Child Care Health and Safety Guidelines, Exams of Nutrition and Aging

Download Child Care Health and Safety Guidelines and more Exams Nutrition and Aging in PDF only on Docsity! DCF - Health, Safety , & Nutrition Exam Questions and Answers. Healthy Environment & Written Policies - ANS Clean work and play areas, proper hygiene practices, implementation and routine practice of a written health policy. Policies are written for awareness and consistency. Healthy Child Characteristics - ANS Appetite - will eat a variety of food and happy after eating Appearance - no rashes, growing, has clear bright eyes, and well-developed muscles Activity - involved, interacting, has energy, and alert Daily Health Check - ANS A good way of preventing, identifying, and controlling illness in a child care environment. Behavior - general mood, unusual behavior, activity level, and breathing difficulties Physical - discharge (from nose, eyes, and ears) Also check for a fever of 100.4 and vomiting. Dehydration - ANS Symptoms: dry to very dry mouth, little or no tears when crying, less active, very fussy, eyes are sunken, hands and feet are cool and blotchy, pulse may seem week and fast, infants will wet less than 6 diapers a day; a child will make fewer trips to the restroom than they normally do Treatment: give water, take and record child's temperature, communicate with parents Heat Exhaustion - ANS Symptoms: pale and clammy skin, feeling sick, dizzy, and/or faint, rapid pulse rate and breathing, headache or muscle cramps Treatment: notify parents immediately, lay child down in a cool place, elevate feet, loosen tight clothing, give fluids (water) Heat Stroke - ANS Symptoms: skin flushed, hot and dry, elevated temperature, skin hot to the touch, strong and rapid pulse, confusion or loss of consciousness Treatment: immediate medical attention - call 911, notify parents, remove clothing - wrap in a cold wet sheet or sponge with cold tepid water, fan child, when temp lowers to 101 F, place child on their back and continue to fan, cover with dry sheet Communicable Disease - ANS A disease that can be spread from one person to another. Germs - ANS Bacteria: can cause strep throat, impetigo, pinkeye, and some pneumonia, treated with antibiotics Virus: can cause chicken pox, measles, German measles, mumps, prevented with vaccines Fungi: can cause athlete's foot and ringworm, treated with medication when fungi favorable conditions are removed Parasites: pin worms, roundworms, and lice, treated with medication 4 Ways Diseases are Transmitted - ANS Respiratory, fecal/oral, direct contact, blood borne. Serious Communicable Diseases - ANS Haemophilus Influenzae B (Hib): infection that can lead to meningitis, pneumonia; caused by a germ that spreads through coughing and sneezing Hepatitis B/C: B- Infection to the liver, vaccine avail, most commonly spread from mother to infant at birth; C-Disease of the liver, no vaccine Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): virus that causes an increasing loss of immune function that results in the body becoming unable to fight off infections; less commonly spread by infected mothers who breastfeed their infants; and exposure of open wounds or mucus membranes to contaminated blood Common Childhood Illnesses - ANS Chicken Pox, common cold, Conjunctivitis, Influenza, sore throat, diarrhea, allergies, Giardiasis, RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus), and lice. Preventing Diseases/Illnesses - ANS Isolation, immunization, and standard precautions. Isolation - ANS The purpose is to keep a child safe until a parent or guardian picks him/her up, and to prevent the spread of illness among other people. Isolation still requires direct supervision. Immunizations - ANS An essential factor in preventing the spread of disease among children. Each child must have a current record of immunization history and health records on file at the child care program. If a child cannot receive a certain vaccine due to a medical condition the physician must complete the section of DH 680 Florida Certificate of Immunization stating the exemption. If a family has a religious or philosophical objection to one, DH 681 Religious Exemption From Immunization form must be completed and given to the child care program. Changing a Glove - ANS -grasp the palm of the glove -pull the glove off towards fingers, turning inside out -throw the glove into a plastic bag that can we sealed -run your ungloved index finger under the remaining glove cuff -pull the glove off, turning it inside out -put soiled glove in plastic bag -do not pop/snap gloves Universal Precautions - ANS Wear gloves, throw disposable gloves away after one use, do not get any bodily fluid in your eyes, nose, mouth, or open sore, clean and disinfect any surfaces and mops that once into contact with a bodily fluid (1/4 cup of bleach to 1 gallon of water, discard fluid and fluid contaminated materials in a tightly secured bag, wash your hands thoroughly, change diapers on non-porous surface, do no share personal hygiene items like toothbrushes, use disposable sheaths on thermometers, -turn off all fans, and heating and cooling systems -listen carefully to emergency broadcast stations for instructions -be prepared to evacuate Evacuation Drill - ANS Describe how to initiate the procedure, designate where staff will take children, follow established evacuation routes, and designate a specific staff member to call 9-1-1. Car Seats - ANS -the location -the direction -the seat belt path -tightness Booster Seats - ANS Children under the age of 5 must use a booster seat. Children must sit comfortably and properly, seat belts are properly threaded, and strap must be snug and comfortable. Seat Belts - ANS Everyone must wear them regardless of age. Physical Development & Eating - ANS Food experiences have an impact on social and motor skills. Developmental readiness of a child determines the types and textures of a food that should be served and what feeding style to use. Mouth Patterns - ANS -suck/swallow reflex -tongue thrust reflex -rooting reflex -gag reflex Pincer Grasp - ANS Children can pick up food with their fingers (usually from about 5 months to around 9 months). Rotary Chewing Motion - ANS A vertical chewing pattern, the jaw moves up and down in a vertical motion. Breastfeeding - ANS Recommended for full-term infants for the first year of life because it is ideally formulated to promote normal infant growth and development and natural immunity. Its benefits are that it's free, easily digested, infants do not have constipation or diarrhea as often, and infants do not get sick as often. Breast Milk & Formula - ANS Prepared bottles must be refrigerated immediately and used within 48 hours, a bottle may only be warmed once, and should be discarded within one hour after serving to an infant. Baby Food/Toddler Food - ANS Must be of a safe consistency and must be developmentally appropriate for the age and developmental ability of the infant. My Plate - ANS Fruits - strawberries Vegetables - broccoli Dairy - yogurt Grain - rice (half of grains must be whole grain) Protein - chicken Common Eating Problems - ANS Negative attitude toward a certain food, resistance to eating, slow eating, non-hunger or refusal to eat, and displeasure in eating. Adult Role at Mealtimes - ANS It is the adult's responsibility to make certain that mealtimes are enjoyable, stress-free occasions during which children can learn and practice important social skills. Inappropriate Foods for Children - ANS There are some foods that are inappropriate for children due to their size, shape, or texture. Choking - ANS Choking occurs when food is inhaled directly in the airway. Squirreling is when a child shoves several pieces of food at once in their mouth. To prevent choking, make sure children eat slowly, provide a calm eating environment, remind them to chew, and teach them not to talk with their mouths full. Tooth Brushing - ANS Prevents tooth decay and other problems with the mouth, teeth, and gums. Toothpaste should be no more than a size of a pea.