ЭУМК "City life" english, Exercises of American Language

Download ЭУМК "City life" english and more Exercises American Language in PDF only on Docsity! HUSTLE AND BUSTLE OF CITY LIFE Topical Vocabulary city-dwellers residential areas commuting downtown rush-hours request bus stop traffic jams compulsory bus stop traffic lights to get on (off) the bus crowded to catch a bus to be at a premium the suburbs cost of living route exorbitant rents fares traffic fumes single-decker bus flow of traffic double-decker bus to get on (off) the bus to travel in and out to come to a standstill Tube urban areas destination rural areas destination, signs means of transport distance zebra crossing Vocabulary Exercises Ex. 1. Complete the sentences, using the prompts. 1 Traffic lights are used to … wait. 2 A green light in our country means … go, cross. 3 A green light in England means … regulate the traffic. 4 A light in England says … pedestrian. 5 A red light means … go, cross. 6 The most common cars are … stop. 7 A person walking in a street is a … the family saloon, the state car and the sports car. Ex. 2. Choose words which can go with the following nouns. 1 city a) many – storeyed, of modern design, made of brick 2 road/ street b) deep, stormy, calm 3 traffic c) of the latest model, new 4 car d) heavy, dense, you can regulate it 5 sea e) wide, narrow, one – way, busy 6 building f) big, densely populated Ex. 3 Put the objects in correct order of size beginning with the smallest. Model Answer: hamlet, village, town, capital 1 metropolis, city, village, town 2 lake, sea, river, pool 3 avenue, street, alley, lane 4 car, coach, bus, bicycle 5 continent, country, county, housing estate 6 house, villa, palace, castle Ex. 4. Fill in the missing word. 1 There is a lot of traffic at 8 o'clock in the morning. It's very ... . 2 The highest ... of traffic is during the ... hours. 3 We took a taxi from the railway ... to the air … . 4 Use the map to find the best … . 5 Your fair depends on your … . 6 There are … near the platform that show you which stations you can get to from that platform. 7 Some lines are divided into ... which finish in different places. 8 ... on the London underground are not fixed, but are proportional to the ... travelled. 9 When you're using public transport, always keep your ... until the end of your journey. You may be asked to show it at any time. 10 If you've left something on public transport you'd visit a ... . destination, signs, distance, lost property office, dense, density, terminus, rush, terminal, route, branch lines, fares Ex. 5. What's the difference between the following pairs of words? Put them in the correct sentences to find in out. 1) a road and a street; 4) a street and an avenue; The argument: key words 1 “Avoid rush-hour”: slogan of every large city; no one does. 2 Happens twice a day. 3 Trains packed; streets crowded; bus queues; traffic jams; buses full. 4 Commuting stretches man’s resources. 5 Unforeseen events (e.g. power-cut, heavy snowfall): chaos. 6 People actually choose such conditions. 7 Large modem cities too big to control. 8 Impose their own living conditions on people. 9 City-dwellers: unnatural way of life. 10 Lose touch with land, rhythms of nature. 11 Air-conditioned existence: barely conscious of seasons: flowers: spring; leaves: autumn. 12 Simple good things (e.g. sunlight, fresh air) at a premium. 13 Distinction day, night is lost; always noise, traffic. 15 Expensive “privilege”. 15 Accommodation: house of your own impossible; rents high. 16 Cost of living in general high. 17 Lack of security: cities breed crime and violence; houses often burgled. 18 Cities not fit to live in; man born for country. The counter-argument: key words 1 Most people love cities: proof: man is fleeing from countryside. 2 Modern man too sophisticated for simple country pleasures. 3 It’s enough to visit countryside at week-ends. Objections to city living are unconvincing: 4 Commuting does not really affect those who live in cities; a small in- convenience only. 5 Noise, traffic, etc., hardly noticeable; people easily adapt. 6 Very small minority of city-dwellers ever involved in crime, violence. 7 Many reasons why city life is preferable: 8 Good to be near one’s friends; never cut off by weather conditions. 9 Life is never dull; always something to do. 10 Cities offer high concentration of good things in life: big stores, restaurants, theatres, cinemas, galleries, etc. 11 Services are always better: better schools, more amenities (e.g. swimming- pools, etc.). 12 More chances of employment; greater range of jobs; more opportunity to succeed in life. Text 2 Ex. 1. Read the text and decide whether the statements below are true or false according to the passage. Small Towns and Big cities Today people all over the world are moving out of small towns in the country to go and live in big, noisy cities. They are moving from the peaceful hills, mountains, fields, rivers and streams of the countryside to the busy world of streets, buildings, traffic and crowds. This movement from rural areas to urban areas had been going on for over two hundred years. In many countries, the main reason why people come to live in towns and cities is work. After one or two large factories or businesses have been built in or near a city, people come to find work, and soon an industrial area begins to grow. There is usually a residential area nearby, where the factory workers can live. The families of these workers need schools, hospitals and stores, so more people come to live in the area to provide these services - and so a city grows. In every major city in the world, there is a business district where the big companies have their main offices. In the United States, this is usually in the down-town area of the city. It is here that you can see the huge sky-scrapers containing many floors of offices. The people who work here often travel a long way to work each day. Many of them live in the suburbs of the city, far away from the industrial and business areas. Some suburbs are very pleasant, with nice houses and big yards. There are usually parks for children to play in and large department stores in shopping malls where you can buy all you need. But what is the future of the big cities? Will they continue to get bigger and bigger? Maybe not. Some major cities have actually become smaller in the last ten years, and it is quite possible that one day we will see people moving out of the major cities and back into small towns. 1. Many people from small towns go to live in big cities. 2. Urban areas contain mainly hills, mountains, rivers and streams. 3. Many people go to live in urban areas to find work. 4. Factories are built inside Urban areas 5. Business districts are usually in the downtown area of the city. 6. Workers often live in skyscrapers in the suburbs. 7. The suburbs of a city usually contain more trees and parks than the downtown areas. 8. The movement from country to city will definitely continue in the future. • Do you live in a rural area, a town, or a big city? Where would you like to live? Explain why? Text 3 Ex. 1. Read the text. London Buses If you like looking at places and people, travel by bus. Buses don’t go very fast in the centre of London, because there is always so much traffic, but that doesn’t matter if you are on holiday. Normal London buses are red and double-deckers. They have a driver and a conductor. There are two sorts of bus-stop: compulsory and request. A compulsory bus-stop sign means that all the buses stop here. A request bus-stop sign means that a bus only slops here if someone wants to get on or off. The request bus-stop sign is red. If you want to catch a bus at a request stop, put your hand out. To find out where a bus is going, look at the sign on the front, the side, or the back of the bus. Some of the places on the route, and the final destination of the bus, are shown here. You will find a full list of the places on the bus route on a notice at the bus- slop. When you’ve got on the bus, the conductor says: “Fares, please!” You say where you want to go; he tells you how much to pay; you pay him and he gives you a ticket. There are other stops of buses in London, too. The red single-decker buses are called Red Arrows. They have a driver hut no conductor. You pay the same price for a short journey as for a long one. The green buses are called the Green Line. These buses cross London, but they don’t stop very often. They are mainly for people who live a little way out of London and who travel in and out. Ex. 2. Find answers to the following questions: 1) What is the difference between request and compulsory bus stops? 2) What sorts of buses are described in the text? Ex. 3. Make up situations based on the text using the following words and word – combinations: to get on (off) the bus; to catch a bus; to find out; to find; to call; within; traffic; the suburbs. Text 4 Ex. 1. Read the text and answer the questions after it. The Tube masculinity. But when you are stuck in a traffic jam, all cars are just little metal boxes to sit in. (…) The people who believe in roads say that cars represent a personal choice to travel when and where you want to. But on trains and buses - public transport -you have to travel when the timetable says you can. These people think that if you build more roads, the traffic will move more quickly, but research shows that if there are more roads, there will be more cars to fill them. (…) One characteristic of the people of the twentieth century is that we are a race on the move. But it is just possible that soon we won’t be able to move another inch, and we’ll have to stay exactly where we are! (…) By 2010, the number of cars on our roads will double. Environmentalists are saying that we should put more money into public transport. Cars often carry just one person. If the public transport system works, more people will use it. If trains carry more people, the roads won’t be so crowded, and cars pollute the air more than trains. (…) Speech Practice Ex. 1. Read, learn and act out. 1 - Excuse me, sir. Which is the right / shortest way to Scaryna Avenue / the railway station / the Central post-office / the Gorky Park, etc.? - Go down the street and then turn left / right / round. You'll see it. 2 - Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the Opera and Ballet House, please? - Have you got a map? - Oh, yes. - Right. You are here in Kupala street. Go straight ahead for two blocks. You’ll pass the bridge over the Svisloch, cross Kuibyshev street and there on the right you'll see a magnificent building in the park. There is a monument to M. Bogdanovich in front of it. You can't miss it. 3 - Excuse me, where is the underground station? - It's in front of you, miss! Next to the department store. - Oh. And how many stops are there to the Central station and what’s the fare? - Four stops, I think. The fare depends on the length of the journey. 4 - Excuse me, couia you nelp me'/ - Yes, of course, what's it? - Could you tell me the stop for the 51, please? - Yes, right. It's two hundred meters away on the right, near the book shop. - Thanks a lot. - That's OK. 5 - Excuse me, is there a bank in the hotel? - No, there isn't. But there is one in the next street. Turn left when you leave the hotel and take the first street to the left again. The bank is number 27. Ex. 2. Explain your friend how to get: — to 31 Kirov street; — from any suburb to the centre of the city; — from the centre of the city to the place you live; — to the central library; — from the railway station to the hotel Planeta\ — to the stadium; — to the airport. Ex. 3. Make up short dialogues using any of the following remarks and key questions. 1) Excuse me, I've lost my way. I'm trying to go to ... Which is the right way to ...? Please, show me the way to ... Am I on the right way (road) to ...? 2) How far is it? Is it possible to walk there? Is there a bus from here to...? Is it much of a walk? 3) You are going in the opposite direction. Go back to the end of the street, then turn left, go two blocks straight ahead and take the second turning to the right. 4) Now, where is it you want to go? It's a long distance off ... It’s a long (short) way to ... It's quite a distance from here. 5) Be careful, the traffic keeps to the left in this country. Look out. It isn’t safe to cross here. One can never be too careful. Wait for the break in the traffic. Don't cross the street when the traffic light has changed to red. Ex. 4. Act out the dialogues and answer the questions that follow as fully as possible. Taking a Taxi - Where is the nearest taxi-rank?... Are you free? - Yes, I'm. Get in, please. I’ll take care of the luggage. - The Russian Embassy, please. I've to be there by 10.30. Drive as fast as you can. Do you think you can get in time? - I can't promise, the traffic is heavy, but I'll do my best. We’ll be all right if the lights are with us. - Could you tell me how much it may cost? - I think about £ 5. The meter will indicate the exact fare to be paid. - Thank you. Here's the fare and you may keep the change. • Why wasn't the driver sure of getting in time? Finding the Way - Oh, hello, Brian. Pleased to meet you. Did you have a good day today? - Not bad, but I've got lost this morning. - How? - Well, I got up, had breakfast and went to the tube station as usual, but the station was closed, so I decided to take a taxi. I waited and waited and as there were no taxis around I started to walk but got lost... - Oh, no. What did you do? - Well, I tried to ask the way but everyone I met was a foreigner. It was terrible. Nobody understood me. - So what happened? - I walked round and suddenly I saw a sign for the Haymarket. The school is not far from there so I followed the sign and arrived just over an hour later. - What a pity. • How did Brian lose his way? On a Bus - Does bus 4 go to the railway station? - You'd better take bus 51 from the University. - Can you tell me where to get off ? - Yes, it`s quite away, yet, but I`ll tell you in good time. - Is bus 4 going the wrong way? - No, but it's on the half way from the railway station and you'll have either to walk or to change the bus at the History Museum. - How much further is the railway station? - I suppose it's in ten minute's walk. It's two stops after the History Museum. • Why did the stranger ask about the route of bus 4? In the Bus The Conductor: Full up, sorry. Jane: Oh, bother, and I’m late as it is. A messenger boy: Cheer up, miss, the next one's just round the comer. Jane: Good, I hope it takes us. The Conductor: Full up inside, five seats on top. The messenger boy: You see, miss, hop in. The Conductor: Hold tight. All fares, please. (At the next stop.) The Conductor: Standing room only ... no more, sorry. Any more fares, please! A gentleman (giving the conductor a shilling): An eight-penny ticket, please.