Drug Misuse & Addiction – Alcohol Misuse & Alcoholism – Tobacco Use- Psychological Health-, Exams of Nursing

Download Drug Misuse & Addiction – Alcohol Misuse & Alcoholism – Tobacco Use- Psychological Health- and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Drug Misuse & Addiction – Alcohol Misuse & Alcoholism – Tobacco Use- Psychological Health- Cardiovascular Health Alcohol is similar to other drugs in that A. its use can lead to dependence. B. its physiological effects can cause long-term damage. C. it can impair short-term functioning. D. all of these choices are correct. A standard drink contains about A. 0.6 ounces of alcohol. B. 1 ounce of alcohol. C. 1.5 ounces of alcohol. D. 2 ounces of alcohol. Beer usually contains what percentage of alcohol? A. 3–6 percent B. 9–14 percent C. 20–25 percent D. 35–50 percent The best definition of a psychoactive drug is a drug that A. increases the rate of physiological functions. B. alters a person’s experiences or consciousness. C. is obtained only with a prescription. D. relieves pain and causes relaxation. The proof value of an alcoholic beverage is A. two times the percentage of alcohol in the beverage. B. half the percentage of alcohol in the beverage. C. equal to the percentage of alcohol in the beverage. D. the percentage of blood volume that is alcohol. A 20 proof beverage is percent alcohol. A. 10 B. 20 C. 40 D. 60 Alcohol is metabolized A. at the same rate in all people. B. at a varied rate depending on individual characteristics. C. more quickly when the individual is intoxicated. D. at a constant rate within each person. Which of the following is TRUE regarding the relationship between food and alcohol consumption? A. Eating slows alcohol’s intoxicating effects in men more than it does in women. B. Eating slows alcohol’s intoxicating effects in women more than it does in men. C. Eating reduces the amount of alcohol absorbed in the small intestine. D. Eating slows alcohol absorption. Which of the following does not influence how long it takes for alcohol to be absorbed in the stomach? A. carbonation B. time of day that alcohol is consumed C. food in the stomach D. proof of the beverage The main site of alcohol metabolism is in the A. small intestine. B. stomach. C. colon. D. liver. The amount of alcohol in the blood, which is used as a measure of intoxication, is called A. alcohol/blood displacement. B. alcohol impairment measurement. C. blood alcohol concentration. D. blood alcohol ratio. One reason that females usually become intoxicated more quickly than males because A. they have a lower alcohol tolerance. B. the stomach enzyme that metabolizes alcohol is less active in women than in men. C. their livers metabolize alcohol more slowly. D. they metabolize more alcohol in the stomach. One reason that women have higher BACs than men after ingesting the same amount of alcohol is that women have A. lower blood volume. B. a higher percentage of body fat. C. lower average weight. D. less drinking experience. Alcohol is classified as a(n) A. depressant. B. opioid derivative. C. narcotic. D. stimulant. All of the following are symptoms of hangover, EXCEPT A. diarrhea. B. nausea. C. cough. D. fatigue. Death by alcohol poisoning can be caused by A. inhaling fluid or vomit into the lungs. B. central nervous system and respiratory depression. C. neither A nor B. D. both A and B. 17. Treatment for drug addiction is often characterized by discrete and repeated episodes of shortterm abstinence and relapse. A. true. B. false. 18. The legal BAC limit in all 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia is A. 0.02 percent. B. 0.05 percent. C. 0.08 percent. D. 0.16 percent. 19. Continued overuse of alcohol commonly causes scarring in the A. liver. B. cerebrum. C. lungs. 38. When particles of tobacco smoke condense, they form a brown sticky mass called A. snuff. B. tar. C. nicotine. D. stearic acid. 39. A substance that directly causes cancer is called a(n) A. toxin. B. carcinogen. C. malignancy. D. infector. 40. What role does ammonia play in cigarettes? A. It enhances the flavor. B. It masks the harsh bitter taste of tobacco. C. It boosts the amount of nicotine they deliver. D. It opens the lungs’ airway and makes it easier for nicotine to enter the blood. 41. Which of the following is an effect of nicotine? A. blood vessel dilation B. increased formation of urine C. increased heart rate D. lowered blood pressure Which of the following is the most widespread cause of death among smokers? A. stroke B. coronary heart disease C. lung cancer D. emphysema . Which of the following cardiovascular diseases is linked to cigarette smoking? A. stroke B. pulmonary heart disease C. aortic aneurysm D. stroke and pulmonary heart disease E. All of these choices are correct. Which of the following cancers is linked with smoking? A. esophageal B. kidney C. pancreatic D. All of the these cancers are linked with smoking. Loss of lung tissue elasticity is characteristic of A. emphysema. B. bronchitis. C. pulmonary edema. D. pneumonia. Which of the following health concerns is associated with smoking? A. ulcers B. gum and periodontal disease C. reduced fertility in men and women D. impotence E. All of these choices are correct. Smoke exhale by a smoker is referred to assmoke. A. mainstream B. primary C. sidestream D. secondary Smoke emitted from the burning end of a cigarette, cigar, or pipe is referred to as smoke. A. mainstream B. primary C. secondary D. sidestream To increase the chance for success when attempting to quit smoking, you should A. wear a nicotine patch while you smoke. B. substitute smokeless tobacco for cigarettes. C. substitute clove cigarettes. D. enlist support. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)? A. A nonsmoker is not affected by ETS after leaving the smoky environment. B. ETS does not elevate a nonsmoker’s risk of heart disease. C. ETS does not elevate a nonsmoker’s risk of lung cancer. D. Children are commonly affected by ETS. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Psychological health is independent of physical health. B. Psychological health is a myth. C. Psychological health is freedom from disorders. D. Psychological health and physical health are intertwined. 2. Which of the following statements is most TRUE regarding psychological health? A. Being normal is the same as being psychologically healthy. B. It is as difficult to define as it is important to understand. C. Freedom from psychological disorders is a comprehensive definition of psychological health. D. Psychological health is the absence of anxiety. 3. Psychological health is another term for A. authenticity. B. positive psychology. C. psychological normality. D. mental health. 4. According to Maslow, basic human needs are ranked in the following order as they DECREASE in urgency: A. physiological needs, safety, being loved, maintaining self-esteem, self- actualization. B. safety, physiological needs, being loved, maintaining self-esteem, self- actualization. C. safety, physiological needs, maintaining self-esteem, self-actualization. D. self-actualization, physiological needs, safety, maintaining self-esteem, being loved. 5. Maslow would NOT have described a self-actualized person as someone who A. knows the difference between what is and what one wants. B. is willing to accept evidence that contradicts what one wants to believe. C. remains focused on the idea of the way things should be. D. does not waste energy trying to force people into an ideal picture of what they “should” be. 6. Which of the following statements describes a characteristic of self-actualized people? A. They are largely able to accept themselves and others. B. They are outer-directed. C. They do not trust their own senses and feelings. D. They are autocratic. 7. Which of the following statements describes people who are autonomous? A. They don’t express their feelings because of fear of disapproval. B. They respond only to what they feel as outside pressure. C. They act because they feel driven. D. They are inner-directed. 8. Being inner-directed is most closely associated with A. acceptance. B. autonomy. C. the capacity for intimacy. D. creativity. 9. The ability to share feelings without fear of rejection from another is most closely associated with A. acceptance. B. autonomy. C. the capacity for intimacy. D. creativity. 10. One’s identity A. is established early in life. B. is a lifelong process. C. rarely changes from year to year. D. A and C 11. People with established identities tend to do all the following EXCEPT A. form intimate, lasting relationships. B. remain isolated. C. share open communication. D. love and be loved. 12. A demoralized person would do all of the following EXCEPT A. use all-or-nothing thinking. B. minimize the success of others. C. take responsibility for unfortunate situations. D. engage in cognitive distortions. 13. A person who expects failure and accepts it as deserved is called a(n) A. optimist. B. realist. C. masochist. D. pessimist 14. According to the National Institute of Mental Health in 2009, the number of adult Americans who suffered from a diagnosable psychological disorder was A. less than 5 million. B. 10 to 20 million. C. 50 to 60 million. D. more than 100 million. 15. Psychological disorders may be a result of all of the following EXCEPT A. genetic differences. B. exposure to traumatic events. C. good coping skills. D. life events. 35. The small blood vessels that connect the arteries and veins are the A. venules. B. arterioles. C. capillaries. D. vascules. 36. Which of the following CVD risk factors is uncontroallble? A. cholesterol levels B. cigarette smoking C. family history of CVD D. physical inactivity 37. Hypertension probably contributes to atherosclerosis by A. dilating arteries. B. influencing cholesterol levels. C. causing injury to the artery walls. D. affecting sodium balance in the body. 38. Which of the following best describes what occurs during atherosclerosis? A. The artery walls are thinned by plaque. B. The arteries become narrowed. C. The output of blood flow from the heart decreases. D. The arteries become elastic and flexible 39. The form of cholesterol that carries cholesterol out of the liver to other parts of the body is A. HDL. B. VLDL. C. LDL. D. triglyceride. 40. The form of cholesterol that draws cholesterol out of the walls of the arteries and returns it to the liver for recycling is A. HDL. B. VLDL. C. LDL. D. triglyceride. 41. Which of the following does not increase risk for cardiovascular disease? A. alcohol abuse B. low socioeconomic status C. high educational attainment D. social isolation 42. Men have a greater risk of heart attack and stroke than women do because A. fewer women have hypertension. B. women have larger coronary arteries. C. estrogen may protect premenopausal women from heart disease. D. men have more severe heart attacks. 43. Which of the following best describes a link between gender and CVD? A. Women who have heart attacks are less likely than men to die within a year. B. Men have larger hearts and arteries than women, which makes diagnosis more difficult. C. Medical personnel evaluate and treat women less aggressively than men. D. Women are more likely than men to give an accurate account of their symptoms. 44. Atherosclerosis is A. sustained, abnormally high blood pressure. B. a condition resulting from the heart’s inability to maintain its regular pumping force. C. the thickening of artery walls by deposits of fatty substances. D. severe chest pain caused by insufficient blood supply to the heart. 45. If an artery in a limb becomes blocked, it causes A. heart attack. B. stroke. C. peripheral arterial disease. D. arthritis. 46. When a coronary artery becomes blocked, the result is A. a heart attack. B. angina. C. arrhythmia. D. an obstructive embolism. 47. Chest pain caused by lack of oxygen to the heart is called A. thrombosis. B. infarction. C. hypertension. D. angina. 48. Damage to the heart muscle because of lack of blood supply is called A. myocardial infarction. B. angina pectoris. C. ischemia. D. cardiac arrest. 49. Symptoms of a myocardial infarction include A. headache. B. low back pain. C. sore throat. D. difficulty breathing. 50. The most common symptom associated with angina is A. tightness or pressure in the chest. B. nausea. C. pain or numbness in the shoulder or in the arm. D. shortness of breath. 51. An arrhythmia is A. an irregular heartbeat. B. a ruptured blood vessel. C. a blood clot found near the heart. D. another name for high blood pressure. 52. Which of the following best describes a warning sign of heart attack? A. discomfort in the upper body B. sudden, severe headache C. increase in body temperature D. loss of appetite 53. Which of the following best describes a warning sign of stroke? A. numbness B. chest pain C. shortness of breath D. vomiting 54. The type of stroke that is caused by a rupture of blood vessels is called A. ischemic. B. embolic. C. thrombotic. D. hemorrhagic. 55. Atherosclerosis is most closely associated with which type of stroke? A. hemorrhagic B. thrombotic C. embolic D. infarct 56. A wandering clot that causes a stroke is called a(n) A. vascular accident. B. thrombosis. C. embolus. D. hemorrhage. 57. What type of stroke is caused by the rupture of a blood vessel on the brain’s surface resulting in bleeding into the space between the brain and the skull? A. thrombotic B. embolic C. subarachnoid hemorrhage D. ischemic 58. Which of the following is not a common result of a stroke? A. memory loss. B. hormonal imbalances. C. language deficits. D. paralysis.