Environmental Degradation and Health Effects of Industrial Animal Production, Slides of Marketing Management

Download Environmental Degradation and Health Effects of Industrial Animal Production and more Slides Marketing Management in PDF only on Docsity! 3 Photos source: USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. IAP Environmental Degradation   IAP (industrial animal production) contributes to the degradation of … -  Soil   Nutrient overloading -  Air   Chemical and biological contaminants   Greenhouse gas emissions -  Water   Nutrients   Pathogens   Ecosystem alterations   IAP can create significant negative public health effects Docsity.com 4 Causes of IAP Environmental Degradation   Monoculture crop production for animal feed -  Unsustainable water usage and soil degradation associated with feed production   Pesticide production and application   Transportation of feed and animals   Sub-therapeutic use of antibiotics   Animal waste -  Large volumes of animal waste produced in localized areas -  Lack of appropriate waste management and disposal Docsity.com 7 Source: Adapted from Walker et al. (2005). Source/Effect Paradigm   Source-to-effect diagram illustrating the role of IAP facilities as a source of hazardous agents whose emission impacts environmental quality of air, water, and soil, and creates conditions for biological exposure and adverse health outcomes in affected animal and human populations Docsity.com 8 Antibiotic Use in Animal Feeds   Nearly 70 percent of antibiotics sold in the U.S. are used in animals   Administered at sub-therapeutic levels for growth promotion   Poorly absorbed by the animal gut, from 25 to 75 percent excreted unaltered in feces   The hundreds of millions of tons of animal waste produced in the U.S. per year are a large source of antibiotics and antibiotic- resistant bacteria in the environment Docsity.com 9 Zoonotic Microorganisms   World Health Organization definition of zoonoses: “those diseases and infections which are naturally transmitted between vertebrate animals and man” Docsity.com