Day 3 Female Reproductive System, Exercises of Anatomy

Download Day 3 Female Reproductive System and more Exercises Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity! FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Today: • Health issues associated with the female anatomy • What is an orgasm? • Surgical sterilization • Toxic Shock Syndrome • Menopause • The Menstrual Cycle • Hymen: a thin ring of tissue covering the opening to the vagina. It is the dividing line between external and internal sex organs. It has been over-emphasized as a sign of virginity. • Vagina: female organ of intercourse, it is actually an empty passageway leading from the vaginal opening to the uterus. It is only 3-4 inches long and shaped like a flattened funnel. External Female Anatomy Internal Female Anatomy Uterus Fallopian Tubes Ovaries Cervix Vagina INTERNAL ORGANS • Cervix: the neck or opening of the uterus. A normal healthy cervix is the strongest muscle in the body. • Uterus: a hollow, muscular organ shaped somewhat like an upside-down pear, about three inches long and two inches wide. • The uterus is lined with endometrium, which sheds during menstruation. Click here Menstruation video clip Health Issues Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Dysmenorrhea Premenstrual Syndrome Ectopic pregnancy Endometriosis Toxic Shock Syndrome Cervical Cancer Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) May happen in 3% to 27% of females between the ages of 15 and 44 PCOS is a “syndrome,” or group of symptoms that affects the ovaries and ovulation. Its three main features are: ● cysts in the ovaries ● high levels of male hormones ● irregular or skipped periods Symptoms may also include insulin resistance, obesity, and excess facial hair. Ectopic pregnancy • The fertilized egg stays in the fallopian tube. • Ectopic pregnancy happens within the first few weeks of pregnancy. • Causes of an Ectopic Pregnancy • A damaged fallopian tube that doesn't let a fertilized egg into the uterus, so the zygote implants in the fallopian tube or somewhere else. • Many times, the cause is unknown. But you are higher risk if you have: • Current use of an intrauterine device (IUD), a form of birth control. • History of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) • Sexually-transmitted diseases such as chlamydia and gonorrhea • Congenital abnormality (problem present at birth) of the fallopian tube Endometriosis • Presence of fragments of endometrium in abnormal locations in the abdomen. • The displaced tissue menstruates where it should not and tends to form cysts. • Endometriosis causes painful menstrual periods and other symptoms • Can be treated with hormones or surgery Red Flags for Endometriosis ● Unable to get pregnant ● Periods that last more than 7 days ● Short Menstrual cycle of 27 days or less ● Family history of endometriosis Orgasm is a part of the Female Sexual Response •Orgasm is characterized by the massive release of muscle tension which has built up during excitement. •It is series of rhythmic contractions in the vagina and uterus. •This release is accompanied by very pleasurable sensations. •Not every woman will achieve orgasm every time •Some women may have multiple orgasms with one sexual experience Surgical Procedures: Female Anatomy Endometrial Ablation Tubal Ligation Hysterectomy Endometrial Ablation • The thin layer of the uterine lining (Endometrium) is removed from inside the uterus • The endometrium inside the uterus decreases or stops all uterine bleeding • This is commonly done around the time of menopause to stop heavy bleeding and anemia • Pregnancy is nearly impossible after an ablation Reasons for a Hysterectomy • Heavy periods, usually caused by non-cancerous fibroid tumors • Pelvic pain from endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) • Uterine prolapse, where the uterus slips down into the vagina • Cancer of the cervix, ovaries, uterus, etc. Menopause • Around the age of 45-55, the menstrual cycle stops. • A woman is no longer capable of getting pregnant. Review The female anatomy is complicated! Define: Dysmenorrhea Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Tubal ligation Endometriosis Ectopic Pregnancy Toxic Shock Syndrome The cervix, and what does it do? Fallopian Tubes, and what do they do?