Understanding Energy: Types, Conservation, and Renewable Resources, Slides of Biology

Download Understanding Energy: Types, Conservation, and Renewable Resources and more Slides Biology in PDF only on Docsity! Environmental Education Energy Conservation Docsity.com Content • What is “energy”? • Types of “energy resources” – Non-renewable – Renewable • Energy conservation Docsity.com Non-renewable: Fossil fuels[1] • Widely used • Three kinds: – coals: hard, black and rock-like substance – oil/petroleum: thick liquid layer – natural gas: found near oil underground, mixture of flammable gases, main component is methane (CH4) • Made up of decomposed plant and animal many millions years ago – decomposed and buried layer upon layer – under high temperature and high pressure • If they are used up, they will be gone!!! – Need to save Docsity.com Non-renewable: fossils fuels[2] • Grasshopper is used for extracting fossils fuels underground Sources: http://www.energy.ca.gov/education Docsity.com Non-renewable: nuclear energy[1] • Energy is released when nuclear fission or nuclear fusion • Nuclear fission: – use a neutron to bump a large nuclei – the nuclei splits into several smaller fragments and releases energy • Nuclear fusion: – release of energy when small nuclei are fused together • Energy (from nuclear fission and fusion) – boil water and turn generators for electricity Docsity.com Renewable: solar energy[2] The thermal energy of sun is converged by parabolic trough and used for boiling water. The steam is then used to push electricity generators. Sources: http://www.energy.ca.gov/education Parabolic trough (curve mirrors) In solar cells, solar radiation energy is converted to electricity directly. Electrons are stroked out under sunlight and attracted to the other pole, so electricity occurs. Sources: http://www.energy.ca.gov/education Solar cell e- Docsity.com Docsity.com Docsity.com Renewable: wind energy[2] Group of wind turbine • Increase electricity generation efficiency Sources: http://www.energy.ca.gov/education Docsity.com Renewable: hydropower “Hydro” -- water; “hydropower” -- power of water Used for grinding flour or corn and generation of electricity • dam is built to stop water flow of a river • reservoir is formed behind dam • the water is controlled to pass via turbine at the dam • generators is then driven to produce electricity Dam built for generating electricity Sources: http://www.energy.ca.gov/education dam reservoir Docsity.com Renewable: ocean energy • Still in experimental stage, not common • Three types: – Waves energy – Tidal energy – Ocean thermal energy Docsity.com Renewable: Geothermal energy “Geo” -- earth ; “thermal” -- heat When the underground water is heated by magma, hot spring is formed. Sources: http://www.energy.ca.gov/education Cool Hot Very hot The steam can be used to turn generator for electricity. Sources: http://www.energy.ca.gov/education Hot spring Docsity.com Renewable: biomass energy • Biomass: – paper waste, trash, dead body, food waste, bark, sawdust and housing rubber, etc • Production of fuel during biological processes – e.g. fermentation – targets products: e.g. hydrogen and ethanol – they can be used for cars or generation of electricity Docsity.com Energy conservation[1] • Most of the energy resources we use now is NON- RENEWABLE. • If they are used up, they will be gone!!! • We can: – Save energy – Develop new energy resources Docsity.com Relevant Websites 1. Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, the Chinese Academy Of Sciences http://www.giec.ac.cn/ 2. The Consumer Council—How to conserve energy? http://www.consumer.org.hk/pamphlet/chinese/energ y.htm 3. Press release: Government and Hongkong Electric Sign Demand Side Management Agreement http://www.info.gov.hk/esb/refer/press/te971105.htm 4. Economic Services Bureau—Energy Supplies http://www.info.gov.hk/esb/chinese/respone/4.htm Docsity.com 5. Daily Information Bulletin -- Energy efficiency measures improve business competitiveness http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/199810/29/1029106.ht m 6. Daily Information Bulletin-- Energy Efficiency Labels for Electric Clothes Dryers http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/199912/27/1224103.ht m 7. Press release-- Energy Efficiency and Conservation Initiatives for 2000/01 http://www.info.gov.hk/efb/chinese/press/10022000.html 8. The Environmental Protection Department – Saving energy in your home http://www.info.gov.hk/epd/chinese/pub/tips/saveng.htm Docsity.com