 1.5 or less needed to operate. Prothrombin time - Correct Answer ✅Effectiveness of anticoagulant. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Right atrium - Correct Answer ✅Receives blood from inferior and superior vena cava (peripheral circulation). Lower airway - Correct Answer ✅Trachea, bronchi, lobular bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli. Peripheral nervous system - Correct Answer ✅Consists of sensory and motor nerves. Laryngopharynx - Correct Answer ✅Located behind voice box. Internal respiration - Correct Answer ✅Takes place at cellular level. O2 in bloodstream enters cells. CO2 leaves cell and returns to blood. Upper airway - Correct Answer ✅Nasal passages, sinuses, pharynx, and larynx. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Hypoxia - Correct Answer ✅Lack of O2 Automaticity - Correct Answer ✅Ability of heart muscle to contract on it's own without nerve stimulation. Best places to check for patients pulse - Correct Answer ✅Carotid arteries and radial arteries. Trachea - Correct Answer ✅Wind pipe. Neurons - Correct Answer ✅Nerve cells Tachycardia - Correct Answer ✅HR above 100 bpm Sensory nerves - Correct Answer ✅Receive messages from environment and and conduct messages back to CNS. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) CAC (cardioacceleratory center) - Correct Answer ✅Located within medulla. Sympathetic fibers travel down spinal cord to SA node. When stimulated release norepinephrine with increases HR and strength of contractions. Cardiac output - Correct Answer ✅Total amount of blood pumped from left ventricle in one minute. Brain stem - Correct Answer ✅Pons, medulla oblongata, midrain Cephalic vein - Correct Answer ✅Located on outer (lateral) aspect of forearm. Epiglottis - Correct Answer ✅Soft tissue valve located at base of tongue covers larynx. Allows air into lungs and keeps foreign material out. AV node - Correct Answer ✅Located between atria and ventricles. Bundle of His cause ventricles to contract. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Thoracic cage - Correct Answer ✅Consists of ribs, sternum, intercostal muscles, diaphragm. Accessory muscles of respiration - Correct Answer ✅Sternocleidomastoid, scalenes, abs which are most important. Central nervous system (CNS) - Correct Answer ✅Consists of brain and spinal column Median cubital vein - Correct Answer ✅Bridge between cephalic and basilic veins. Sinuses - Correct Answer ✅Frontal, maxillary, sphenoid, ethmoid CIC (cardioinhibitory center) - Correct Answer ✅Parasympathetic fibers reach vagus nerve and release acetylcholine which decreases HR and force of contractions. Spinal column - Correct Answer ✅Cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla oblongata DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Antecubital space - Correct Answer ✅Anterior surface of elbow located between arm and forearm. SA node - Correct Answer ✅Located in right atrium. Acts as pacemaker. Produces sinus rhythms. Systolic phase - Correct Answer ✅Both ventricles contracting simultaneously. P wave - Correct Answer ✅Atrial depolarization Phlebitis - Correct Answer ✅Inflammation of vein Capillaries - Correct Answer ✅Smallest arteries where the exchange of O2, CO2, cell by products, and nutrients are exchanged between blood and cells of body. Diastolic phase - Correct Answer ✅Both atria contracting simultaneously. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Autonomic nervous system - Correct Answer ✅Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system Motor nerves - Correct Answer ✅Carry out responses from CNS. Cardiac cycle - Correct Answer ✅One alternate contraction and relaxation of atria and ventricles followed by a short pause. Cerebrum - Correct Answer ✅Thought area of brain. Sympathetic nervous system - Correct Answer ✅Speeds things up. Innervates arteries and veins causing vasoconstriction and increased heart rate. Thoracic and lumbar spine. Parasympathetic nervous system. - Correct Answer ✅Slows things down. Decreases heart rate and blood pressure. Skull and sacrum. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Aorta - Correct Answer ✅Main trunk from which arterial system proceeds. Hemoglobin - Correct Answer ✅Supplies O2 to body's tissues. Composed of one protein (globin) and four non proteins (hemes) Lingual artery - Correct Answer ✅Supplies blood to tongue of floor of mouth. Treatment for hypovolemia - Correct Answer ✅Pressure to area, cauterization, IV fluid replacement. Treatment for malignant hypothermia - Correct Answer ✅Activate EMS, hyperventalite w/ 100% O2, dantrolene sodium, IB cold saline NOT ringers lactate, ice packs to groin, axilla, neck, cold saline lovage to stomach, bladder, rectum, transport to hospital. Treatment for anaphylaxis - Correct Answer ✅Activate EMS, 100% O2, monitor vitals, epinephrine, Benadryl, decadron, ACLS protocol while waiting for EMS DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Treatment of ventricular fibrillation - Correct Answer ✅Activate EMS, CPR/AED, cont CPR and establish IV, give epinephrine 1 mg every 3-5 min, CPR/repeat shocks as above, may give single dose vasopressin to replace 1st and 2nd dose epi, amiodarone, lidocaine, and magnesium considered as well. Treatment of ventricular tachycardia - Correct Answer ✅100% O2, amiodarone 150mg IV over 10 min, prepare for synchronous cardio version Treatment for premature ventricular contractions (PVC) - Correct Answer ✅Try to determine cause (ie hypoxia) and correct, lidocaine IV repeat every 5-10 min until 3mg/kg administered Treatment of supraventricular tachycardia - Correct Answer ✅Place patient in supine position, adenosine 6mg, after 1-2 min adenosine 12mg, 3rd dose given in 1-2 min as needed. MONA - Correct Answer ✅Morphine, oxygen, nitroglycerin, aspirin DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Treatment for symptomatic bradycardia - Correct Answer ✅Terminate procedure, 100% O2, establish IV, atropine, may need ER for transcutaneous pacing. Treatment for heart attack - Correct Answer ✅Activate EMS, closely observe vitals, 100% O2 via mask, make pt comfortable/reassure, attach AED/defibrillator, aspirin 325mg, establish IV with normal saline slow drip, morphine 2-4 mg every 5-10 min Symptoms of heart attack - Correct Answer ✅Chest pain, anxiety, weakness, sweating, cardiac dysrhythmias, drop in blood pressure. Black - Correct Answer ✅Nitrogen Yellow - Correct Answer ✅Compressed air Topical anesthetics - Correct Answer ✅Benzocaine and lidocaine. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Treatment for angina attack - Correct Answer ✅100% O2 via mask, nitroglycerin under tongue 3 times every 5 min, if not relieved by third dose pt is having a heart attack, monitor pt, loosen tight clothing, put pt in comfortable position. Hypnosis - Correct Answer ✅Loss of consciousness. Patients want to lose consciousness and feel that they are asleep. (Propofol, brevital) Relaxation and immobility - Correct Answer ✅Essential for patient to be relaxed and immobile during procedure. (Versed, Propofol, brevital, ketamine) Treatment for hyperventilation - Correct Answer ✅Terminate treatment and remove foreign bodies from mouth and surgical instruments from sight, maintain airway, verbally calm patient, monitor vitals, NO O2, have pt breathe into bag to recapture CO2. Advanced: IV versed, Valium, Propofol, continue to monitor vitals, discontinue breathing bag, activate EMS if condition deteriorates. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Anticholinesterases - Correct Answer ✅Reverse effects of depolarizing agents (muscle relaxers) Depolarizing agents - Correct Answer ✅Cause depolarization of muscle with contraction and prolonged relaxation (succinylcholine). Used for intubation and treatment of laryngospasm. Can cause dysrhythmias especially in children and can trigger malignant hypothermia. Muscle relaxants - Correct Answer ✅Block nerve impulses at neurotransmitter junction where nerve stimulation causes muscle to contract causing paralysis. Steroids - Correct Answer ✅Prevent swelling by stabilizing cell membranes and also prevent acute adrenal deficiency and nausea. (Decadron, solu medrol, solu cortel) Nitrous oxide - Correct Answer ✅Administered with O2 concentration no less than 30%. Following administration necessary to wash out with 100% O2 for 3-4 min to prevent diffusion hypoxia. Pt to remain in office for 15 min after. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) General anesthesia (GA) - Correct Answer ✅The pt is not arousable even with painful stimulation. Airway intervention is required and positive pressure ventilation may be required. CV function may be impaired. Meds that help with nausea - Correct Answer ✅Antienimetics. Antihistamines, antipsychotics, reglan, zofran, corticosteroids, benzodiazepines Benadryl - Correct Answer ✅Primary drug used in mild allergic reactions. Treatment for bronchospasm - Correct Answer ✅100% O2, albuterol, atrovent, epinephrine, intubation/ventilation, steroid injection, Benadryl, activate EMS. Deep sedation analgesia - Correct Answer ✅The patient cannot be easily aroused bit has purposeful response after repeated or painful stimulation. Pt may require maintenance I'd airway and ventilation but CV function usually maintained. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Moderate sedation conscious sedation - Correct Answer ✅Purposeful response to verbal or light tactile stimulation with no compromise of the airway and spontaneous ventilation. CV function usually maintained. Laryngospasm - Correct Answer ✅Protective reflex of vocal cords which attempt to prevent passage or foreign matter to lungs. Crowing sounds or labored breathing from patient. Treatment for laryngospasm - Correct Answer ✅100% O2, establish proper head position, suction with tonsillar, positive pressure O2 via bag/mask, succinylcholine. Treatment for airway obstruction. Foreign bodies. - Correct Answer ✅100% O2, tredelenburg position, retraction of tongue with gauze, forceps, or suture, suctioning of oropharynx. Advanced: Abdominal thrusts, direct laryngoscopy, cricothyrotomy. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) 1% solution equals - Correct Answer ✅One gram of medication in 100% mL solution. [1g also = 10oomg] Concentration % - Correct Answer ✅Mg/cc Receptor sites - Correct Answer ✅Specialized sites on ion channels to which natural neurotransmitter substances or drugs attach usually leading to opening of channel for passage of positively and negatively charged ions. Drug reversal agents - Correct Answer ✅Narcan and flumazenil Additional desirable attributes of anesthetics - Correct Answer ✅Maintenance if homeostasis, rapid, smooth, comfortable induction, lack of post up nausea/vomiting, retention of reflexes to prevent aspiration, feeling of well being post op, rapid recovery, easily adapted for use in children and seniors, easy administration, cost effective. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Treatment for hypotension - Correct Answer ✅Tredelenburg position, support airway, 100% O2, monitor vitals, consider EMS, IV access, fluid bolus normal saline 10-20mL, ephedrine or phenylephrine IV Pulse oximeter - Correct Answer ✅Device measures and displays the level of oxygenated hemoglobin compared with total hemoglobin at site if probe. Measures pulse rate and ventilation. Normal O2 sat 96-100% Precordial - Correct Answer ✅Designed to listen to breath sounds during anesthesia. Placed on supersternal notch. Vasoconstrictors in local - Correct Answer ✅Epinephrine or neo cobefrin added to anesthetics to prolong duration by causing blood vessels to construct. Amides - Correct Answer ✅Metabolized in bloodstream. Chemical structure derived from ammonia. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Esters - Correct Answer ✅Metabolized in bloodstream. Chemical structure of acid and alcohol. Procaine and cocaine. Electrocardiograph - Correct Answer ✅Used to monitor electrical activity of heart. AED - Correct Answer ✅Automatic external defibrillator. Device automatically assesses heart rhythm and delivers shock if necessary. Defibrillator - Correct Answer ✅Only practical and definitive treatment for ventricular fibrillation Brown - Correct Answer ✅Helium Brevital - Correct Answer ✅Ultra short acting barbiturate. 1% solution not highly bound to fat. Side effects: apnea on induction, laryngospasm, bronchospasm, hypotension, tachycardia, hiccups, muscle twitching. Use caution with asthma or seizure disorders. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Morphine - Correct Answer ✅Major effects on CNS. Major action analgesia, but also causes euphoria, drowsiness, and sedation. Side effects include nausea, respiratory depression and hypotension. Demerol - Correct Answer ✅Same pharmacological effects as morphine. Pharmacokinetics - Correct Answer ✅Effects body has on drugs Homeostasis - Correct Answer ✅The body's normal state which there is minimal variation in respiration and circulation. Fentanyl - Correct Answer ✅Rapid onset of action. Profound respiratory depressant. High doses may cause chest wall rigidity. Vital centers - Correct Answer ✅Centers in brainstem that control physiological processes ie blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory rate. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Narcotic agonist antagonists - Correct Answer ✅Standard narcan. Narcotics reversible with drugs that antagonize effects. All relieve pain and provide some degree if sedation. (Narcan, talwin, stadol). Green - Correct Answer ✅Oxygen Blue - Correct Answer ✅Nitrous oxide Opioid receptor sites - Correct Answer ✅Respond to natural opioids produced in body ie endorphins. Ketamine exerts some effects through these receptors. Central sites - Correct Answer ✅Responsible for euphoric feeling that accompanies opioid administration. Narcotic receptors - Correct Answer ✅3 levels of activity. Opioids affect transmission of painful impulses initially at site of injury, then spinal cord on the way to brain, and finally at receptor sites in brain. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions) Relay center - Correct Answer ✅An ovoid structure in central portion of brain that relays sensory input to cerebral cortex. Room air - Correct Answer ✅20% oxygen Anxiolytic - Correct Answer ✅Anxiety reducing. Neo-cobefrin - Correct Answer ✅Vasoconstrictor compounded with marcaine. Less cardiac and CNS stimulation than epinephrine. Hypnotic - Correct Answer ✅Sleep inducing. Wakefulness system - Correct Answer ✅System in brain that maintains the state of consciousness or wakefulness. Epinephrine - Correct Answer ✅Sympatho- mimetic amine (mimics sympathetic nervous system) with pronounced cardiovascular effects. DAANCE: all modules Exam Questions and Answers with (100% Verified Answers) 2023 (320 Questions)