Exam 1 solved Questions - History of Architecture - Fall 2007 | ARCH 3115, Exams of History of Architecture

Download Exam 1 solved Questions - History of Architecture - Fall 2007 | ARCH 3115 and more Exams History of Architecture in PDF only on Docsity! 1 FIRST EXAM Architecture 3115 Survey of Architectural History September 20, 2007 (7 Pages) M. Schneider In taking this exam I pledge to abide by all the provisions of the VA Tech honor code. (please return exam with your answer sheet.) Correct Answers are indicated by a ! next to the number. __________________________________________________________ Signature Note: Each question has only one correct answer. 1. Which one of the following is true? 1!. The oldest man-made dwellings pre-date the arrival of homo sapiens. 2. The oldest man-made dwellings post-date the arrival of homo sapiens. 3. The oldest man-made dwellings are coincident in time with the arrival of homo sapiens. 4. The oldest man-made dwellings were created by Piltdown man. 2. Which one of the following is a plausible explanation of the primary astronomical orientation of Stonehenge? 1. Stonehenge is oriented toward toward Mars because the red planet was thought to insure fertility. 2. Stonehenge was used to keep track of the phases of Venus. 3. Stonehenge is oriented toward the place where Haley’s comet first appeared. 4!. Stonehenge is oriented toward the position of the sun at solstice on the eastern horizon. 3. This structure, located at Ur in present-day Iran, is called a __________________. 1. Mastaba, 2!. Ziggurat, 3. Step pyramid, 4.Urratus 4. The building on top of this structure was a______. 1!. Temple, 2. Church, 3. Step pyramid, 4. Mastaba 5. The building on top of this structure was considered_________________. 1. A place where the congregation could meet their God. 2. A residence for priests. 3!. A house in which a god was invited to reside. 4. A symbol of the common people. 6. Who was buried in this structure? 1. The king, 2. A pharaoh, 3. Urius, 4!. Nobody 7. This structure was built circa_______________. 1.100 BCE, 2.1000BCE, 3!.2000 BCE, 4. 3000BCE 8. It is highly probable that the Biblical Tower of Babel was, in fact a _________________________________. 1. Mastaba 2. Pyramid 3. Step pyramid 4!. Ziggurat 2 9. This structure, known as the Lyon Gate, marks the entrance to the Citadel at ___________________________. 1. Luxor, 2. Heliopolis, 3. Troy, 4!. Mycenae 10. It is probable that the “lions” were “decapitated” by ancient enemies in order to_________________________________. 1! Deactivate their spirits, 2. Insult the king. 3. Replace their heads with more realistic ones, 4. Turn the lions into Griffins. 11. The column in between the “lions” suggests a relationship to the______. 1. Egyptian culture, 2!. The Minoan culture of Crete, 3. The Greek culture, 4. The Mesopotamian culture of the Fertile Crescent 12. The Greeks thought the large stones of the Lyon Gate must have been built by a race of giants known as the________________. 1. Titans, 2. Trojans, 3!. Cyclops, 4. Caryatids 13. This tomb form, known as a_____________ was used by royal Mycenaean families. 1. Mastaba, 2!. Tholos or “bee hive” tomb 3. Conus, 4. Grave circle 14. As a precaution against grave robbers, the entrance cutting or dromos was____________________. 1. Dug deeper each year, 2. Filled with sharp rocks, 3. Filled with branches which could be set on fire, 4!. Filled with earth and sodded to blend with the surrounding hills. 15. This is a plan view of the _________________________. 1. Grave circle at Mycenae, 2. The Citadel at Troy, 3!. The storage complex at Knossos, 4. The fortress at Smyrna 16. Today, the upper parts of this complex are thought to have functioned as__________________________. 1!. A Minoan monastic complex, 2. A castle, 3. A residential complex, 4. A palace 17. In Greek mythology, these foundations are attributed to__. 1. The Gorgons, 2!. Daedalus, 3. Agamemnon, 4. A Cyclops 18. This mythical figure, __________, is also said to have designed the Labyrinth to contain the Minotaur. 1. King Minos, 2. Darius, 3. Ariadne, 4!. Daedalus 5 32. This illustration shows a reconstruction of an early Greek temple from about 800 BCE. Like the temples of many religions, its form is based on the____________________. 1. Typical tomb, 2. Typical church, 3. Typical barn, 4!. Typical dwelling 33. The opening above the door is called ___________________. 1!. An appearance window, 2. A clerestory, 3. A dormer, 4. An Oracle 34. During certain ceremonies this opening would be used by 1. A priest, 2. A member of the congregation, 3. An animal prepared for sacrifice, 4!. An oracle or someone representing the god to whom the temple was dedicated. 35. These structures were not translated into stone until__________. 1!. Economic conditions improved, 2. The priest gave his approval, 3. Architects began to design them. 4. Slaves could be obtained to do the construction. Questions 36 to 43 below apply to these elevations of the Doric and Ionic orders. The question numbers appear on the elevations. Please select the correct answer number below each of these questions. 36. From the four choices below, select the correct name for the bracketed elements. 1. architrave 2. cornice 3. stereobate 4!. frieze 6 37. This panel is called a…….. 1!. metope 2. volute 3. drum 4. acroteria 38. These stone elements are sometimes said to represent the ends of beams in ancient wooden temples. They have three ridges. 1. moulding 2. dado 3!. triglyph 4. Geison 39. This element is square in plan and forms the top of the column capital 1. cubicus 2. astragal 3!. abacus 4. platen 40. Vitruvius tells us that this spiral represents the coiled braid of a woman’s hair. It is called a…………… 1!. volute 2. cornet 3. omphalos 4. thingamajig 41. In early Greek temples, this part of the capital was sometimes very broad and spreading, as in the First Hera Temple at Paestum. 1. pandanus 2. ogee 3. mushroom 4!. echinus 42. This step on which the columns of a peripteral temple stand is called a ………….. Hint: the word stylus means a shaft-like writing instrument. 1. monobate , 2!. stylobate , 3. stereobate , 4. debate 43. This numbered bracket includes the architrave, the frieze and the cornice, but not the column. What is the term for this group of elements? 1. pediment 2. epistyle 3. peristyle 4!. entablature 44. Who was Vitruvius? 1!. A Roman architect who, around 20 BC, wrote the earliest treatise on the architecture to come down to us. 2. A Roman seismologist famous for discovering the architectural ruins at Pompeii. 3. A cousin of Daedalus who invented the saw by observing the skeleton of a fish. 4. A Roman architect who developed the system of building boat hulls with ribs. 45. The capital illustrated below is not an Ionic capital but an___________capital. 1. Composite 2. Doric 3!. Aeolic 4. Bug-eyed 7 46. In this view of the Acropolis in Athens, we see the Horns of Hymetos on the horizon with some conical hills in the foreground. According to Vincent Scully, what connection did the Horns and the hills have to the Acropolis? 1. They represented the Sea God, Poseidon, 2!. They represented the anatomy of an ancient fertility/snake goddess known from statues found on Crete, 3. They represented the waves on the Mediterranean sea, 4. They represented the Egyptian Sun God Re 47. According to Doxiadis the layout of the Acropolis in Athens is based on____________________________. 1. The 10 part Ionian system, 2. The 10 part Doric system, 3. The 12 part Ionian system, 4!. The 12 part Doric system 48. In the system used on the Acropolis, each building is subtended by an angle of ______________________. 1!. 30 degrees, 2. 36 degrees, 3. 72 degrees, 4. 60 degrees 49. Each of these angles is comprised of angles of_____. 1. 25 and 28 degrees, 2. 18 and 36 degrees, 3. 24 and 36 degrees, 4!. 12 and 18 degrees 50. The ratio of these two constituent angles represents the musical interval of the ______________in the Pythagorean theory of the Universal Harmony. 1. The octave (C to C’), 2!. The fifth (C to G), 3. The fourth (C to F), 4. The third (C to E)