Glossary of Terms: Addictions, Eating Disorders, and Personality Disorders, Quizzes of Abnormal Psychology

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TERM 1 addictive behavior DEFINITION 1 behavior based on a pathological need for a substance TERM 2 psychoactive substance DEFINITION 2 -any substance that affect mental functioning int he central nervous system-ex. alcohol, nicotine, marijuana, cocaine, LSD TERM 3 substance abuse DEFINITION 3 excessive use resulting in potentially dangerous behavior or continued use despite problems TERM 4 substance dependence DEFINITION 4 -physiological need for increasing amounts of substance- more severe than abuse TERM 5 tolerance DEFINITION 5 condition in which increased doses of a substance are necessary to achieve the desired effect TERM 6 withdrawl DEFINITION 6 physical symptoms(shaking, tremors, and tension) occurs after reducing or ceasing intake of a substance TERM 7 alcohol use disorder DEFINITION 7 -problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress-must have 2+ within a year TERM 8 alcohol abuse DEFINITION 8 excessive use resulting in dangerous behavior or continued use despite problems TERM 9 alcohol dependence DEFINITION 9 need alcohol to get through the day TERM 10 alcohol withdrawal symptoms DEFINITION 10 -hallucinations: auditory, visual, tactile-seizures, delirium, formication(feels like bugs crawling on you) TERM 21 relapse prevention DEFINITION 21 -identify triggers, thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and consequences of drug use-change thoughts, feelings, and behaviors to manage the situation TERM 22 motivational enhancement therapy DEFINITION 22 1. trans-theoretical model2. motivational interviewing TERM 23 trans-theoretical model DEFINITION 23 1. precontemplation - no problem with drug use2. contemplation - aware that it's a problem, weighing pros and cons but still leaning on pro side3. preparation - made decision to change and getting ready to do it4. action - changes I need to make to my environment and behavior5. maintenance - change happened, keep it going and prevent relapse TERM 24 motivational interviewing DEFINITION 24 1. asses where in the model a person is2. try to build motivation to change - person must want to stop using to continue in treatment3. use motivation to make changes quickly TERM 25 skills training DEFINITION 25 -teach coping skills-relapse is higher risk TERM 26 aversion therapy DEFINITION 26 pair drug with an averse stimulus repeatedly TERM 27 relaxation/biofeedback DEFINITION 27 -give them feedback about body's response-be aware of body reaction and respond appropriately to cope TERM 28 contingency management DEFINITION 28 reinforce treatment adherence and abstinence (token economy) TERM 29 alcoholics anonymous (AA) DEFINITION 29 person accepts that they're powerless to control addiction and take spiritual steps that provide structure for staying sober-regular meetings and sponsor give social support-also have less religious based approaches TERM 30 detoxification DEFINITION 30 medically supervised drug withdrawal TERM 31 agonist substitution DEFINITION 31 substituting a chemically similar medication for the drug of abuse TERM 32 nicotine replacement DEFINITION 32 use patch or gum TERM 33 gambling disorder DEFINITION 33 persistent, recurring, and problematic gambling that causes significant impairment or distress TERM 34 how is gambling disorder similar to chemical addiction DEFINITION 34 personality factors, difficulties attributable to compulsive gambling, treatment problems TERM 35 anorexia nervosa DEFINITION 35 -intense fear of gaining weight combined with behaviors that result in a significantly low body weight; proud-0.9% women, 0.3% men-onset: early adolescence-outcome: death and suicide TERM 46 obesity DEFINITION 46 -compulsive eating-NOT a disorder in DSM-5 TERM 47 risk for obesity DEFINITION 47 psychological (depression and eating) TERM 48 developmental psychopathology DEFINITION 48 study of origins and course of individual maladaption in the context of normal growth processes (what's appropriate based on developmental age) TERM 49 psychosocial vulnerabilities of children with developmental disorders DEFINITION 49 -lack experience dealing with adversity-don't have as complex and realistic view of themselves or the world- perceived threat compounded with limited understanding of past or future-can't take themselves to get help TERM 50 attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) DEFINITION 50 -constantly moving and difficultly concentrating-persistent across different situation and significant impairment TERM 51 oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) DEFINITION 51 pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness lasting at least 6 months with at least 4 symptoms during interaction with at least one non- sibling person TERM 52 conduct disorder (CD) DEFINITION 52 behaviors that violate basic rights of others, behaviors that violate major society norms, goes beyond mischief and pranks(ex. burn house, cruelty toward animals) TERM 53 separation anxiety disorder DEFINITION 53 developmentally inappropriate and excessive fear or anxiety concerning separation from those to whom the individual is attached TERM 54 disruptive mood dysregulation disorder DEFINITION 54 severe recurrent temper outbursts manifested verbally and/or behaviorally that are grossly out of proportion in intensity or duration to the situation or provocation TERM 55 enuresis DEFINITION 55 elimination of urine into clothes or bedding TERM 56 encopresis DEFINITION 56 elimination of feces into inappropriate places TERM 57 tic disorders DEFINITION 57 persistent, intermittent muscle twitch or spasm, localized TERM 58 tourette's disorder DEFINITION 58 -extreme tic disorder-multiple motor and vocal patterns TERM 59 learning disorders DEFINITION 59 disorders with reading, written expression, or math TERM 60 Intellectual developmental disorder DEFINITION 60 -formerly axis II disorder-significantly below average intellectual functioning-deficits in adaptive behavior TERM 71 compare and contrast intellectual disability levels DEFINITION 71 1. mild - 50/55-702. moderate - 35/40 - 50/553. severe - 20/25-50/554. profound - below 20-25 TERM 72 5 biological conditions that may lead to intellectual disability DEFINITION 72 1. genetic - chromosomal abnormalities2. infectious disease - fetus exposed to infectious diseases3. accidents - falls, hear drownings, care accidents4. environmental - pollutants, fetal alcohol syndrome5. other - malnutrition TERM 73 general features of personality DEFINITION 73 1. traits, thoughts, attitudes, actions -openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism2. stable behavioral, emotional, and personal characteristics TERM 74 common characteristics of cluster A personality disorders DEFINITION 74 -paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal-people with disorder seem odd or eccentric TERM 75 common characteristics of cluster B personality disorders DEFINITION 75 -histrionic, narcissistic, antisocial, borderline-people with disorder tend to be dramatic, emotional, unpredictable, and erratic TERM 76 common characteristics of cluster C personality disorders DEFINITION 76 -avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive-people with disorder show anxiety and fearfulness TERM 77 schizoid personality disorder DEFINITION 77 pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by 4+ TERM 78 schizotypal personality disorder DEFINITION 78 pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with, and reduced capacity for, close relationships as well as by cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by 5+ TERM 79 paranoid personality disorder DEFINITION 79 pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others such that their motives are interpreted as malevolent, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by 4+ TERM 80 antisocial personality disorder DEFINITION 80 -pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others, occuring since age 15 years, with 3+-individual is at least 18 years-conduct disorder before 15 years old TERM 81 borderline personality disorder DEFINITION 81 pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts with 5+ TERM 82 narcissistic personality disorder DEFINITION 82 pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behavior), need for admiration, and lack of empathy, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts with 5+ TERM 83 histrionic personality disorder DEFINITION 83 pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts with 5+ TERM 84 obsessive-compulsive personality disorder DEFINITION 84 pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control, at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts with 4+ TERM 85 avoidant personality disorder DEFINITION 85 pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts with 4+