Geology and Soil Science Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Engineering

Download Geology and Soil Science Terms and Definitions and more Quizzes Engineering in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 D. cold and dry climates will have glacial scour DEFINITION 1 The idea of morphogenesis suggests that:A. landforms are dominantly determined by tectonic effectsB. rock type helps you predict landformsC. volcanic features are dependent on climateD. cold and dry climates will have glacial scour TERM 2 C. Illite DEFINITION 2 Type of clay mineral characterized by potassium ions in the interlayer between silica and alumina packetsA. KaoliniteB. SmectiteC. IlliteD. Vermiculite TERM 3 C. Ca DEFINITION 3 What is released through the process of carbonation?A. CB. CO2C. CaD. HCO3 TERM 4 A. exfoliation fractures DEFINITION 4 Process most likely to occur after the melting of alpine glaciersA. exfoliation fracturesB. thermal expansion fracturesC. salt precipitationD. accumulation of Fe and Al oxides TERM 5 A. low temperature, low rainfall DEFINITION 5 Description of climate where chemical weathering is the weakestA. low temperature, low rainfallB. hightemperature, low rainfallC.low temperature, high rainfallD.high temperature, high rainfall TERM 6 C. Organic rich zone Light leached zone Dark accumulation zone Weathered parent material DEFINITION 6 Which of the following best represents a typical soil profile, listed from the top down:A. Light leached zone B. Organic rich zone Organic rich zone Dark accumulation zone Weathered parent material Light leached zone Dark accumulation zone Weathered parent materialC.Organic rich zone D.Organic rich zone Light leached zone Light leached zone Dark accumulation zone Weathered parent material Weathered parent material Accumulation zone TERM 7 C. sand, clay, silt DEFINITION 7 Soil texture is generally measured in percentages of:A. sand, gravel, clayB. clay, sand, gravelC. sand, clay, siltD. sand, loam, clay TERM 8 A. they tell you about dominant particle size DEFINITION 8 Which of the following is not true about soil peds?A. they tell you about dominant particle sizeB. they describe clumpinessC. they are better developed with timeD. they can be columnar in shape TERM 9 B. increasing normal stress DEFINITION 9 Which of the following would increase the factor of safety of a slope?A. lowering the friction angleB. increasing normal stressC. increasing shear forcesD. adding water TERM 10 A. 0.8 DEFINITION 10 Which of the following factors of safety would you be the most worried about?A. 0.8B. 1.0C. 1.2D. 5 TERM 21 B. transverse ridges DEFINITION 21 Which feature in a landslide is most likely related to compression near the toe?A. main scarpB. transverse ridgesC. transverse cracksD. shear plane TERM 22 C. the shear force required to rupture it increases DEFINITION 22 Which of the following happens as the normal stress in alaboratory soil sample is increased?A. the number of fractures increasesB. the cohesion increasesC. the shear force required to rupture it increasesD. thecoefficientof friction (angle) increases TERM 23 B. talus DEFINITION 23 Accumulation of rock from mass wastingA. coluviumB. talusC. rock glacierD. alluvium TERM 24 D. alluvium DEFINITION 24 Material moved and deposited by running waterA. colluviumB. talusC. rock glacierD. alluvium TERM 25 B. Biotite and Sodium Feldspar DEFINITION 25 Minerals most resistant to weathering:A. Pyroxene and Sodium FeldsparB. Biotite and Sodium FeldsparC. Olivine and Calcium FeldsparD. Amphibole and Calcium Feldspar TERM 26 D. dissolution DEFINITION 26 Process by which ions in mineral lattice are removed that is highly dependant on pH of groundwater:A. oxidationB. hydrationC. cation exchange capacityD. dissolution