Dental Handpieces and Polishing: A Historical Overview and Functional Analysis, Exams of Dentistry

Download Dental Handpieces and Polishing: A Historical Overview and Functional Analysis and more Exams Dentistry in PDF only on Docsity! Dental Handpieces and Polishing amalgams Who used a form of a dental drill over a 1,000 years ago? - The Myans Mid ___ doctors began to fill holes in teeth with various substances after using a chisel to chip away damaged enamel? - 1600's Who is the "father of modern dentistry"? - Pierre Fauchard--used a dril described in a book in 1746. It had a long meta rod with a bow that was used to power it. 1778 Mechanical drill powered by a ____? - Hand crank 1870 electrically ______ were created? - powered drill ; Time to prepare a cavity went from hours to less than 10 min. Dental handpieces are the most ____ used devices in restorative dentistry? - frequently The most common types are: - 1)low-speed 2) high speed Dental ___ provide the power to the handpiece, rotating the bur, which completes the actual cutting or polishing ot tooth structure and castings. - units The ___-___ handpiece is often referred to as the straight hand-piece? - Low-speed; 10,000-30,000 rotations per min. (rpm) The bur can be poistioned to operate with a forward or back ward movement. a variety of attatchments (sleeves) are used that fit into the handpiece. The ___attachement is commonly used for lab procedures for trimming removable prostheses outside the mouth? - Straight: slides onto the motor and locks into place. The ___ attachement is designed to allow the operator intraoral access w/easier adaption to the tooth surfaces? - Contra: Slides onto motor and locks into place. Holds latch type rotary inst., endo files, prophy cups, and mandrels. The ___angle is udes during polishing procedures? - Prophy: Most common is the plastic disposable/ single use angle. Screw type angle holds the prophy cup and brush in place by a threaded shaft. A Low-speed is used for removal of __decay and ___finishing of cavity prep. Finishing and polishing restorations. Coronal polish and stain removal? - soft; fine Also: procelain adjustments. Lab: trim and contour temp crowns. Trim and reline removale partials and dentures Trimming and contour of ortho appliances. High-speed drills were developed in __? And introduced in ___? - 1911 510 (k) (demonstrates the safety and effectiveness of the device in comparison to equivalent devices already approved by the FDA) The FDA requires that each device must be designed to allow complete ____ by an accepted method, and demonstrate continued performance after repeated sterilization? - sterilization. Sterilization requieres the use of ___ monitoring to document external and internal sterility. - biological The center of diseae control use the _____ classification wheich has three catagories: ___,___,___? - Spaulding, critical, semi critical and non-critical Instruments that penetrate soft tissure, cntact bone, enter or make contact w/ the blood stream are considered ____? - critical (have the greatest risk of transmitting infection) Items that have a lower risk of transmitting disease are considered ___? - semi-critical (dental handpieces are in this catagory) Handpieces were not made to withstand heat of sterilization until the mid ___? - 1990's (Kimberly Bergalis lobbied for for all health care workers to be tested for HIV until she died) Air water syringes and handpieces should be ___ for 20-230 secon after each patient? - flushed Three basic parts of a rotary cutting instrument are the ___, ___, and ___? - Shank: (straight, latch and friction grip) neck and head Burs are any rotary instrument that have a sharp ___ head? - cutting The ___bur = initial entry into tooth, extends into prep, retention, removes decay? - round : 1/4, 1/2, 1-8, & 10 The ___ cone bur = removeds decay, establishes retention grooves? - inverted: 33 1/2, 34-39,36L, 37L The ___fissure = initial entry forming internal walls of the prep? - straight: 55-60, 57L, 58L, 556,-560, 567L, 568L The ___ fissure = hleps in providing angles to the walls of the prep? - 169-172, 169L, 170L, 171L, 699-703, 699L, 700L, 701L Tthe ___ bur = initial entry, extents prep? - Pear: 330-333, 331L The ___ cutting = initial entry, createds a shoulder for the margin of a crown prep? - End: 957, 958 1)__ burs have a metal base w/flecks of industrial diamonds embedded inot the base? Their cutting ability (2) __prep time, w/ repeated sterilization particles debond? - 1)Diamond: tapere cylinder, round, cylinder, flame, wheel, disk shapes. 2)shortens The (1)___ bur is similar in appearance to the cutting burs but the number of blades or flutes is (2)___ ? - 1) Finishing: round, tapered and flame shaped. 2) increased (allows for better polishing) Abrasive discs and wheels require a ___ to attatch the abrasives to the handpiece? - Mandrel (metal shaft) The prupose of amalgam finishing and polishing burs is to contribute to the ___ of the restoration andthe helath of the surrounding periodontium? - longevity: removes marginal irregularities, imporve anatomical contours, remove corrosion and prevent deteriation, smooth rough surface, prevent recurrent decay. How long must you wait until you polish an amalgam? - minimum of 24 hours until the final crystallization has taken place. Corrosion = destructive attachment on the surface and subsurface of the resotration. Smoothing and ___ makes it less likely to accumulate acids, plaque and debris? - polishing (amalgams) (also tarnish) Over contoured surfaces are more likey to ___ and harbor plaque, irritating surrounding tissues? - collect ___contourning makes self cleansing less effective? - Bulky Polishing is a chance to (1) ___ the contour, assist in reducing areas of (2) ___ occlusion? - alter, premature (which can cause sensitivity or eventually fx in opposing tooth. What must we evaluate prior to polishing a restoration? -