Understanding Electric Charge: Lecture Notes on Electrostatics, Study notes of Geology

Download Understanding Electric Charge: Lecture Notes on Electrostatics and more Study notes Geology in PDF only on Docsity! Physics for Scientists and Engineers II Phy184, MSU Spring 1998 Lecture Notes 1 { mrt { ELECTROSTATICS ELECTRIC CHARGE  Electric charge is a property of atomic particles, the electron and the proton, which make up atoms (together with neutrons).  The standard unit of charge is the Coulomb (C).  Electric charge and mass of particles Particle Electric Charge Mass Electron e = 1:6
1019 C me = 9:11
1031 kg Proton +e = 1:6
1019 C mp = 1:672
1027 kg Neutron 0 mn = 1:674
1027 kg  Law of charges: Like charges repel, and unlike charges attract.  An electric charge q is a charge which is an integer multiple of the fundamental charge constant e = 1:6
1019 C, q = n e. Electric charge is quantized.  The net charge of an object is the di erence between the number of protons and electrons in it times the elementary charge constant.  Law of conservation of net charge: The net charge of an isolated system remains constant.  Electric charge transfer is a transfer of electrons. Charging positively: Removal of electrons Charging negatively: Addition of electrons from an object to an object ELECTRIC FORCE  The mutual electrostatic forces on two point charges are equal and opposite, pointing to (away from) the other particle for unlike (like) charges.  Coulomb's Law The electrostatic force between two charges q1 and q2 separated by a distance r is: F = k q1 q2 r2 k = 8:99
109 Nm2=C2  Charges interact pairwise via Coulomb force. The superposition principle is valid: The net force acting on any charge is the vector sum of the forces due to each of the remaining charges in a given distribution. 1