Ethers: Definition, Synthesis, and Reactions, Quizzes of Chemistry

Download Ethers: Definition, Synthesis, and Reactions and more Quizzes Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Ether DEFINITION 1 Ether is a class of organic compounds that contain an ether group - an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl or aryl groups - of general formula R-O-R. TERM 2 How to Make an Ether? DEFINITION 2 Alkoxide + Haloalkane Alkoxide = Nucleophile that contains oxygen and carbon chain Haloalkane = alkane with a halogen except [ F] TERM 3 What to do with Ethers? DEFINITION 3 If you react them with a strong acid you can make acid and two haloalkanes. TERM 4 Strong acids DEFINITION 4 H-Cl H-Br H-I [hydrogenated halogens] and H2SO4 Note: In the presence of a strong acid a molecule will first protonate. Protonations will make the molecule more electrophilic and better leaving group TERM 5 Bases DEFINITION 5 Take a proton [ H+] Note: A base will take a proton from the molecule and make it a better nucleophile. TERM 6 The more electronegative and atom is the more acidic it is! DEFINITION 6 Acids give up protons Acids can hold electrons better Electronegative atoms can hold electrons better For this reason electronegative atoms are more acidic TERM 7 Which is the electrophile DEFINITION 7 If the atom with a positive charge has a complete octet then the neighboring carbon will be the elctrophile If the molecule has an incomplete octet then it will be the electrophile TERM 8 Assymetrical Ether + Strong Acid DEFINITION 8 We observe two of the different haloalkanes form + water TERM 9 Symmetric Ether + Strong Acid DEFINITION 9 We observe two of the same haloalkanes form + water TERM 10 Alkoxide + Tertiary Haloalkane DEFINITION 10 The tertiary haloalkane requires the reactions to undergo E2 because of steric hindrance. For this reason it will form an alkene and not an ether.