Acid-Base Concepts: Brønsted Acids and Bases, Conjugate Acids and Bases, Acid Strength - P, Study notes of Chemistry

Download Acid-Base Concepts: Brønsted Acids and Bases, Conjugate Acids and Bases, Acid Strength - P and more Study notes Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity! 8/26/2016 1 Announcements: Friday, August 26, 2016 Homework Sapling HW 1- Due Monday, August 29 at 11:00 PM Recitation Next Week Complete the Pre-Recitation Equilibrium – Weak and Strong Acids Lab Next Week Lab Check In and Introduction to Acids Complete the Pre-Lab CLASS Complete for class credit. Watch for personalized link in an email. Reading & Suggested Textbook Questions Continue Chapter 18. Lecture only students- go by Ekeley M149 by 4:30 PM TODAY to complete the Concept Survey! Which of the following are Brønsted acids? I. HCl II. H2O III. CH4 August 26, 2016 - CT#1 A. HCl B. H2O C. CH4 D. HCl and H2O E. HCl and CH4 l All contain H’s in their formulas but only HCl and H2O will donate a proton, H+. Acid-Base Clarification All Arrhenius acids and bases are Brønsted- Lowry acids and bases. Acid definitions are the same. Forms H+ (H3O +) in water = H+ donor. HF + H2O ⇄ H3O + + Br- Arrhenius base forms OH- in water and OH- is a H+ acceptor = Brønsted-Lowry base. NaOH → Na+ + OH- OH- + H+ ⇄ H2O Arrhenius Acids & Bases Brønsted-Lowry Acids & Bases Acidic H must be bound to a highly electronegative atom (highly polar bond). Ex. HCl, HO, HF Non-acidic H’s: Ex. H-C (nonpolar bonds). Brønsted Acids and Bases Think about the structure of the molecule formed (conjugate base). Remember that resonance will stabilize it. Not all bonded H’s are acidic. O H C O H H O H C C O H H Formic Acid Acetic Acid Acid + Base Base + Acid H3O +/H2O Conjugate acid/base pair HF/F– Conjugate acid/base pair Conjugate acid-base pair- an acid and a base that differ by only one proton. Amphiprotic- a substance that acts as an acid and a base. Ex. H2O H3O + ⇄ H2O ⇄ OH – H3O + + F– ⇄ H2O + HF Brønsted Acids and Bases