Key Concepts in Genetics, Genomics, Proteomics, and Bioinformatics: Definitions, Quizzes of Genetics

Download Key Concepts in Genetics, Genomics, Proteomics, and Bioinformatics: Definitions and more Quizzes Genetics in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Genetics DEFINITION 1 Study of genes, heredity, and how genotypes affect phenotypes TERM 2 Allelic DEFINITION 2 normal & mutant beta genes are alike TERM 3 allele DEFINITION 3 alternative forms of a gene TERM 4 genotype DEFINITION 4 set of alleles for a given trait TERM 5 genomics DEFINITION 5 studies of structure, function, & evolution of genes and genomes TERM 6 proteomics DEFINITION 6 studies of the functions of many/all proteins at the same time TERM 7 bioinformatics DEFINITION 7 developing software & algorithms to process, store, and analyze biological data TERM 8 DNA DEFINITION 8 genetic material- info that's passed on influences the form & characteristics of each individual TERM 9 Genetic Material DEFINITION 9 must be able to store info, express info, replicate and mutate TERM 10 helicase DEFINITION 10 unwinds DNA TERM 21 Short tandem repeats (STR) DEFINITION 21 most commonly analyzed-1000s of loci that are spread throughout the genome TERM 22 initiation DEFINITION 22 sigma factor binding site-RNA polymerase holoenzyme recruited to promoter thru sigma factor TERM 23 elongation DEFINITION 23 sigma needs to dissociate via the 5' to 3' RNA polymerization activity of the RNA plymerase holoenzyme TERM 24 termination DEFINITION 24 pausing RNA polymerase TERM 25 hairpin loop DEFINITION 25 transcript elongation continues past terminator. inverted repeats in transcript form hairpin. RNA polymerase comes off due to hindrance TERM 26 termination factor DEFINITION 26 Rho-certain sequence causes termination TERM 27 Self slicing introns (group 1) DEFINITION 27 Present in bac, euk, MT, chloroplasts, NOT vertebrates TERM 28 requires protein introns (group 2) DEFINITION 28 present in ba, MT, chloro TERM 29 pre RNA, requires proteins (group 3) DEFINITION 29 euk TERM 30 triplet code DEFINITION 30 every 3 nucleotides = 1 codon = amino acid TERM 31 unambiguous DEFINITION 31 each codon = one amino acid TERM 32 degenerate DEFINITION 32 nucleotide in the protein coding region is part of one triplet TERM 33 co-linear DEFINITION 33 all codons in a gene go in same direction