Environmental Impacts of Agriculture and Urbanization, Exams of Nursing

Download Environmental Impacts of Agriculture and Urbanization and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! 1 Monoculture decreases the use of chemicals. • Agriculture does not change the natural environment. • Agroecosystems have low species and habitat diversity. • Agroecosystems are similar to natural ecosystems. • Acidic runoff from abandoned mines contains lead and mercury that saturate the soil. • A factory’s wastewater pipe opens directly over a nearby river. • Landscapers' fertilizers and pesticides are sprayed on the lawns of a neighborhood. • Litter and pet waste are left on a city’s beaches. • 1 Which statement about agroecosystems is true? CONCEPT Agriculture Impacts 2 Of the options below, which is an example of a point source of water pollution? CONCEPT Water Pollution 3 Which of the following is true about the ecological footprints of the U.S. and developing countries? 2 The U.S. standard of living requires 15 hectares of land per person, but a developing nation’s standard of living requires 10 hectares of land per person. • • 5 Massive algal blooms • Contaminated bodies of water • A lack of nutrients in the soil • Poisoning of aquifers • Agriculture uses 52% of freshwater, industry uses 27% and households use 21%. • Agriculture uses 70% of freshwater, industry uses 19% and households use 11%. • Agriculture uses 40% of freshwater, industry uses 57% and households use 3%. • Agriculture uses 75% of freshwater, industry uses 17% and households use 8%. • CONCEPT Water Supply 6 Which of the following is NOT a consequence from the runoff of fertilizers into the water supply? CONCEPT Fertilizers and Pesticides 7 Which of the following is true about water availability? CONCEPT Water Availability 8 Choose the statement about water on Earth that is NOT true. 6 Only about 1% of freshwater is easily available for human use. • • 7 Combustion • Ocean dumping • Composting • Landfills • Quinton practices no-till farming to maintain the fertility of the soil. • Sally rotates crops regularly to help prevent pest outbreaks. • Sadie uses natural processes to stimulate the formation of new topsoil. • • Water covers approximately 70% of the Earth’s surface. • Approximately 3% of freshwater is found in glaciers. • 97% of Earth’s water is in the oceans. CONCEPT Water 9 Scientists discover that fish have abnormally high levels of lead in their bodies. Which type of waste disposal most likely caused this phenomenon? CONCEPT Solid Waste 10 Which of the following is an example of a regenerative agricultural practice? 10 13 11 Levels of biodiversity • Temperature of the earth’s surface • Overexploitation of fish populations • Flooding and drought • John and Cheryl want to avoid using pesticides as much as possible on their farm. They rotate crops to disrupt insect mating cycles and introduced some common pests’ natural predators into their fields. Their neighbor is trying to keep pests from their crops and gardens too, so they ask John and Cheryl for advice. Of the options listed below, which suggestion is the most effective method for environmentally friendly pest control? • Plant aromatic herbs to serve as a natural deterrent to pests. • Use only genetically modified seeds. • Plant several plots of vegetables so one pest can’t destroy all of them. • Use compost and other organic farming methods to provide pest protection. CONCEPT Fertilizers and Pesticides 14 Which of the following is currently decreasing because of human population growth and its associated impacts? CONCEPT Population Growth Solutions 12 15 15 Subsistence crops include tobacco, rice and latex. • Wheat, rice and corn are the dominant crops. • Rice and corn provide most human caloric needs. • Potatoes and corn are examples of subsistence crops. • Choose the concern that is NOT a probable impact of building a dam. • Introduction of invasive species • Flash floods • Habitat fragmentation • Loss of natural flooding cycles CONCEPT Water Supply 18 Which statement below is NOT true about agricultural crops? CONCEPT Agriculture Practices 19 Select the example that describes an economic cause of famine. 16 A corporation introduces a new fertilizer that makes the soil more fertile. • A group of people are stranded in a desert area that provides no food. • War breaks out in a country and farmers are called to serve in the military. • 17 The waste water will be diluted before it reaches the lake. • Algal growth in the water will increase, eventually decreasing the oxygen supply of the lake's fish. • The polluted water can break a link in the aquatic food chain. • Drinking the lake water can cause disease. • • A poor country doesn’t have access to technology that makes irrigation easier. CONCEPT World Nutrition 20 A septic tank was not installed properly and waste water has risen above ground and flows toward a nearby lake. Which of the following is NOT likely to be a result of this occurrence? CONCEPT Water Pollution 21 Which of the following is true about water supply and demand? 20 The city converts an old factory downtown into affordable housing for young people. • • Which of the examples below describes an effort to address urban sprawl through urban green space? 21 CONCEPT Addressing Urban Sprawl A new restaurant is constructed on a lot on the edge of town, bypassing several vacant lots within the city. • The city razes a former dry cleaners downtown, cleans up the chemicals in the soil and builds a sculpture garden. • A small city maintains a park and forest within its downtown as new businesses build around it.