Mental Health Disorders: Sleep Disorders, Personality Disorders, and Diagnostic Manuals, Quizzes of Abnormal Psychology

Download Mental Health Disorders: Sleep Disorders, Personality Disorders, and Diagnostic Manuals and more Quizzes Abnormal Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 DSM IV axises DEFINITION 1 Axis I- clinical disordersAxis II- Personality disordersAxis III- General Medical ConditionsAxis IV- environmental problemsAxis V- GAF # TERM 2 GAF Scale DEFINITION 2 (General Assessment of Functioning)100-91: superior functioning, no fx90-81: good functioning, absent of no sx80-71: no more than slight impairment70-61: some mild sx, but generally functioning well60-51: moderate sx. ex. regular panic attacks50-41: serious sx40-31: reality impairment30-21: serious psychosis or impairment, major inability to function20-11: some danger of hurting self or others 10-1: persistent danger of hurting self or others TERM 3 2 Types of Sleep Disorders? DEFINITION 3 Dyssomnia and Parasomnia TERM 4 Dyssomnia (definition and 5 types) DEFINITION 4 -disorders that make it difficult to get to sleep or to remain sleeping-Insomnia, hypersomnia, Narcolepsy, Breathing Related Sleep Disorder, Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder TERM 5 Parasomnia (definition and 3 types) DEFINITION 5 -involve abnormal and unnatural movements, behaviors, emotions, perceptions, and dreams that occur while falling asleep, sleeping, between sleep stages, or during arousal from sleep-Nightmare Disorder, Sleep Terror Disorder, Sleepwalking Disorder TERM 6 Insomnia DEFINITION 6 -lack of sleep: causes daytime distress & fatigue-1/3 adults experience in a given year-most common form of sleep disturbance-relevant w/ depression and anxiety TERM 7 Hypersomnia DEFINITION 7 excess of sleep- difficulty getting up in the morning, don't feel refreshed after waking, long periods of sleep, nearly every day (>1 month) TERM 8 Narcolepsy DEFINITION 8 -sleep where person falls asleep without any notice-must have 1 or both of the following: cataplexy, intrusions of REM sleep-.02-.16% of population, no gender difference TERM 9 Breathing Related Sleep Disorder DEFINITION 9 repeated disruptions of sleep due to respiratory problems.Subtype- sleep apnea TERM 10 Sleep Apnea DEFINITION 10 -repeated episodes where a person stops breathing-can be life threatening-1-10% of population-most common in middle aged men and obese people with large necks TERM 21 Sleepwalking Disorder DEFINITION 21 -repeated episodes in which the sleeper arises from bed and walks around while remaining fully asleep-not during REM sleep-blank stare-difficult to wake them up-may talk and respond to questions-more common in children-For adults it's associated with mood and anxiety disorders TERM 22 Personality Disorder DEFINITION 22 chronic interpersonal difficulties and problems with one's identity of sense of self TERM 23 Cluster A DEFINITION 23 -Includes paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders-people who often seem odd or eccentric, with unusual behavior ranging from distrust and suspiciousness to social detachment-most introverted & extreme TERM 24 Cluster B DEFINITION 24 -Includes histrionic, narcissistic, antisocial, and borderline personality disorders-people tend to be dramatic, emotional, and erratic-most extroverted, ranges from mild to extreme TERM 25 Cluster C DEFINITION 25 -Includes avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders-people show anxiety and fearfulness(in contrast to the other clusters)-more introverted and mild TERM 26 Borderline Personality Disorder DEFINITION 26 (at least 5)-pattern of unstable relationships, self image, and affect-marked impulsivity (2+)-identity disturbance-avoid real or imagined abondonment-feelings of emptiness- inappropriate, intense anger-splitting-projective identification-suicidality TERM 27 splitting DEFINITION 27 -seeing things in "all or nothing"-primitive idealization TERM 28 projective identification DEFINITION 28 parts of the ego are thought of as forced into another person who is then expected to become identified with whatever has been projected TERM 29 Etiology of BPD DEFINITION 29 -heredity-history of abuse TERM 30 Antisocial Personality Disorder DEFINITION 30 -consistently irresponsible-reckless disregard for safety- irritability/aggressiveness-impulsivity-failure to conform to social norm-deceitfulness-lack of remorse-superficial charm- grandiosity TERM 31 Etiology of APD DEFINITION 31 heredity, chaotic home life, history of ODD/CD, head injury TERM 32 Narcissistic Personality Disorder DEFINITION 32 -grandiose sense of self-importance-fantasies of ultimate power/success-believes he/she is unique/special-arrogance toward others-requires admiration-lack of empathy- interpersonally unjust: takes advantage of others TERM 33 Etiology of NPD (two theories) DEFINITION 33 Kohut: believes all children go through periods of grandiosity, which is redeemed by effective parenting. If parent is neglectful, child will react against it.Social Learning: parents are overly indulgent/lenient, and grandiosity develops TERM 34 Histrionic Personality Disorder DEFINITION 34 -discomfort not being the center of attention-inappropriate sexual/provocative behavior-shallow expressions of emotion- physical appearance-vague and impressionistic language- theatricality-easily influenced by others (cares what others think)-considers relationships to be more intimate than they actually are TERM 35 Dependent Personality Disorder DEFINITION 35 -cluster C-fear of being alone and feels helpless when alone- needs others to assume responsibility-difficulty making everyday decisions and initiating projects on own-urgently seeks relationships as sense of care/support-difficulty expressing dissagreement TERM 46 The Five Factor Model DEFINITION 46 Openness to ExperienceConscientiousnessExtraversionAgreeableness TERM 47 PDs in DSM V DEFINITION 47 -transition to a trait-based model of personality disorders-an attempt to improve validity-we know that PDs are not truly categories-shift to a dimensional rating system TERM 48 Diagnosing DSM V PDs DEFINITION 48 Level: self and interpersonal dysfunctionTraits: 25 maladaptive traitsTypes: 6 PDs (defined by traits) TERM 49 ADHD DEFINITION 49 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder-inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity-must be seen before age 7- impairment in 2 or more settings TERM 50 Subtypes of ADHD DEFINITION 50 -Inattentive(less common): easily distracted, forgetful, cant keep attention, doesnt follow instructions; 6+ signs for at least 6 months-Hyperactive-Impulse: H:: Fidgeting, running, talking excessively, driven by motorI: Blurts out answers, cant wait turn, intrudes/interrupts6+ signs for at least 6 months-Combined Type TERM 51 Oppositional Defiant Disorder DEFINITION 51 -age inappropriate disordersymptoms:-angry and resentful- temper-annoyed by and annoys others-blames others-argues w/ adults-refusal to obey TERM 52 ODD vs CD(conduct disorder) DEFINITION 52 ODD doesn't include violation of basic rights of othersODD is often limited to parents and the homeODD comes from less disturbed backgroundsODD develops earlier (preschool) TERM 53 Gender Identity Disorder DEFINITION 53 -discomfort and distress with assigned sex TERM 54 Sexual Dysfunction(def. and 4 types) DEFINITION 54 -disturbance in sexual response-pain with intercourse4 Types:sexual desire disorderssexual arousals disordersorgasmic disorderssexual pain disorders TERM 55 Sexual Desire Disorders DEFINITION 55 -decreased sexual desire-types: hypoactive sexual desire disorder-lack of interest in sexsexual aversion disorder- phobic of sex TERM 56 Sexual Arousal Disorders DEFINITION 56 -problems with sexual arousalTypes:Female Sexual Arousal Disorder- inability to attain/maintain sexual arousalMale Erectile Disorder- inability to develop/maintain an erection; Prevalence increases from 40s to 70s, from ~30% to ~60%. TERM 57 Orgasm Disorders DEFINITION 57 -difficulty achieving orgasm TERM 58 Sexual Pain Disorders DEFINITION 58 -pain associated with intercourse-Dyspareunia- generally women, but can be men-Vaginismus- Involuntary spasm of PC muscle which makes intercourse painful TERM 59 Paraphilias DEFINITION 59 -intense sexual arousing fantasies/urges/behaviors involving:suffering/humiliation of a person, nonhuman objects, children/non-consenting persons<6 monthsmostly mensignificant distress/impairment