Energy & Matter Overview: Potential & Kinetic Energy, Temperature, Heat, Phases, Equilibri, Study notes of Biology

Download Energy & Matter Overview: Potential & Kinetic Energy, Temperature, Heat, Phases, Equilibri and more Study notes Biology in PDF only on Docsity! Energy & Matter 1. Energy 2. Temperature 3. Heat 4. Phases (states) of Matter 5. Phases Changes 6. Chemical Equilibrium Energy 1. Potential Energy- stored energy, Ep = mad 2. Kinetic Energy- energy of motion, Ek = (mV 2)/2 3. Forms of Energy- mechanical, heat, light, electrical, chemical Heat 1. Associated with motion of particles in a substance, amount of mass of substance, & specific heat 2. Related to mass & motion of particles, atomic vibration & electron movement 3. Units- 1Cal = 1kcal, 1000cal = 1Cal, 1cal = 4.18J 4. Food calories- Cal or kcal Specific Heat 1. Heat energy needed to raise 1g of substance 1oC; cals, kcals, Joules 2. Let Hc = specific heat, heat capacity then 3. Hlost = Hgain mDTHc = mDTHc Calorimetry 1. Measuring energy in food or energy released or absorbed in a chem rxn 2. Phase Curve, H.O Heat of Vaporization 540cal STEAM g ete 120 100 Te TE) 60 Heat of rn Fusion WATER vin 80.0cal r ie -20 Time heat added or removed Chemical Equilibrium 1. Point in reversible rxn where rate of product formation equals rate of reactant formation 2SO2 + O2 2SO3 2. Right or forward rxn- favors products 3. Left or back rxn- favors reactants LeChatelier’s Principle 1. Systems act on stress to relieve that stress 2. Adding reactants to right rxn moves rxn right 3. Removing product from right rxn moves rxn right