Term 1: Social Psychology Concepts and Experiments, Quizzes of Psychology

Download Term 1: Social Psychology Concepts and Experiments and more Quizzes Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 The Fundamental Attribution Error DEFINITION 1 Our tendency to make dispositional attributions for other people. TERM 2 Big Five Personality Traits DEFINITION 2 Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism TERM 3 Conformity DEFINITION 3 The tendency to change behavior to what we think is "normal" TERM 4 Normative Influence DEFINITION 4 The influence of other people that leads us to conform in order to be liked and accepted by them. TERM 5 Informational Influence DEFINITION 5 The influence by feeling that other people must have information that we don't. TERM 6 Self-Serving Bias DEFINITION 6 A self-serving bias, sometimes called a self-serving attributional bias, refers to individuals attributing their successes to internal or personal factors but attributing their failures to external or situational factors. TERM 7 Latent Evil DEFINITION 7 The universal potential for truly evil behavior in all humans. TERM 8 Diffusion of Responsibility DEFINITION 8 People are less likely to take action or feel a sense of responsibility in the presence of a large group of people. TERM 9 Random Assignment DEFINITION 9 Participants in the sample are randomly assigned to groups in experiment in order to ensure that the groups are all the same TERM 10 Random Sampling DEFINITION 10 How participants were recruited from the population into the sample to ensure that participants are representative of the population TERM 21 Negative Correlation DEFINITION 21 As one variable increases, the other one decreases. TERM 22 Independent Variable DEFINITION 22 The variable that is manipulated in an experiment. TERM 23 Dependent Variable DEFINITION 23 The variable that is measured to see if the independent variable had an effect. TERM 24 Naturalistic Observation DEFINITION 24 A researcher unobstrusively collects information without the participant's awareness. TERM 25 Structured Observation DEFINITION 25 Researchers can set up a situation and observe the participant's behavior. TERM 26 Self-Report DEFINITION 26 Participants are asked to provide information or responses to questions on a survey or structured assessment. TERM 27 Controlled Experiment DEFINITION 27 Researchers create a controlled environment in which they can carefully manipulate one variable to test its effect on another. TERM 28 Longitudinal DEFINITION 28 Researchers periodically collect data from the same participants over a long period of time TERM 29 Cross-Sectional DEFINITION 29 Researchers can gather participants of different ages and look for differences between the groups. TERM 30 Case Study DEFINITION 30 Research can conduct a detailed analysis of a particular person, group, business, etc. TERM 31 Archival DEFINITION 31 Researcher examines data that has already been collected for other purposes. TERM 32 Selection Bias DEFINITION 32 Whether intentionally or intentionally, a researcher creates groups within the study that are different in some way. TERM 33 Placebo Effect DEFINITION 33 When participants' minds cause them to experience what they expect to experience rather than what is really happening. TERM 34 Random Assignment DEFINITION 34 Assigning sampled participants to different groups in an experiment so that the groups are about the same. TERM 35 The Rosenthal Effect DEFINITION 35 A researcher's own expectations of what the results will be subconsciously influence the way that participants are treated. TERM 46 Informational Influence DEFINITION 46 Social proof, also known as informational social influence, is a psychological phenomenon where people assume the actions of others reflect correct behavior for a given situation. People know something that you don't know. TERM 47 Moderator DEFINITION 47 Factor that influences the relationship between two variables TERM 48 Mediator DEFINITION 48 Factor that explains the relationship between two variables TERM 49 Diffusion of Responsibility DEFINITION 49 People are less likely to take action or feel a sense of responsibility in the presence of a large group of people. TERM 50 Pluralistic Ignorance DEFINITION 50 A situation where the majority of group members privately reject a norm, but assume incorrectly that most others accept it. TERM 51 Latane & Darley's 5 Step Process of Helping DEFINITION 51 1. Notice the situation 2. Interpret the situation as an emergency 3. Assume responsibility 4. Believe in ability to help 5. Decide to help TERM 52 Depersonalization DEFINITION 52 To take away from the extent that someone is thought of as a person.