Download Digestive System: Gastrointestinal Tract, Pancreas and Liver Outline | IPHY 3410 and more Study notes Health sciences in PDF only on Docsity! DIGESTIVE SYSTEM: GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, PANCREAS, AND LIVER Learning Goals 1) Define alimentary canal (also called gastrointestinal tract), naming its organs and distinguishing it from the accessory digestive organs. 2) Define the six essential food-processing activities that occur during digestion: ingestion, propulsion, mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, absorption, and defecation. 3) Describe how the process of digestion is an extracellular process that occurs outside the body. 4) Define and distinguish between peristalsis and segmentation. 5) Describe the four major layers and their sublayers of the alimentary canal wall 6) Describe the function and location of nerve plexuses of enteric nervous system 7) Describe the location, anatomy, and functions of the oral cavity and salivary glands. 8) Describe the location and gross anatomy of the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. 9) Describe the microscopic anatomy and functions of the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine, including epithelial lining, special cell types, and the associated lymphoid tissue. 10) Understand the flow of blood from the small intestine, through the liver, and to the heart. 11) Differentiate the epithelial lining of the oral cavity through the large intestine 12) Describe the location, gross anatomy, microscopic anatomy, and digestive functions of the liver and pancreas. 13) Describe the location, gross anatomy, and digestive functions of the gallbladder. 14) Trace the flow of bile through the system of ducts ultimately into the duodenum, explaining the role bile plays in the digestive process. 15) Describe cirrhosis, and other disorder of the digestive system mentioned in the lecture. 16) Classify the teeth of adult dentition and describe the anatomical layers of teeth 17) Distinguish between the visceral peritoneum and parietal peritoneum. 18) Define and describe mesentery, including functions. Outline I. Division of the Digestive System: A. Alimentary Canal (GI tract) B. Accessory Digestive Organs II. Process of Digestion A. Ingestion B. Propulsion C. Mechanical digestion D. Chemical digestion E. Absorption F. Defecation III. Histology of the Digestive System A. Mucosa i. Epithelium ii. Lamina propria iii. Muscularis mucosa B. Submucosa C. Muscularis externa D. Serosa/Adventitia i. Serosa ii. Adventitia E. Nerve plexuses of enteric nervous system IV. Structures A. Mouth B. Lips C. Tongue D. Salivary glands i. Some of the larger glands: a. Parotid b. Submandibular c. Sublingual E. Teeth i. Heterodont dentition a. Incisors b. Canines c. Premolars (bicuspid) d. Molars ii. General tooth structure a. pulp b. dentin c. enamel d. cementum F. Pharynx G. Esophagus H. Stomach i. Gastric pit ii. Gastric gland a. mucous neck cells b. parietal cells
