Influences on Early Christianity: Terms and Concepts, Quizzes of Humanities

Download Influences on Early Christianity: Terms and Concepts and more Quizzes Humanities in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Influences on Christianity DEFINITION 1 -Greco-Roman -Near Eastern -Hebraic (hebrew and jewish religions) TERM 2 Numen/Numena DEFINITION 2 GRECO-ROMAN -Roman ___ _______ is spirit? "wise" ppl that would answer your Qs if you gave them a gifttolerant of other religions TERM 3 Nuo DEFINITION 3 ___means to nod the head*nod yes or no by offering sacrifices> making something sacred and holy for the gods. TERM 4 Mystery Cults DEFINITION 4 NEAR EAST -Mystery Cults *Isis, Cybele, Dionysus, Mithra - Ceremonies *Baptism, Communion, some strange stuff TERM 5 Hymn to Demeter DEFINITION 5 Hades takes Percemenes and Demeter can't find her daughter so then she neglects the world and the world become ugly and bleah. She goes to the mortal world because she needs to go find her daughter. Demeter turns human (disguise) takes care of boy but still sad and then the parents of boy make her laugh by saying some funny dirty things (Aischros Logos) Then they went to the underworld but they found Percemenes but they had sex so she is now married to Hades and has to spend part of year with husband and other part with her mom. which explains the seasons TERM 6 Mithraism DEFINITION 6 -From Persia -Judge, associated with light and good -Rites: including December 25th birth -Everlasting life -Woman not allowed TERM 7 Messiah (3 views) DEFINITION 7 -Sadducees: temporal spiritual and political Leader - Pharisees: Redeemer to lead the flock to salvation -Essenes: spiritual Teacher TERM 8 Jesus's Teaching DEFINITION 8 -Ethical Monotheistic -Pacific and Compassionate -Warns against materialism TERM 9 Paul DEFINITION 9 -Christianity spread slowly -Hellenized Jew (Saul) *Loves Persecuting Christians *Divine revelation; becomes Christian- Travels Greece, Asia Minor, Rome -Preaches to many non Jews -Wrote Epistles (letters) TERM 10 Edict of Milan DEFINITION 10 (Constantine) *Religious TolerationThe_______ was a letter signed by emperors Constantine I and Licinius that proclaimed religious toleration in the Roman Empire. TERM 21 Gregory DEFINITION 21 LATIN CHURCH FATHERS -Gregory: Administration (Missionaries) TERM 22 Augustine DEFINITION 22 LATIN CHURCH FATHERS -Augustine: Skilled Philosopher (Philosophy) TERM 23 Iconography DEFINITION 23 Identification and Interpretation of symbols TERM 24 ICHTHYS DEFINITION 24 (Jesus Christ Son of God Savior) ~ Iesto ~Christos ~Theou ~Yhuios ~Soter TERM 25 PAX DEFINITION 25 Peace TERM 26 Christian art DEFINITION 26 -Shift from Rationalism to Mysticism -View of women -Shift from Realism to Idealism TERM 27 Narthex DEFINITION 27 *Lobby, inside the bldg. but not in the best stuff TERM 28 Pendentives DEFINITION 28 Byzantine Architecture TERM 29 Mass: Credo DEFINITION 29 Credo, a song that is sung at Mass TERM 30 Gregorian Chant DEFINITION 30 -"plainsong" or "plainchant" melodies set to sacred Latin texts, sung a capella.GREGORY! TERM 31 Stupa DEFINITION 31 mound-like structure containingBuddhistrelics, typically the remains of Buddha, used by Buddhists as a place of worship. TERM 32 Chaitya DEFINITION 32 is aBuddhistorJainshrine including astupa.[1]In modern texts on Indian architecture, the termchaitya-grihais often used to denote assembly or prayer hall that houses a stupa. TERM 33 Pagoda DEFINITION 33 general term in theEnglish languagefor a tieredtowerwith multipleeavescommon inNepal,India,China,Japan,Korea,Vietnam,Burmaand other parts ofAsia. Some pagodas are used asTaoisthouses of worship. Most pagodas were built to have a religious function, most commonlyBuddhist, and were often located in or neartemples. TERM 34 Kaaba DEFINITION 34 is acuboid-shaped building inMecca,Saudi Arabia, and is themost sacred siteinIslam.[2]TheQur'anstates that the Kaaba was constructed byAbraham(Ibrahimin Arabic), and his sonIshmael(Ismaeel in Arabic), after the latter had settled inArabia. TERM 35 Five Pillars DEFINITION 35 1. confession - submission to God's will2. recitation - prayer 5 times a day, facing Mecca3. almsgiving - charity to the Islamic community4. fasting - from dawn to dusk during Ramadan5. pilgramage (hajj) - journey to Mecca at least once TERM 46 Islam vs. Christianity/Judaism DEFINITION 46 -Clearly theocratic-Material possessions not shunned-Often allowed non-believers to pay taxes instead of trying to convert them (with death)-Dietary restrictions-Almost no iconography TERM 47 Battle of Adrianople DEFINITION 47 Visigoths defeat the Roman Army-Eastern Emperor Valens is killed TERM 48 Fealty DEFINITION 48 -loyalty between the soldiers and their cheiftain-the practice of rewarding the warrior for service TERM 49 Trial by Ordeal DEFINITION 49 a primitive method of determining a person's guilt or innocence by subjecting the accused person to dangerous or painful tests believed to be under divine control; escape was usually taken as a sign of innocence TERM 50 Beowulf DEFINITION 50 -3,000 line epic poem recorded in Old English3 stories1. Beo vs. Grendel2. Beo vs. Grende's hot mom3. Beo vs. Dragon TERM 51 Cloisonne DEFINITION 51 -enamelwork produced by pouring molten colored glass between thin gold partitions. (kinda like stained-glass)-see fig 11.2 TERM 52 Zoomorphism DEFINITION 52 animal-shaped things on art TERM 53 Charlemagne DEFINITION 53 -Charles the Great (ruled 768-814) -Frankish Chieftain - Christian -"Emperor of the Romans"(800) TERM 54 Feudalism DEFINITION 54 Trade: Land for military service TERM 55 Fief DEFINITION 55 Fief: tract of land given to soldier TERM 56 Vassal DEFINITION 56 -Vassal: soldier whobecomes land owner TERM 57 Lord DEFINITION 57 Lord: gains a soldier TERM 58 Chivalry DEFINITION 58 -Code of Ethics or chaveliers (knights)-Appearance: equipment (chain mail, horse, etc.), heraldry (reppin' their hood) TERM 59 Investiture DEFINITION 59 Ceremony for soldiers in exchange for their services, they get a fief TERM 60 Battle of Hastings DEFINITION 60 -William of Normandy defeats Anglo-Saxton Duke Harold (BIG DEAL)-Allows Feudalism to take root in England