Download Obesity in America: Causes, Consequences, and Management and more Quizzes Nutrition in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Problems of obesity in America DEFINITION 1 Obesity in US is escalating66% of US adults are overweight or obese33% of children and adolescents are overweight or on their way TERM 2 Energy Out: Fuel Uses DEFINITION 2 Major Components of energy expenditure-BMR(Basal Metabolic Rate)) -energy needed for bodily functions - affected by body size, sex, age, compositionPhysical Activity- highly variable-affected by body size, fitness level, type of activityTEF (thermic affect of food)-energy required to digest, absorb, and metabolize food TERM 3 Energy In DEFINITION 3 Regulation of Intake:-Hunger -prompts eating; physiological desire-Satiation -signals to stop eating (takes 20 min for stomach to signal brain that you are full)-Satiety -lack of hunger-Appetite -psychological desire TERM 4 To estimate energy needs DEFINITION 4 BMR=.9 x 24hr x weight in kg (FEMALE)BMR=1 x 24hr x weight in kg (MALE)TOTAL ENERGY NEEDSBMR x thermic affect x activity level TERM 5 Body Composition DEFINITION 5 Assessing body weight-height weight table (dated and old and inaccurate)-BMI -weight (kg) / height(squared) NEED TO KNOW TERM 6 Estimating Body Fatness DEFINITION 6 Anthropometry-skinfold test (inaccurate)Underwater weighing-weight in water vs. weight in are (most accurate)Bioelectrical Impedence (electrical current)-fat has different electrical resistance than water (must be very hydrated to perform test)DEXA (xrays)-fat responds differently to x-rays than water (same as one above) TERM 7 BMI Numbers DEFINITION 7 BMI < 18.5= underweightBMI between 18.5 and 24.9= healthyBMI between 25 and 29.9= overweightBMI> 30= obese TERM 8 Early theories of weight regulation DEFINITION 8 Fat cell theory-obesity increases number and size of fat cellsSet point theory-the point at which controls are set; the body tends to maintain a certain weight by means of internal control (can be changed but is difficult) TERM 9 How to know if you need to lose wight DEFINITION 9 -height weight tables-family history-individuality (if uncomfortable with weight because of health issues not because of what other people say)-current health parameters-BMI-Body fat analysis TERM 10 Weight Management DEFINITION 10 Weight management lifestyle-increase exercise-stress management-self-acceptance-diet and eating habits -reduce total calories -reduce fat calories -increase complex carbs - improve eating habits
