essay finals for each chapter, Assignments of Philosophy

Download essay finals for each chapter and more Assignments Philosophy in PDF only on Docsity! Layan Alhasan Dr. Liz BIO6-1110-04 18 September 2023 Summary #3 1. I would explain to my friend that everyone, regardless of their fitness goals, needs protein in their diet. Protein isn't just for building big muscles. It serves many essential functions in the body, including repairing tissues, making enzymes and hormones, and supporting the immune system. Without enough protein, the body can't function optimally, and it can lead to various health issues. Amino acids and nucleic acids are not the same. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, while nucleic acids are the building blocks of genetic materials like DNA and RNA. Proteins are essential for various bodily functions, while nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information. It's like comparing bricks (amino acids) used to build a house (protein) to a blueprint (nucleic acids) used to design the house. They serve different roles in the body. 2. amino acids vs nucleic acids Amino Acids: • Monomers: Amino acids are the monomers or individual units that make up proteins. There are 20 different types of amino acids found in the body. • Structure: Each amino acid consists of an amino group (NH2), a carboxyl group (COOH), and a unique side chain (R group). The R group varies among different amino acids. • Function: Amino acids are primarily involved in building and repairing tissues, enzyme production, hormone regulation, and immune system support. Nucleic Acids: • Monomers: Nucleic acids are made up of nucleotides, which are their monomers. Nucleotides consist of a phosphate group, a sugar molecule (deoxyribose or ribose), and a nitrogenous base (adenine, cytosine, guanine, or thymine/uracil). • Structure: Nucleic acids exist as long chains or polymers of nucleotides. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) are two primary types of nucleic acids, with differences in sugar molecules and nitrogenous bases. • Function: Nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information. DNA contains the instructions for building and maintaining an organism, while RNA plays a role in protein synthesis. • Tissue Repair: Proteins are essential for repairing and maintaining tissues in the body. This is crucial for overall health, not just muscle development. • Enzymes and Hormones: Many critical enzymes and hormones, which regulate various bodily processes, are made from proteins. For example, insulin is a protein hormone that controls blood sugar levels. • Immune System: Antibodies, which are proteins, are crucial for immune defense against infections and diseases. • Transport: Proteins help transport essential molecules like oxygen (hemoglobin) and lipids (lipoproteins) throughout the body. • Structure: Proteins provide structural support in tissues, including collagen in skin and bones. • Energy: In the absence of carbohydrates and fats, proteins can be used as an energy source. 4. Learning more about proteins has been fascinating because they are incredibly diverse and versatile in their functions. They are the workhorses of the body, carrying out essential tasks, and their structures are precisely encoded by our genes. Understanding proteins is not only important for