Data Driven Crime Fighting., Assignments of Information Systems

Download Data Driven Crime Fighting. and more Assignments Information Systems in PDF only on Docsity! Project work on “Data -Driven Crime Fighting goes Global” Case Study. Data -Driven Crime Fighting goes Global New York is known as a major city, and with major cities, comes major crimes. However, the crime rates in New York have been declining at dramatic rates due to Information system technology. It is believed that New York able to get crime rates as low as ZERO if they focus harder at the data. Case Summary: New York city moves to data driven crime fighting with help of Information System and the benefits of intelligence-driven prosecution for crime fighters and the general public are that they help to make jobs easier and help to make the city a safer place. The Information system named CompStat features a comprehensive, citywide database with record of all crimes, complaints, arrests, summonses in each city precinct. CompStat data can be displayed on maps showing crime and arrest locations which helps crime stoppers to identify patterns and develop strategies to fight crime. They also created a Crime Strategies Unit (CSU) to identify and address crime issues and target priority offenders for aggressive prosecution. CSU gathers Information and maps crime data to visually depict criminal activity based on multiple identifiers such as gang affiliation and type of crime. This database is used for an arrest alert system. The alert system helps assistant district attorneys ensure that charging decisions, bail applications, and sentencing recommendations done in proper way. Through this database and Information system police are able to guess on which area crime may happen. The case describes how the rate of crime is decreasing in the city of New York due to Information System and Visual Database named CompStat. Rather than having thousands of legal pads in police offices all around the city, each precinct can enter their data into the system. Creates a visual display that also can work as an alert system. Helps with the district attorneys, charging decisions, bail applicants, and sentencing recommendations. 1 | P a g e Data Driven: Being data-driven means that decisions are based on data and facts, not on personal experience and intuition. This term is often used in the business and tech fields; however, it is applicable to every area of our life. Every person knows how wrong decisions cost money. That’s why a data-driven approach is necessary, it helps to build a logical strategy based on solid facts and statistics. In the modern context, being data-driven is not just about making decisions and building strategies, it is about creating a culture of logical thinking. Its goal is to make minds clearer and solutions more well-thought out. For example: In Bangladesh at present Corona situation Data Driven and information System are widely used to make people aware and to reduce the infected number of corona patient. In which area how many people test corona how many test positive, which areas are dangerous for corona and need to lockdown, who inter in Bangladesh from which country and who need to be isolated, all are maintain by Information System with Data driven technology. CompStat: CompStat is not simply just the software or interactive apps. But it is the whole comprehensive system of fighting crime by using statistical data. Actually, it’s a City-wide crime mapping system which records all reported crimes, complaints, summons and arrests. CompStat is popularly seen as a high-tech way of sticking pins in map and try to map out possible crime area. But it goes beyond that. It starts with data collecting, analyzing the data and present it in a visual form – publicly accessible not only for the officers but also the citizen. The most 2 | P a g e Reports are made weekly, divided by crime with totals. Advantages of CompStat are:  Crime has fallen 75%.  Repeat offenders can be given tougher punishments.  Helps Officers know what areas to patrol more.  Identifies crime hotspots.  Helps identify gang members. Disadvantages of CompStat:  More than 1,000 people arrested in NY daily.  Many arrests are minor offenses.  Can be "wrongfully" put into data base.  Police can arrest based on profiles of individuals. Though CompStat have many advantages to fight with crime, it has some disadvantage which should be handle carefully. Question 1 What are the benefits of intelligence-driven prosecution for crime fighters and the general public? Answer: The benefits of data driven prosecution for crime fighters and general public are the database can be used for Arrest Alert Systems and CompStat items are used citywide that record all crimes reported with complaints, arrests, time and place of each crime. The benefits of data driven prosecutions for crime fighters and the general public are: 5 | P a g e i) When different crimes are operated in different parts of city then records are maintained by the particular area of the city which leads to lack of coordination of the entire team in the city. This loop hole is well utilized by criminals who target different areas. Data driven prosecutions help deal with this. For example, in New York CompStat Mapping Program, all the crimes, arrests and summons are recorded which happen in the entire city. This way police officers have complete data from where they can study the details of crime, the trends and the hotspot of crime areas and can deal with the offenders in a much better manner. ii) Data driven prosecutions help in identifying the serious offenders who need to be taken out of the street and put behind the bars. It is important to separate petty theft with repeat serious offenders. For example, New York deployed Crime strategies Unit which helps in targeting priority offenders aggressively. Police officers provide list of serious offenders who are added to the database. This really helps the district attorneys to make decisions regarding sentences, bail pleas etc. iii) Since data driven prosecution works on unified database, it also helps in updating the police officers regarding the various events occurred in other precincts. In New York, the data from Crime strategies unit is picked up by another system called Arrest alert system. This system sends a detailed mail to all the interested police officers, parole officers etc. when a particular serious offender mentioned in the database is captured in other precincts. This way every party gets to know about the arrest and detailed information can be obtained by the attorney which in turn helps in deciding the term of imprisonment appropriately. iv) The major benefit to the general public is that when crime reduces the public can go out free without any fear in their mind. With the help of organized data, prosecutions can be made faster and attorneys get better opportunity to decide whether to grant bail or to imprison for a longer time and thus keeping them off the streets. 6 | P a g e Question 2 What problems does this approach to crime fighting pose? Answer: The problems with this approach are when prosecutors compile data using these databases, the criminal justice databases combine people who should not be in the system and they could potentially be targets by police. This approach to crime fighting has many benefits, but at the same time there is some negative sides to it and that should really be considered. When prosecutors begin to compile databases for data-driven crime fighting, one needs to sure what people have been selected for addition in these databases, what are the selection criteria, and how harmful is this practice. What happen if the criminal justice databases include people who shouldn’t be there and nevertheless are targets for police enquiry. It is unjust due to the fact that people of color get arrested for minor offences such as riding a bicycle on the sidewalk and jaywalking. An overwhelming and disproportionate number are people of color arrested for minor offenses. People with these records find it near impossible to find real work on release, due to the reports on their records. This approach to crime fighting can cause multiple problems. The first major problem is there are over 1,000 arrests in New York daily, which range from minor offenses like jaywalking, to major offenses like murder. People who have minor offenses could argue that they are "wrongfully" in the system. It could also create false data about a certain location. Another major problem is police are arresting an overwhelming number of colored people, which is profiling. Because of the Information system, police tend to get a picture in their head of what kind of people to look out for, and this can result in unfair arrests. 7 | P a g e