Mental Health Disorders: Definition, Prevalence & Types, Quizzes of Abnormal Psychology

Download Mental Health Disorders: Definition, Prevalence & Types and more Quizzes Abnormal Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 dissociative disorders DEFINITION 1 characterized by disruption of and/pr discontinuity in the normal integration of consciousness, memory, identity, emotion, perception, body representation, motor control, and/or behavior TERM 2 what are symptoms of dissociative disorders? DEFINITION 2 unbidden intrusion info awareness and behavior accompanied by a loss of continuity in subjective experience inability to access info or to control mental functions that are normally accessed and controlled easily commonly follow traumatic events TERM 3 depersonalization/derealization disorder DEFINITION 3 persistent or recurrent depersonalization and/or derealizationunreality; detachment or being an outside observer to one's thoughts, feelings, sensations, body, or actionsless than 2% worldwide TERM 4 dissociative amnesia DEFINITION 4 inability to recall important autobiographical information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature, that is inconsistent with ordinary forgettingthree types: localized, selective, and generalized amnesiamore women than menabrupt remission associated with distress, suicide, PTSD TERM 5 localized amnesia DEFINITION 5 loss of memory for a specific period of time-most common TERM 6 selective amnesia DEFINITION 6 loss of memory for some events/pieces of an event during a period of timealso called localizationonset is unknown can be delayed TERM 7 generalized amnesia DEFINITION 7 complete memory loss-rareabrupt onset coinciding with stressor/traumatic event TERM 8 dissociative with fugue DEFINITION 8 purposeful travel or bewildered wandering associated with amnesia for identity or other important autobiographical information-inability to recall past during ravel-sometimes has new identity.2% of population TERM 9 dissociative identity disorder DEFINITION 9 disruption of identity characterized by 2+ distinct personality states. involves marked discontinuity in sense of self and sense of personal ownership or control, accompanied by related alterations in affect, behavior, consciousness, memory, perception, cognition, and/or sensory-motor functioning TERM 10 what are some similarities with people that acquire dissociative identity disorder? DEFINITION 10 90% report multiple types of interpersonal maltreatment in childhoodsome cases may be associated with medical/surgical procedures, childhood prostitution, terrorismover 70% DID patients attempt suicide- highly suggestible - may reflect ability for a rich fantasy of life"imaginary playmates" growing upleaders to increased chances of using dissociation as a defense mechanism --> easily hypnotized, they see impairment as a benefit TERM 21 what are the two types of illness anxiety disorders? DEFINITION 21 care-seeking vs. care-avoidant typeequal in prevalence in women and menonset is thought to be chronic - begins in middle adulthood2/3 with disorder have another major psychological diagnosis TERM 22 conversion disorder DEFINITION 22 1 or more symptoms of motor or sensory deficits; neurological or other medical condition is presentbut medical evidence demonstrates symptoms are incompatible with neurological disease TERM 23 la belle indifference DEFINITION 23 lack of concern about the symptom in conversion disorder TERM 24 secondary gain DEFINITION 24 unconscious motivations to experience/report symptoms in conversion disorder TERM 25 malingering DEFINITION 25 deliberate exaggeration for personal gain in conversion disorder TERM 26 what are the prevalence statistics on conversion disorder? DEFINITION 26 2-5/100,0002x-3x more common in womenage of onset can be anytime, common in adolescenceshort duration by re- occurrencesprognosis include: blindess, paralysis, tremor, and seizures TERM 27 facticious disorder DEFINITION 27 formerly called Munchausen's- can be imposed on self or imposed on another (munchausen's by proxy)falsification of physical/psychological S/SX - deliberate deceptionpretends to be ill (or pretends other is ill)deception even without obvious reward TERM 28 what are the types of mood disorders? DEFINITION 28 major depressive episode manic episode hypomanic episode major depressive disorder persistent depressive disorder bipolar disorder (I & II) cyclothymic disorder TERM 29 major depressive episode DEFINITION 29 symptoms last at least 2 wks (most of the day, every day)depressed mood or anhedoniaat least 4 of the following symptoms: weight loss or gain or change in appetite insomnia or hypersomnia psychomotor agitation or retardation low energy/fatigue feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt diminished ability to think/concentrate or indecisiveness suicidal ideation or attempts TERM 30 anhedonia DEFINITION 30 loss of interest/pleasure TERM 31 hypersomnia DEFINITION 31 sleeping too much TERM 32 agitiation DEFINITION 32 observable restlessnesspacing, hand-wringing, rubbing on skin TERM 33 retardation DEFINITION 33 observable motor slowing TERM 34 guilt in major depressive episode DEFINITION 34 inappropriate guiltthinking family is in ruins because of his/her depressionfeeling guilty about being sick or about his/her impairment is not sufficientneeds to be excessive to be a symptom TERM 35 what is the onset for Major Depressive disorder? DEFINITION 35 children and adolescents have a more irritable mood, somatization, and social withdrawalonset is gradual over days/weeks until full blown criteria; usually increase in pubertyinitial episodes caused by stressorsif untreated the condition worsens and 6+ months or even 2+ years (5-10%) TERM 46 bipolar II DEFINITION 46 at least one hypomanic episode at least full major depressive episode never met full criterial for manic episode TERM 47 which bipolar is more severe? I or II? DEFINITION 47 bipolar I TERM 48 statistics of bipolar I vs. II disorder? DEFINITION 48 BPI = .4-1.6% ; BPII = .5%BPI = men and women equal ; BPII = slightly more women-men have mania first and women have depression firstBPI = onset is 18 years old ; BPII = onset is 22 years oldcourse is acute onset where its chronic but episodic TERM 49 cyclothymis disorder DEFINITION 49 thy = time2+ years of hypomanic symptoms AND depressive symptoms that do not meet duration, severity, and pervasiveness requirements to be manic or major depressive episodes-never symptom free for over 2 months at timeno MDE, manic, or hypomanic episodes during 2 yearsNOT full blown either wayequally common in genders15-50% eventually develop bipolar I or II TERM 50 suicide statistis? DEFINITION 50 30,000/year commit suicide1,000 people/day commit suicidewomen 3x as likely to attempt but 4x more likely to be successful in suicide TERM 51 who's at risk for suicide? DEFINITION 51 adults > 65 years (physical illness, depressed, divorced/widowed)chronically illmalesteensnative American teen boys - there has been a dramatic African American teens as of late TERM 52 what risk factors are there for suicide? DEFINITION 52 pervious attempt(s) mental illness and physical illness impulsivity/aggressiveness cultural/religious beliefs child abuse/neglect hopelessness significant loss alienation/isolation knowing someone else that has committed suicide those affected by natural disaster TERM 53 what are suicide prevention factors? DEFINITION 53 effective care for mental, physical, and substance abuse easy access to variety of clinical interventions support for help seeking family and community support support from ongoing medical and mental health workers skills in problem solving, conflict resolution, and nonviolent handling of disputers cultural and religious beliefs that discourage suicide and support self-preservation instincts TERM 54 suicide assessment (PALS) DEFINITION 54 Plan - having a plan of how to commit suicideAccessibility - the means for committing suicide are readily available to the personLethality - the means for committing suicide are lethalSuicidality - thoughts of death, wanting to be dead hopelessness is one of the best markers for suicide risk TERM 55 what are some suicide myths? DEFINITION 55 suicide rates increase during winter holidays suicide is only for the "crazy" unsuccessful attempts = attention -seeking someone who really wants to die, won't leave any clues if someone is talking about it then they are unlikely to go through or seeking attention all of these above are FALSE TERM 56 common criteria for personality disorders include: DEFINITION 56 enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of individual's culture manifested in at least 2 of the following - cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning, impulse control enduring pattern is inflexible and pervasive across a broad range of personal and social situations enduring pattern is clinically significant distress or impairment (ego-syntonic) enduring pattern is stable and long-lasting TERM 57 ego-syntonic DEFINITION 57 individual believes they are right in every aspectif distress- they identify others as being in the wrongseen in personality disorders TERM 58 how many clusters are there for personality disorders? DEFINITION 58 cluster A: odd, eccentric (paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal) cluster B: dramatic, emotional, erratic (antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic) cluster C: anxious, fearful (avoidant, dependent, and obsessive compulsive) cluster B is most likely to be most problematic TERM 59 paranoid personality disorder DEFINITION 59 pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others, such that motives are interpreted as malevolent; must have at least four of following: suspects without sufficient basis that others are exploiting, harming, deceiving is preoccupied with unjustified doubts about loyalty/trust reluctant to confide in others because of fear reads hidden/threatening meanings into benign remarks persistently bears grudges perceives attacks on character or reputation that aren't there has recurrent suspicions with justification regarding fidelity TERM 60 what are common ways of interacting for paranoid personality disorder? DEFINITION 60 guarded, "cold" or unloving seem objective, rational, unemotional, but often labile, hostile, stubborn, and sarcastic provoke hostility, confirms distrust need to be self-sufficient, autonomous and to control others rigid, critical, unable to take criticism blame others for short comings stereotype others they act like this with everyone, everywhere TERM 71 narcissistic personality disorder DEFINITION 71 pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy, requires at least 5: grandiose sense of self-importance preoccupation with fantasies of unlimited success, power, brilliance,beauty, or ideal love believes he/she is special and unique and can be associate with other high status people requires excessive admiration has sense if entitlement interpersonally exploitative lacks empathy is often envious of others or believes others are envious shows arrogant, haughty behaviors or attitudes TERM 72 what is the prevalence of narcissistic personality disorder? DEFINITION 72 6.2% of US adults50-75% diagnosed are mentreatment? not really, long term understanding of nature reactions by therapy TERM 73 avoidant personality disorder DEFINITION 73 pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation, requires at least 5: avoids occupational activities requiring significant interpersonal contact due to fears of criticism, disapproval, or rejection is unwilling to get involved with people unless certain of being liked is restrained in intimate relationships b/c fear of shame/ridicule preoccupied with being criticized or rejected in social situations inhibited in new interpersonal situations b/c feeling inadequate views self as socially inept, personally unappealing unusually reluctant to take personal risks or to engage in new activities to avoid embarrassment TERM 74 prevalence of avoidant personality disorder? DEFINITION 74 2.4% of US adultsequal across gender TERM 75 dependent personality disorder DEFINITION 75 pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissiveness, clinginess, and fears or separation; requires 5+: has difficulty making everyday decisions without advice needs others to assume responsibility for areas in life has difficulty expressing disagreement b/c fear of loss support has difficulty initiating projects or doing things on own goes to excessive lengths to obtain nurturance and support, volunteer to do unpleasant things feels uncomfortable or helpless when alone b/c exaggerated fears of being unable to care for self urgently seeks another relationship as a source of care and support ends unrealistically preoccupied with fears of being left to care for self TERM 76 prevalence of dependent personality disorder? DEFINITION 76 .6% of US adultsdiagnosed more frequently in women but some studies show similar rates across gender TERM 77 obsessive compulsive PERSONALITY disorder DEFINITION 77 pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental/interpersonal control at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency; at least 4 of: orderliness, details, rules, lists, schedules where major point is lost perfectionism that interferes with task completion excessively devoted to work and productivity to the exclusion of leisure and friendships overly conscientious, scrupulous and inflexible about morality, ethics, or values unable to discard worn out or worthless objects reluctant to delegate tasks unless agree to do it exactly as told adopts a miserly spending style toward self and others shows rigidity and stubborness TERM 78 prevalence of obsessive compulsive PERSONALITY disorder? DEFINITION 78 2.1-7.9% in US adults2x men than in women TERM 79 are personality disorders categorical or dimensional? DEFINITION 79 personality is measured dimensionally but DSM-5 treats disorders by categories