Ecology Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Biology

Download Ecology Terms and Definitions and more Quizzes Biology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 ecology DEFINITION 1 study of interactions between animals and environment TERM 2 Global ecology DEFINITION 2 examines regional exchange of energy and materials influences the functioning and distribution of organisms across the biospherebiosphere= global ecosystem- the sum of all planets ecosystems/ landscapesex: how does ocean circulation affect global distribution ofcrustaceans? TERM 3 landscape ecology DEFINITION 3 focuses on factors controlling exchanges of energy, materials, and organismslandscapes= mosaic of connected ecosytstemsex: to what extent do trees lining a river serve as corridors for dispersal of animals? TERM 4 ecosystems ecology DEFINITION 4 emphasizes energy flow and chemical cycling between organisms and the environmentecosystem= community of organisms in an area and physical factors with which those organisms interactex:what factors control photosynthetic productivity in temperate grassland ecosystem? TERM 5 community ecology DEFINITION 5 examines how interactions between species, such as predation, and competition affect community structure organizationcommunity= group of populations of different species in one areaex: what factors influence the diversity of species that makeup a forest TERM 6 population ecology DEFINITION 6 analyzes factors that affect a population size and how and why it changes through timepopulation= group of same species in an areaex: what environmental factors affect the reproductive rate of locusts? TERM 7 organismal ecology DEFINITION 7 how organisms structure, physiology, and behavior meet the challenges posed by environment TERM 8 microclimate DEFINITION 8 localized patterns- single community TERM 9 biomes DEFINITION 9 major life zones characterized by vegetation type (terrestrial) or physical environment ( aquatic) TERM 10 factors of global climate DEFINITION 10 sunlight= angle on earth surfaceseasonalitybodies of water= ocean currentsmountains= influence air flow over land TERM 21 zero population growth DEFINITION 21 BIRTH RATES ARE EQUAL TO DEATH RATESr= 0 TERM 22 exponential growth DEFINITION 22 under ideal conditions= unlimited resources/ reproduction(N/t)= Rmax NJ- shaped curve TERM 23 logistic growth DEFINITION 23 changes in population when approaching carrying capacity (K)(N/t)= RmaxN (K-N)/K)s-shaped curve TERM 24 inter specific interactions DEFINITION 24 interaction w/ other species within community-predation/ competition/ herbivory/ symbiosis/ facilitation TERM 25 competitive exclusion DEFINITION 25 reproduction advantage will lead to elimination of inferrior competitor TERM 26 ecological niche DEFINITION 26 sum of species use of biotic/ abiotic resources TERM 27 resource partioning DEFINITION 27 differentiation of niches that enables similar species to co exist in community TERM 28 character displacement DEFINITION 28 characteristics diverge between populations of 2 species- more so in sympatic TERM 29 aposematic coloration DEFINITION 29 warning coloration-poison dart frog-animals with chemical defenses TERM 30 cryptic coloration DEFINITION 30 physical/ morphologicalcamouflage TERM 31 batesian mimicry DEFINITION 31 a harmless species resembles a harmful one TERM 32 mullerian mimicry DEFINITION 32 2 or more harmful species resemble each other TERM 33 species richness DEFINITION 33 # of different species in community TERM 34 relative abundance DEFINITION 34 proportion species represents in community TERM 35 exploitation DEFINITION 35 indirect competitioneach species uses same resource- resource unavailable to other species-able to survive on fewer resources-able to obtain resources more efficently