Education - Introduction Sociology - Lecture Slides, Slides of Introduction to Sociology

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Chapter 16 Education docsity.com Chapter Outline • Schooling and Society: Theories of Education • Does Schooling Matter? • Education and Inequality • School Reform docsity.com Expansion of Education Percent (by years of school completed) =e White eam Black mm Hispanic 100 eee Asian/Pacific Islanders 80 High school diploma 60 40 —_—_ College graduate 20 and above —— _ 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2003 docsity.com Theories of Education Education in Society Functionalism Fulfills certain needs for socialization Conflict Theory Reflects other inequities in society Symbolic Interaction Emerges depending on the interaction between groups in schools docsity.com Theories of Education Schools Functionalism Inculcate values needed by the society Conflict Theory Reflecting conflict and power in society Symbolic Interaction Sites where social interaction between groups influence chances for success docsity.com Polling Question • What is the highest level of education completed by your father? A.) Below high school B.) High school graduate C.) Some college or postsecondary training D.) College degree E.) Graduate or professional degree F.) Don't know docsity.com Median Income, By Education and Gender Level of Schooling Men Women Less than 9th grade $14,139 $8,404 9th to 12th grade 18,952 9,995 High school graduate 27,669 15,120 Some college 33,035 20,181 docsity.com Median Income, By Education and Gender Level of Schooling Men Women Associate degree 37,956 23,270 Bachelor’s degree 49,180 30,489 Master’s degree 59,376 40,246 Doctorate degree 71,732 48,885 docsity.com Average SAT Scores, By Family Income Family Income No. of students SAT Verbal SAT Math $50K–$60K 89,620 509 512 $60K–$70K 77,020 516 519 $70K–$80K 72,298 522 527 $80K–$90K 95,656 534 540 >$100K 152,191 557 569 docsity.com Average SAT Scores, By Ethnicity and Gender SAT Test Takers Who Described Themselves as: SAT Verbal Mean Scores 2003 Male 2003 Female 2003 Total American Indian or Alaskan Native 482 481 482 Asian, Asian American or Pacific Islander 502 498 499 African American or Black 433 436 435 docsity.com Average SAT Scores, By Ethnicity and Gender SAT Test Takers Who Described Themselves as: SAT Verbal Mean Scores 2003 Male 2003 Female 2003 Total Mexican/ Mexican American 460 500 455 Puerto Rican 460 452 456 Latin American, South American, Central American, other Hispanic or Latino 467 457 461 White 530 528 529 docsity.com Criticism of the Bell Curve 1. Studies show standardized tests do not measure intelligence as accurately for:  minorities as whites  women as men  individuals of lower status as those of higher status docsity.com Criticism of the Bell Curve 2. There is evidence that environment contributes more to intelligence than genes. 3. Conclusions about women versus men, minority versus White, and lower class versus upper class on heritability results attained on White men. docsity.com Tracking • Students in high tracks receive positive effects, while low track students suffer negative effects. • Less is expected of lower-track students. • Once a student is labeled, the label sticks, regardless if it is accurate. docsity.com Research on Gender and Education Findings from report commissioned by AAUW: 1. Teachers pay less attention to girls and women. 2. Women lag behind in math and science ability and achievement scores. 3. Some standardized math and science tests retain gender bias. docsity.com Research on Gender and Education 4. Standardized math tests tend to under- predict women’s actual grades in mathematics. 5. Teachers tend to treat Black women and White women differently. 6. Textbooks ignore or stereotype women. 7. As girls approach adolescence, their self- esteem tends to drop. docsity.com Polling Question • Rate yourself on academic ability compared with the average person your age. A.) Highest 10 percent B.) Above average C.) Average D.) Below average E.) Bottom 10 percent docsity.com School Reforms • Back-to-basics movement stresses a return to the three R’s and stricter discipline, stiffer grading standards, and combating grade inflation. • Multiculturalism movement seeks to reform the curriculum by adding courses in African American and Black Studies, Hispanic or Latino Studies, Native American Studies, Women’s Studies, and Gay and Lesbian Studies. docsity.com Quick Quiz docsity.com 1. "Education in society reflects other inequities in society, and perpetuates such inequalities by tracking practices." This statement is most closely related to: a. functionalism b. conflict theory c. evolutionary theory d. symbolic interaction docsity.com Answer: d • "Schools are sites where social interaction between groups influences chances for individual and group success." This statement is most closely related to symbolic interaction. docsity.com 3. "Schools inculcate values needed by the society." This statement is most closely related to: a. functionalism b. symbolic interaction c. feminist theory d. conflict theory docsity.com Answer: a • "Schools inculcate values needed by the society." This statement is most closely related to functionalism. docsity.com