Crime Elements and Punishment Goals: A Study of the Zodiac Case, Quizzes of Criminal Justice

Download Crime Elements and Punishment Goals: A Study of the Zodiac Case and more Quizzes Criminal Justice in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Robert Graysmith DEFINITION 1 who does this describe from the zodiac?led own personal investigation, cartoonist, wrote the book the zodiac, played by Jake Gyllenhaal TERM 2 Arther Legih Allen DEFINITION 2 who does this describe from the zodiac?a prime suspect, didn't have enough direct evidence on him but a lot of circumstantial however wasn't able to take him to court with just that type of evidence TERM 3 1. Actus Reus 2. Mens Rea 3. Attendant Circumstances 4. Causation of result DEFINITION 3 what are the four elements of a crime? TERM 4 Actus Reus DEFINITION 4 what element of crime is this describing?-the evil act (guilty act)-act or conduct that is prohibited-must be voluntary actor a qualifying omission -voluntary: preformed consciously as a result of effort (involuntary does not qualify) -omission: failure to preform an act when physically cabable TERM 5 Mens Rea DEFINITION 5 what element of crime is this describing?-evil mind ("guilty mind")-levels of intentto commit an actus reus-think about the varying degrees of murder we discussed TERM 6 Attendant Circumstances DEFINITION 6 what element of crime is this describing?-specific circumstances which must surround the actus reus (criminal act)ex: is speeding a crime? -not if on private raceway but is on public roads TERM 7 Causation of result DEFINITION 7 what element of crime is this describing?-result-occurs becauseof the commission of the actus reus-ex: convicted of homicide (result-death of another human being) TERM 8 strict liability DEFINITION 8 -narrow range of crimes that are exceptions to the requirement of actus reus+ mens rea = crime-offenses that are punished w/o regard to the individuals state of mind TERM 9 strict liability DEFINITION 9 what is drunk drinking and killing someone while intoxicated an example of? TERM 10 direct evidence DEFINITION 10 what type of evidence:-demonstrates proof beyond a reasonable doubt-ex: finger prints, DNA TERM 21 corrections DEFINITION 21 ________: -refer to ALL programs, services, facilities, and organizations responsible for the management of the accused and convicted -prisons, jails, probation, parole, half way houses, education and work release programs, community service, etc. TERM 22 5%, 25% DEFINITION 22 -The US has less than _% of the worlds population but almost ___ % of the worlds prisoners! TERM 23 penitentiary (prison) DEFINITION 23 an institution intended to punish criminals by isolating them from society so they can reflect on their crimes and reform. TERM 24 The Pennslyvania System DEFINITION 24 ww which system is this referring to? -Criminals could be best reformed if they were placed in penitentiaries -Separate confinement: inmates held in isolation from other inmates. All activities, including craft work, took place in cells (and in isolation)Solitary confinement would prevent further corruption inside prisons.Offenders would reflect on their past transgressions and repent TERM 25 The New York System DEFINITION 25 Which system is this?Congregate system: prisoners were held in isolation at night but worked with other prisoners in shops during the day. Prisoners worked under a rule of silence and were forbidden from even looking at each otherContract Labor System: labor sold on a contractual basis to private employers. Private employers provided the equipment and inmates made products to sell.i. Strict discipline, obedience was keyii. Industrial efficiency should be the purpose of prisonmake profit TERM 26 70%, 30% DEFINITION 26 ____% of convicted are in the community, ___% convicted are in jails TERM 27 Community corrections DEFINITION 27 ________ _______: seeks to build stability and success for offenders through the community. Based on the goal of finding the lease restrictive alternative TERM 28 Parole DEFINITION 28 _______: provisional release from prison. Early release under specific conditions; main goals: managing prison populations and incentivizing rehabilitation TERM 29 Probation DEFINITION 29 ________ : conditional release into the community (avoids incarceration). Submitting to drug tests, obeying curfews, and staying away from certain people or parts of town. About 4.2 million offenders currently on ______ . ______ officers are extremely overwhelmed with caseloads; major caseload is cited as a major obstacle to successful _______. TERM 30 Intermediate Sanctions DEFINITION 30 Community Corrections: _______ ______ -idea that punishments should be more severe than probation - probation on steroids -used as a continuum based on the seriousness of the offense TERM 31 Home confinement DEFINITION 31 d._____ ________: a sentence requiring the offender to remain inside their home during specified periods (house arrest)type of intermediate sanction TERM 32 Community service DEFINITION 32 e._______ _______: requires the offender to perform a certain amount of unpaid labor in the community (social service agencies, cleaning parks and road sides, etc.)type of intermediate sanction TERM 33 Day Reporting Centers DEFINITION 33 f. ____ ______ _____: community correctional center where an offender reports each day to comply with elements of sentencetype of intermediate sanction TERM 34 Fines DEFINITION 34 a. ______: sum of money to be paid to the state by a convicted person as punishment for an offensetype of intermediate sanction TERM 35 Restituion DEFINITION 35 _________: repayment in the form of money or service by an offender to a victim who has suffered some loss from the offensetype of intermediate sanction