Key Figures in Ecosystem Ecology and Soil Science, Quizzes of Biology

Download Key Figures in Ecosystem Ecology and Soil Science and more Quizzes Biology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Joseph Priestly DEFINITION 1 1733-1804Investigation of carbon dioxideco-discovery of oxygenphotosynthesis TERM 2 Justis von Liebig DEFINITION 2 1803-1873Law of the Minimum: growth is not controlled by the total of resources available, but by the scarcest resource (limiting factor)pail and slats TERM 3 Vladimir Vernadsky DEFINITION 3 1863-1945Living matter only exists in the biosphere (including troposphere, the oceans, and a thin layer of earth's crust)life on earth influences processes that shape the surface, ocean and soil chemistry, atmospheric composition and climate TERM 4 Hutchinson and Lindeman DEFINITION 4 Energy flowtrophic dyamics TERM 5 Odum and Odum DEFINITION 5 developed a systems approach to ecosystem ecologyused radioactive tracers to measure the movement of energy and material through ecosystemsEP Odum founded Institute of Ecology in '66, later becoming the only stand-alone school of ecology in 2007 TERM 6 Golley DEFINITION 6 whole system perspectivehow we think about ecosystems TERM 7 Hubbard Brook DEFINITION 7 Case studytesting watershed conceptsherbicide treatments as an answer to water shortage? initial increase due to loss of plant life then declined because transitional environments are more productive than stable forest also saw a spike in nitrate levels, stream pH, and temp TERM 8 Schindler's Experimental _____s DEFINITION 8 Lakestested for eutrophication using whole lakes and half lakes (separated by vinyl curtain)Added N, C, P to one side and N and C to the otherside with P had an algal bloom TERM 9 Dr. Pamela Matson DEFINITION 9 Yaqui Valley Case Studyhighest crop production because of fertilization methods flood fields and then pump ammonia into it, causing all the weeds to germinate early and then they would till it would cause algal blooms in the gulf of californiafarmers could use less ammonia (more cost effective) and get better yields TERM 10 ILTER DEFINITION 10 International Long Term Ecological Researcha network of networksfocus on long-term, site-based research TERM 21 Cl O R P T DEFINITION 21 Factors that affect soil formationClimateOrganismsReliefParent MaterialTime TERM 22 Soil Horizons DEFINITION 22 O--loose and partly decayed organic matterA--mineral matter mixed with some humusE--light colored (bleached) mineral particlesB--accumulation of clay TERM 23 Granular Soil Structure DEFINITION 23 resembles cookie crumblesfound in surface horizons where roots have been growing TERM 24 Blocky Soil Structure DEFINITION 24 irregular blocks that are usually 1.5-5 cm in diameter TERM 25 Prismatic Soil Structure DEFINITION 25 vertical columns of soil that might be a number of cm longlower horizons TERM 26 Columnar Soil Structure DEFINITION 26 vertical columns of soil that have a salt cap at the toparid climate soils TERM 27 Platy Soil Structure DEFINITION 27 thin, flat plates of soil that lie horizontallyusually found in compact soil TERM 28 Single Grained Soil Structure DEFINITION 28 Soil is broken into individual parts that do not stick togethersand TERM 29 Alfisol DEFINITION 29 semi-arid to moist areasunder forest or mixed vegetative coverproductive for most crops10% of land cover TERM 30 Andisol DEFINITION 30 volcanic1% of ground cover TERM 31 Entisol DEFINITION 31 areas of recently deposited parent material or where erosion rates are faster than rate of soil developmentdunes, steep slopes, flood plains16% TERM 32 Gelisol DEFINITION 32 permafrosthigh latitude and high elevations9% TERM 33 Histosol DEFINITION 33 waterloggedhigh organic matter content1% TERM 34 Inceptisol DEFINITION 34 semi-arid to humid environmentsmoderate degree of soil weathering and development17% TERM 35 Mollisols DEFINITION 35 grasslandsdark surface horizon7%