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Republic of the Philippines Department of Education REGION VIII SCHOOLS DIVISION OF NORTHERN SAMAR CATARMAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY & POLITICS QUARTER 1 – Week 5 OUTLINE SOCIALIZATION AND ENCULTURATION CONFORMITY AND DEVIANCE Content Standards : The learners demonstrate an understanding of : 1. how individuals learn culture and become competent members of society how individuals learn culture and become competent members of society 2. how individuals should behave as part of a political community Performance Standard : 1. identify norms and values to be observed in interacting with others in society, and the consequences of ignoring these rules 2. assess the rules of social interaction to maintain stability of everyday life and the role of innovation in response to problems and challenges Most Essential Learning Competencies : Explain the context, content, processes, and consequences of socialization. (UCSP 11/12HSOIIe-16)- (MELC-Week 5) At the end of this outline, you should be able to: Socialization and Enculturation 1. Identify the context, content, processes, and consequences of socialization and enculturation (UCSP 11/12HSOIIe-16); 2. Identify the social goals and the socially acceptable means of achieving these goals (UCSP 11/12HSOIIe-17); and 3. Advocate inclusive citizenship (UCSP 11/12HSOIIe-18).  Ref : ADM Q1-M8) Conformity and Deviance At the end of this module, you should be able to: 1. Identify the social goals and the socially acceptable means of achieving these goals (UCSP11/12BMS-Ih-17). ******************************************* SALVADOR M. DINO - CORAZON P. DINO Subject Teachers Source: Palispis, Epitacio S. (2007) Schaefer (2012) delineates cultural values as collective conceptions of what is considered good, desirable, and proper- or bad, undesirable and improper. It reveals on what preferences people should pursue which are vital for their continued existence. With the favorable norms and values in a society, all people are expected to conform, follow and practice them. C. Statuses and Roles Status is any position that an individual can occupy in society. It is not a ranked position, but simply a label that implies certain roles that must be performed (Newman, 2012). For example, one can be a student, singer, or a computer genius. Though some statuses are generally recognized as prestigious, prestige like beauty is certainly relative or depends in the eye of the beholder (Santarita and Madrid, 2016). Social Statuses can be classified into two: Ascribed Statuses Achieved Statuses * assigned to the individual from * acquired by choice, merit, or birth such as age and sex individual effort * involve little personal choice like * made possible through special age and sex abilities or talents, performance or opportunities * carry with them certain * choice in occupation, expectations of behavior marriage, joining a religious organization are examples Source: Panopio, et. Al. (1994) Role, on the other hand, involves the pattern of expected behavior in a social relationship with one or more persons occupying other statuses. (Panopio, 1994). It is what the individual is expected to do, given his status. This involves inclusive citizenship, in which the citizens are given a strong feeling that they are a part of the overall society. By making the citizens feel that the government values their viewpoints, the people are then motivated to participate in the elections, civic participation, and military service. Ref : UCSP – ADM - Q1 – M8 – Cagayan CONFORMITY AND DEVIANCE Conformity and Deviance (UCSP11/12BMS-Ih-17) , Q1 – M9 – Cagayan The society is composed of people who play different roles in order to attain economic development as well as peace and stability. The role and interaction of different agents of socialization are very important in the holistic development of every individual. This module contains some activities that can help students recognize on various social processes of becoming a member of society and identify social goals as well as the socially appropriate means to realize these goals, campaign for inclusive citizenship, and embrace protection of human dignity, rights and the common good. Let the learning begin. At the end of this module, you should be able to: 1. Identify the social goals and the socially acceptable means of achieving these goals (UCSP11/12BMS-Ih-17). In the previous lesson, we learned about socialization and enculturation. As a continuation, our next lesson will focus on conformity and deviance. You will study how an individual’s learn culture and become competent members in the society. You will also identify norms and values to be observed in interacting with others in society, and the consequences of ignoring the rules. A. Social Control Merriam Webster Dictionary defines conformity as an action in accordance with some specified standard or authority. This indicates that conformity is a type of social influence through which group members come to share similar beliefs and standards of behavior. According to Saluba, Dennis J. et al. (2016), one conforms if he or she chooses a course of action that a majority favors or that which is socially acceptable. Oppositely, the person deviates when he or she performs a course of action that is not socially acceptable or that majority finds unfavorable. To prevent the occurrence of deviant behavior, there has to be an effective means of social control. Schaefer (2012) refers social control as the techniques and strategies for preventing deviant behavior n any society. Merriam-Webster dictionary denotes social control as the rules and standards of society that circumscribe individual action through the inculcation of conventional sanctions and the imposition of formalized mechanisms. B. Forms of Deviance There are people who do not conform to the standard norms. They have failed to choose an action that is generally acceptable. Banaag (2012) refers social deviance as any behavior that differs or diverges from established social norms. Some of its functions include the following: Functions of Deviance Serves as outlet for diverse forms of expressions Serves to define the limits of acceptable behavior May promote in-group solidarity Source: Palispis, Epitacio S. (2007) Baleña, E. et. al. (2016) cited the Strain Theory of Robert Merton which states that in an unequal society the tension or strain between socially approved goals and an individual’s ability to meet these goals through socially approved means will lead to deviance as the individual reject either the goals, the means, or both. Palispis, E.S. (2007) enumerated the forms of deviance of Robert Merton that emerged from Strain Theory: a. Conformity- involves accepting both the cultural goal of success and the use of legitimate means for achieving that goal. (Example: Norman is from a traditional family in the countryside who needs to finish senior high school. He lives in the city with relatives and his daily life involves gadgets and city fashion. He goes with it but he never forgets his positive family values.) b. Innovation- accepts the goal of success but eliminating the use of socially accepted means of achieving it. (Norman doesnot take the usual 3 day meal to save money. He only eats twice a day.)