Dental Hygiene NBDHE Review Questions and Answers, Exams of Dental surgery

Download Dental Hygiene NBDHE Review Questions and Answers and more Exams Dental surgery in PDF only on Docsity! Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers What is the smooth area between the eyebrows called? A. Philtrum B. Frontal region C. Frontal eminence D. Glabella E. Tragus - correct answer *D. Glabella* A. Philtrum - the groove between the upper lip and the nose B. Frontal region - includes the forehead and the area superior to the eyes C. Frontal eminence - prominence of the forehead E. Tragus - smaller flap of tissue of the auricle anterior ro the external acoustic meatus Research misconduct involves all of the following EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? A. Plagarism B. Falsifying data C. Eliminating conflicts of interest D. Misrepresenting data Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers E. Patent infringement - correct answer *C. Eliminating conflicts of interest* Research misconduct includes plagarism, copyright or patent infringement, falsifying or fabricating data, misrepresenting data, and conflict of interest During your periodontal charting, which of the following gingival features should be included in your description? A. Color B. Contour C. Consistency D. Distribution E. All of the above - correct answer *E. All of the above* Describe in the progress note: - Color (coral pink, erythematous, cyanotic) - Contour (knife-edge, rolled margin, bulbous, clefting) - Consistency (firm, edematous, fibrotic) - Texture (stippled, smooth/glossy) - Distribution (generalized, localized) Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers Leukemia, is a group of cancers that usually begin in the bone marrow and result in high numbers of abnormal white blood cells. How does the maxilary central incisor compare to the maxillary central incisor in root form? A. Maxillary central incisor is longer B. Maxillary lateral incisor is longer C. Maxillary central incisor is shorter, but wider D. Maxillary lateral incisor is shorter, but wider E. They are both approximately the same length - correct answer *E. They are both approximately the same length* The maxillary lateral incisor is smaller than the maxillary central incisor in all dimensions except root length You get a call from a frantic mom who claims her son has fallen off his bike and "knocked: his front tooth out. She has the tooth and wants to come in so her son can be seen. You tell her to hurry in with the tooth and tell her to transport the tooth in which of the following? A. Whole milk Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers B. Hanks balanced salt solution C. Her sons cheek D. Physiologic saline E. All of the above - correct answer *E. All of the above* The most often recommended are: salica, physiologic saline, milk and pH balanced cell preserving fluids. Water and ice have been shown to damage tooth root cells. Teeth should never be stored in them. Which of the following is true concerning the well controlled diabetic? A. Fasting blood sugar < 125 mg/dl B. Post priandial < 140 mg/dl C. HbA1C < 7% D. Use maximum of 2 carpules Lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine E. All of the above - correct answer *E. All of the above* Blood tests for diabetes: - Fasting blood sugar (FBS): <125 mg/dL - Current stringent FBS guideline: <100 mg/dL Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers - Post priandial (PP) or post meal: 140 mg/dL - HbA1C (4-6%): <7% in controlled patients - HbA1C >8%: Uncontrolled diabetes in the past 2-3 months Which of the following is not a mechanism of action of fluoride? a. Reduced acid soluubility b. Enzyme inhibition c. Decreased morphology D. Polysaccharide synthesis E. Lower free surface energy - correct answer *c. Decresed morphology* Possible mechanisms of action of Fluoride: - reduced acid solubility *- improved morphology* - enzyme inhibition - polysaccharide synthesis - lower free surface energy - promotion of reminieralization Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers comprising of parallel aligned myocardial strands connecting the right and left atrial walls and is considered to be the main pathway of interatrial conduction All of the following are indications for the use of topical fluoride therapy except one. Which one is the exception? a. Active caries b. White spots c. To reduce tooth sensitivity d. Increased salivary flow e. Orthodontic treatment - correct answer *d. Increased salivary flow* Reasons for fluoride therapy include: - White spots - Moderate to high risk patients for developing decay - Active decay - Orthodontic treatment - Additional protection if neccesary for children in areas without fluoridated drinking water - To reduce tooth sensitivity - Protect root surface Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers - Decreased salivary flow - Institutionalized patients Which of the following signifies the start of ventricular repolarization? A) P wave B) T wave C) Q complex D) R complex E) S complex - correct answer *B) T wave* Which of the following are the multiple bluish-gray macules set on an erythematous background that occur on the buccal and labial mucosa in stage 1 rubeola (measles)? A) Kaposi sarcoma B) Koplik spots C) Molluscum contagiosum D) Verruca vulgaris E) Heck's disease - correct answer *B) Koplik spots* Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers They are characterized as clustered, white lesions on the buccal mucosa (opposite the upper 1st & 2nd molars) and are pathognomonic for measles. What is the neurotransmitter involved in the olfactory process? A) Glutamate B) Serotonin C) Acetylcholine (ACh) D) Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) E) Norepinephrine (NE) - correct answer *A) Glutamate* The systemic involvement of fluoride in protection of the enamel does not stop once the tooth has erupted, because consumed fluoride is excreted through the saliva and can aid in tooth protection throughout the lifetime. A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related. C) The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT. D) The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct. Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers Pertaining to, situated on, or affecting the same side of the body. The cusp of Carabelli is found on which permanent tooth? A) Maxillary 1st molar B) Maxillary 2nd molar C) Maxillary 2nd premolar D) Mandibular 1st molar E) Mandibular 2nd molar - correct answer *A) Maxillary 1st molar* The cusp of Carabelli is a small additional cusp at the mesiopalatal line angle of maxillary first molars. All of the following are fat soluble vitamins EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin B C) Vitamin D D) Vitamin E Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers E) Vitamin K - correct answer *B) Vitamin B* The fat soluble vitamins are vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K. They may also go by the name lipid soluble vitamins. These vitamins are stored in your body and are dissolved in the stored fat in your body. In turn, they are released when fat is broken down to access the vitamins or for other nutritional or energy needs. There are a number of different water soluble vitamins, and these are all eight B vitamins and the sunshine vitamin, vitamin C. These vitamins are not stored in your body, and because of this you must eat these vitamins every single day to ensure your body has all the nutrients required for proper maintenance and function All of the following are stages in the formation of dental plaque biofilm EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? A) Acquired pellicle formation B) Attachment C) Young subgingival plaque formation D) Mature plaque formation Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers E) Subgingival plaque formation - correct answer *C) Young subgingival plaque formation* Five stages of the formation of dental plaque biofilm 1. Acquired Pellicle Formation 2. Attachment 3. Young Supragingival Plaque Formation 4. Mature Plaque Formation 5. Subgingival Plaque Formation The surgical procedure which only involves removal of bony ledges or nonsupporting bone is called A) Osteoplasty B) Ostectomy C) Osteotomy D) Apicoectomy E) None of the above - correct answer *A) Osteoplasty* Ostectomy: surgical procedure where the bone is removed also contains supporting periodontal ligament fibers. Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers Which of the following is not part of the health belief model? A) Disease has no serious consequences B) Behavior change is good C) Change is important D) Able to demonstrate self-efficacy E) Patients are vulnerable - correct answer *A) Disease has no serious consequences* Health Belief Model 1) they are susceptible vulnerable 2) disease has serious consequences 3) behavior change is good 4) change is important 5) ready to act 6) able to demonstrate self- efficacy Which part of the mandible is most often fractured? Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers A) Coronoid process B) Condyle C) Ramus D) Angle of the mandible E) Body of the mandible - correct answer *B) Condyle* Condyle 30% of fractures Angle 25% Body 25% What is the ideal angulation for scaling and root planing? A) 0-20 degrees B) 20-40 degrees C) 40-60 degrees D) 60-80 degrees E) 80-100 degrees - correct answer *D) 60-80 degrees* A disease that originates from outside of the person's body caused by either pathogenic organisms that invade the body,radiation, chemical agents, trauma, electric shock, or temp extremes? Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers A) Endogenous B) Exogenous C) Nosocomial D) Iatrogenic E) Opportunistic - correct answer *B) Exogenous* Endogenous: disease that originates w/in the person's body and are not transmitted from another infected individual. Nosocomial: Infection acquired from germs transmitted from hospital worker or environment. Iatrogenic: Infections caused from body's response to medical procedure. Opportunistic: when bod's immune system is compromised and incapable of resisting even minor infection (generally would not infect a healthy person with intact immune system) Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers Into what vein does the pterygoid plexus of veins empty? A) External jugular vein B) Maxillary vein C) Superficial temporal vein D) Superior labial vein E) Inferior labial vein - correct answer *B) Maxillary vein* The pterygoid plexus of veins becomes the maxillary vein Which of the following is considered a stress hormone? A) Melatonin1 B) Adrenaline C) Glucagon D) Cortisol E) Thymosin - correct answer *D) Cortisol* Stress Hormones: Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers When the body experiences acute or chronic stress, there are two major stress hormones that are released: • Cortisol • Norepinephrine Cortisol is the hormone that is responsible for increased blood pressure, blood sugar, and suppressing the immune system. Norepinephrine is the hormone that causes the heart rate to increase, stored glucose(simple sugar) to be released, and increased blood flow to the muscles Which of the following is not an intervention method of dental caries? A) Radiographs B) Fluoride C) Antibacterial rinses D) Decreased fermentable carbohydrates E) Increased saliva flow - correct answer *A) Radiographs* Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers Radiographs are helpful in diagnosing dental caries but do nothing as an intervention to stop dental caries What is the large radiolucent cavity observed within the maxilla apical to the posterior teeth? A) Exostoses B) Nasal fossa C) Zygomatic process D) Maxillary sinus E) Maxillary tuberosity - correct answer *D) Maxillary sinus* What type of gypsum product is commonly known as die stone? A) Type I B) Type II C) Type III D) Type IV E) Type V - correct answer *D) Type IV* Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers E) Timebound - correct answer *D) Relatable* Objectives must be "SMART" - specific, measurable, accurate, realistic and time-bound Which of the following diseases is often confused with erythema multiform and is triggered by a drug reaction rather than an infection? A) Lyell disease B) Lichenoid disease C) Bullous dermatosis D) Stevens-Johnson syndrome E) Paraneoplastic autoimmune multiorgan syndrome - correct answer *D) Stevens-Johnson syndrome* Which of the following would not be indicated for management of a patient with bronchial asthma? A) Limit anxiety B) Tell patient to bring their regular medication with them C) Allergy to penicillin may be more frequent Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers D) Avoid certain antihistamines (promethazine and diphenhydramine) E) Acceptable to use of local anesthetic with vasoconstrictor - correct answer *E) Acceptable to use of local anesthetic with vasoconstrictor* Avoid the use of LA containing vasoconstrictor because some asthmatic patients may react to sulfites present as preservatives in it. Which of the following is not a member of the cytokine family? A) Chemokines B) TNF C) Interferons D) Leukokines E) Interleukins - correct answer *D) Leukokines* Which one of the following is not considered a dominant phyla in the human gut? A) Firmicutes Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers B) Bacteroides C) Escherechia D) Actinobacteria E) Proteobacteria - correct answer *C) Escherechia* The four dominant phyla in the human gut are Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria Which of the following does not typically contribute to limited access to care for dependent patient with special needs? A) Low caregiver priority on oral health B) Inadequate funding for care C) inadequately trained dental professionals D) Low patient priority on oral health E) None of the above - correct answer *D) Low patient priority on oral health* Despite a patients oral health priority, their lack of dental acumen wouldn't prohibit them from care. Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers 2) Redundancy 3) Antagonism 4) Synergism All of the following are used to cover surfaces and protect them from contamination as part of the Barrier technique EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? A) Rubber B) Plastic C) Foil D) Cloth E) Paper - correct answer *D) Cloth* The system of nerves that carries impulses or messages to and from the central nervous system is called the? A) Involuntary nervous system B) Voluntary nervous system C) Autonomic nervous system D) Peripheral nervous system Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers E) Parasympathetic nervous system - correct answer *D) Peripheral nervous system* In the peripheral nervous system, bundles of nerve fibers or axons conduct information to and from the central nervous system. The autonomic nervous system is the part of the nervous system concerned with the innervation of involuntary structures, such as the heart, smooth muscle, and glands within the body. It is distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems. During your oral evaluation you are examining the hard palate. Which one of these would not be found on the hard palate? A) Incisive papillae B) Torus palatinus C) Fovea palatinae D) Uvula E) Palatine rugae - correct answer *D) Uvula* Dental Hygiene NBDHE review questions and answers What automatically terminates the exposure when the finger ceases to press on the timer button? A) Master power switch B) Fail safe switch C) Dead man's switch D) Automated cut-off switch E) None of the above - correct answer *C) Dead man's switch* "Dead-man" switch Automatically terminates the exposure when the finger ceases to press on the timer button.