Engaging Students: Disabilities, Learning Styles, Memory, Motivation, and Classroom, Exams of Nursing

Download Engaging Students: Disabilities, Learning Styles, Memory, Motivation, and Classroom and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Page 1 EDF 3210 Exam 2 Review Questions and Answers Latest Update What is an appropriate way to ask a student with a label what they would like to do for recess? - ✅✅✅Treat them like other students, avoid language of pity such as the student being "confined to a wheelchair" or "victim to a disease", do not directly point out their label How should you interact with a student who has a disability? - ✅✅✅Do not point the disability out or use it against them What is bodily-kinesthetic intelligence? - ✅✅✅Abilities in controlling body movements and knowing where your body is in space, ability to handle objects skillfully. What are important aspects for a teacher to focus on if they are incorporating multiple intelligences into their teaching? - ✅✅✅1. Differentiate instruction to connect with each student 2. Use variety of representations (words, images, movements) to present new information Why is "learning preferences" a more accurate term than "learning styles"? - ✅✅✅"Learning styles" are typically just how a student prefers to learn, and most research does not indicate that these preferences make any significant difference in what students learn. However, it is important to still present information in various modalities What is the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)? - ✅✅✅Requires states to provide free, appropriate public education for all students with disabilities What are the thirteen qualifications for IDEA? - ✅✅✅1. Specific learning disabilities 2. Speech/language impairments 3. Non-orthopedic health impairments 4. Autism spectrum disorders 5. Intellectual disability 6. Developmental delay 7. Emotional disturbances 8. Multiple disabilities Page 1 of 16 Page 2 9. Hearing impairments 10. Orthopedic impairments 11. Visual impairments 12. Traumatic brain injury 13. Deaf/Blind Who is apart of a student's Individualized Education Program (IEP)? - ✅✅✅General and special education teachers, parents, school psychologist, administrator, and student What is the most common learning disability? - ✅✅✅Reading What strategies would be most helpful to a student with ADHD? - ✅✅✅-Give small assignments at a time -Help them develop "skill and will" to improve, self-monitor -Discover/use child's strengths -Offer choices, avoid extensive homework -Allow them to walk around the classroom How would you teach a student with intellectual disabilities? - ✅✅✅Two effective approaches to teaching these students -Direct instruction: Clear explanations, demonstrations, small steps with practice, immediate feedback, support -Strategy instruction: Rules for focusing attention, accomplishing tasks General strategies -Short, simple verbal instructions -Students repeat directions back to you -Multiple examples; repetition of main points -Self-monitoring, memory strategies such as lists What are autism spectrum disorders? - ✅✅✅Developmental disability, significantly affects verbal and nonverbal communication, social interaction -Characteristics: Avoid eye contact, don't share feelings or interest in others, often nonverbal, need regularity Page 2 of 16 Page 5 What is metacognition? - ✅✅✅Awareness and understanding of one's own thought processes; thinking about thinking How can a student best organize the information they are learning? - ✅✅✅The student can use "chunking" to separate information into smaller, more digestible pieces of information. How can parents help their students organize information? - ✅✅✅Strategies to help children practice and remember: -"Parent coaching card" with memory strategy for parents to teach their child -Comprehension questions for parent/child reviews Ask family members to share their strategies for organizing and remembering -Creating family calendar; breaking tasks into small jobs Discuss importance of attention in learning -Creation of study spaces away from home distractions -Informing parents of purpose of homework What is critical thinking? - ✅✅✅Evaluating conclusions by logically, systematically examining problem, evidence, solution How can teachers create a culture of critical thinking in the classroom? - ✅✅✅Inquisitiveness, reasoning, expectation of making and refuting arguments What is motivation? - ✅✅✅An internal state that arouses, directs, and maintains behavior True or False: If a student is intrinsically motivated, they are self-determined and do not require and incentives or punishments - ✅✅✅True True or False: If a student is extrinsically motivated, they are completing the task for themselves - ✅✅✅False; extrinsic motivation is determined by others and is usually done to please someone else Page 5 of 16 Page 6 What is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs? - ✅✅✅Humans have 7 levels of needs; and needs must be met in order: Four low-level needs are deficiency needs -Survival, safety, belonging, self-esteem Three higher-level needs are being/growth needs -Cognitive, aesthetic, self-actualization What kinds of goals can help enhance motivation? - ✅✅✅-Specific, elaborated goals with subgoals -Moderate difficulty, not too easy or too hard -Proximal, reachable in the near future What does it mean to have an internal locus of control? - ✅✅✅You believe in your own ability to accomplish something and attribute your success to your own hard work What does it mean to have an external locus of control? - ✅✅✅You believe that things in your life happen out of your own control and attribute your success to things like a good teacher or luck How can a teacher help encourage motivation in the classroom? - ✅✅✅-Encourage students to attribute performance to personal effort and ability -Give ability-focused feedback (promotes higher self-efficacy for the task) -Design authentic tasks and relevant instruction What are the goals of effective classroom management? - ✅✅✅Make ample time for learning, keep students actively engaged, provide clear instructions, develop positive relationships with students, and encourage self-management, self-control, and responsibility How will you effectively manage a classroom? - ✅✅✅Gain their cooperation, set clear rules and consequences for not following them What areas should you cover when creating rules and routines for a classroom? - ✅✅✅- Administrative routines such as taking attendance -Student movement, entering/exiting classroom Page 6 of 16 Page 7 -Housekeeping, storing personal items, trash cleanup -Lesson-running routines such as collecting assignments -Teacher-student interactions such as raising hands, waiting to be recognized -Student interactions such as giving help, socializing What is withitness? - ✅✅✅An awareness of everything happening in a classroom How can withitness be helpful in classroom management? - ✅✅✅A "with-it" teacher can keep minor disruptions from becoming major and does not make timing errors (waiting too long before intervening) or target errors (blaming the wrong student) How can a teacher prevent behavior problems in the classroom? - ✅✅✅-Teaching social skills, self-management and coping skills -Building caring relationships with students -Stop misbehavior quickly How can you manage different kinds of bullying? - ✅✅✅Bully feels annoyed, insulted by other person -Teach students to read others' intentions accurately Put victim under pressure, have "fun" at other's expense -Teach empathy; use literature activities, discussion Gain acceptance, look important among valued peers -Emphasize moral judgment, sensitivity to diversity Get what they want from victim or enjoy hurting victim -Restorative justice to help bullies feel remorse; legal sanctions for criminal acts How can you manage teasing? - ✅✅✅Educate students about teasing by discussing dos and don'ts Do NOT: -Tease those you don't know well -Tease about sex, a person's body, or family members Page 7 of 16 Page 10 What is summative assessment? - ✅✅✅Final exams, graded projects -Purpose: evaluate final achievement -Used after instruction to judge amount of learning -Provides information for assigning grades What does test reliability look for? - ✅✅✅Whether or not the test renders consistent test scores -Test results are the same with repeated administrations -Tests must be reliable in order to be valid What does test validity look for? - ✅✅✅Whether or not the test measures what it was intended to measure -Content-related evidence: Test items cover key topics of the unit/course -Criterion-related evidence: Correlation between test score and other criterion-based measures What is a common criticism of traditional testing? - ✅✅✅For an assessment to make sense, it should test knowledge as it is applied in real-world situations. Understanding cannot be measured by traditional tests that ask students to use skills and knowledge out of context What is authentic assessment? - ✅✅✅Assessment procedures that test skills and abilities as they would be applied in real-life situations Which of the following statements illustrates measurement (as defined in assessment terminology)? a. Many of Mr. Delano's students are failing his class. b. Lynette found the solutions to most of the problems. c. Connor answered 14 out of 15 questions correctly. d. Gorge achieved one of the highest grades in his algebra class. - ✅✅✅C The following teachers are using various types of assessments. Which one is most likely used for formative purposes? a. Mr. McLaren's groups are creating skits to show what they learned in their advertising unit. b. Ms. Allen is giving a pretest before she begins instruction on a new unit in geometry. c. Mrs. Godcheaux uses students' portfolios to determine their final grades in her design class. Page 10 of 16 Page 11 d. Mr. DeVall gives students a rubric that will be used in grading their oral presentations in his speech class. - ✅✅✅B How will value-added measures most likely help solve any problems associated with high stakes testing? a. Add points to scores of students identified as underprivileged or disadvantaged. b. Assess the actual growth a student achieved compared to their expected level of growth. c. Allow students scoring in the 25th percentile and lower to add points to their scores by taking additional versions of the test. d. Provide individualized testing opportunities for English learners to add points to their scores. - ✅✅✅B Mrs. Ramirez is giving a test to identify the top students in her physics class. The top three or four students will be invited to participate in an event related to their unit of study at a local university. What type of grading should she use to meet this goal? a. criterion-referenced grading b. norm-referenced grading c. scoring rubric d. scoring based on oral communication - ✅✅✅B Ms. Valentino could tell from the first day of school that Javier was going to be one of her struggling Latino students. He came to school wearing worn clothes. No parent accompanied him, and he acted withdrawn and shy. By the end of the first grading period, she confirmed her impressions. Javier's grades were low. This scenario most likely illustrates: a. differentiation. b. the Pygmalion effect. c. a self-fulfilling prophecy. d. a sustaining expectation. - ✅✅✅C Ms. Dominguez is a middle school science teacher who consistently gets high student reviews. Her students claim they learn more in her class than in any other class. Based on research about teacher effectiveness, Ms. Dominguez most likely does all of the following EXCEPT: a. make clear presentations with explanations and examples. b. maintain distant, reserved relationships with students. Page 11 of 16 Page 12 c. show enthusiasm for the subject. d. develop reflective practices to improve teaching - ✅✅✅B In which of the following lessons does Mr. Carpenter incorporate several of the multiple intelligences? a. Students solved the two math problems and compared the logic required for each. b. Students wrote answers to the questions and summarized the main idea of the chapter. c. Students read poems by Robert Frost and wrote poems about their favorite settings. d. Students created clay models and made presentations to the class about their topic. - ✅✅✅D Alonso is a student in Ms. Carmike's kindergarten class. She has noticed that Alonso avoids eye contact, and she tells him to look at her when she talks to him. She also notices that he seems uninterested in the other children, always closes the classroom door when it is left open, and uses unusual speech patterns. She suspects that Alonso has: a. epilepsy. b. an emotional disorder. c. an autism spectrum disorder. d. hearing impairment - ✅✅✅C Mrs. Franks is explaining a new concept in her algebra class. Some of the students are paying attention and trying to grasp the new concept, but two students flip small paper wads to each other every time Mrs. Franks turns toward the white board and another tosses a big wad into the air as a distraction. Which classroom management skill does Mrs. Franks need to demonstrate in this situation? a. Group focus b. Overlapping c. Withitness d. Movement management - ✅✅✅C What should teachers do about teasing among students? a. Teach students how to cope with harmful teasing without having hurt feelings or turning to adults. b. Ignore teasing among students at school. Page 12 of 16 Page 15 realizes she is using the wrong formula. She tries a different formula and gets the right answer. What type of knowledge does she demonstrate as she decides which formula to use? a. Declarative knowledge b. Conditional knowledge c. Procedural knowledge d. Elaborative knowledge - ✅✅✅C The following students are engaged in learning. Which student's processing is metacognitive? a. "The teacher assigned roles for our group work. My role is to make sure everyone in the group participates. Who read the chapter?" b. "I believe the second question on the review sheet is going to be on the test tomorrow. The teacher hinted that we should review the material in the section about crustaceans." c. "I think I need to focus my attention on the overarching point about the cause of the conflict rather than being distracted by unrelated events." d. "The main character in the story is the man who led the group of civilians out of the country, and his actions keep the reader engaged in the story." - ✅✅✅C Ken is reading his notes from science class. He wants to organize information the teacher presented about erosion—the causes, the effects, and relationships between weather conditions and erosion. He needs an effective learning strategy. Which of the following tools seems most likely to help Ken meet his goal? a. Venn diagram b. Concept map c. Flashcards d. Cornell notes - ✅✅✅B Matthew is a brilliant student who seems rather arrogant about his intelligence and academic success. He corrected a comment made by his English teacher in class yesterday. The teacher complimented him for his analytical thinking and provided information to support her comment. After class, Matthew told his buddy that the teacher was wrong. His buddy said, "Well she gave you the source of her information. I don't think you have a leg to stand on." What specific problem solving attribute is Matthew demonstrating? a. Representativeness heuristic b. Functional fixedness Page 15 of 16 Page 16 c. Availability heuristic d. Belief perseverance - ✅✅✅D In her small reading group, Mrs. Casey discussed new vocabulary words with the students. She explained that the new word dugout is used to describe a place in the hillside that was dug out by the pioneer family in the story and used for shelter. She asked students to draw a picture to represent the new vocabulary word dugout to help them remember the meaning. Which of the following students used divergent thinking to represent the word's meaning? a. Maria drew a hole in the side of a hill with tall grass growing on top. b. Julio drew a bear curled up in a dugout at the side of a rocky mountain. c. Karmen drew a small opening in a hillside and put a door on it. d. Stan drew a cave in the side of a hill with trees growing around it. - ✅✅✅B Mrs. Delaney wants her students to learn to start their seat assignment and stop talking when the second morning bell rings. By pairing this stimulus-response sequence, Mrs. Delaney is applying which of the following principles of learning? a. Contiguity b. Observational learning c. Theory of mind d. Operant conditioning - ✅✅✅A Ms. Cardot wants her students to enjoy math. In order to help students associate math with pleasant thoughts, she introduces new manipulatives at the math center each week to help students solve math problems. Often the manipulatives involve edible snacks. Ms. Cardot's approach is an example of: a. operant conditioning. b. unconditioned response. c. classical conditioning. d. neutral response. - ✅✅✅C Page 16 of 16