Download Descriptive Grammar English - Test 2 Study Guide | ENGL 2710 and more Study notes English Language in PDF only on Docsity! Unit 2 Test Syntax: word order, sentence structure, English as an analytic language (words cannot just appear in any order to form a grammatical sentence. The systematic ways in which words are combined to create well-formed phrases, clauses, and sentences The systematic ways in which clauses and sentences are combined to create more complex sentences Lexical categories are important Form: the grammatical or lexical class of words Noun, pronoun, preposition Function: describes the role of a word in a phrase or clause Subject, direct object, adverbial Morphology, semantics, and syntax all work together and have to agree to make sense and be correct. Parsing: breaking down a sentence word-by-word, phrase-by-phrase, and clause-by-clause Determiner- definite and indefinite articles Subject: everything before the verb Predicate: the verb and everything the verb governs- verb + complement Verbs Person (1st, 2nd, 3rd) Number (singular, plural) Tense (present, past) Aspect (perfect (completed), progressive (habitual or on going)) Voice (active, passive) Mood (indicative, imperative, subjunctive) Verb forms Bare/infinitive (to talk) Third-person singular present tense (talk) Past tense (talked) Present participle (were talking) Past participle (had talked) Present perfect: have walked- present tense of aux. Past perfect: had walked- past tense of aux. Suppletive forms- be, go, do, have Categories of verbs Intrasitive- no subject- we slept. Transitive- links subject to the verb through the direct object- i bake a cake. Ditansitive- has both a direct object and indirect object- i give my mom a present. Linking- subject=adjective- i am happy. Object predicate Conjunctions Coordinating- FANBOY(S), connects words or phrases or clauses of the same category Subordinating- connect two clauses, a dependent and independent clause Correlative- paired conjunctions, appear at the beginning of each clause
