Exam 3 Study Guide - Principles of Biology | BSC 120, Study notes of Biology

Download Exam 3 Study Guide - Principles of Biology | BSC 120 and more Study notes Biology in PDF only on Docsity! BSC 120 Practice Chapters 14-21 _____01. A mother carries a genetic trait and the father does not. All of their offspring carry the trait. This trait could be: A. due to a mutation. B. Y linked. C. linked to another trait. D. mitochondiral. _____02. ABO blood types in humans is an example of: A. anticipation. B. linkage. C. epigenetics. D. codominance. E. non disjunction. _____03. An organism that is heterozygous for an allele, and can therefore pass on the recessive form of the allele to their offspring even though they do not express the recessive phenotype themselves, is called a: A. F1. B. allele. C. carrier. D. haplo-doploid. _____04. When scientists perform test crosses in the study of genetics, they rarely see perfect Mendalian ratios in the phenotypes or genotypes of offspring even if the trait obeys Mendelian laws. This is because of: A. linkage. B. epistasis. C. codominance. D. random chance. E. silent alleles. _____05. Mendel's law of independent assortment will be followed if: A. two traits (genes) are on different chromosomes. B. organisms are homozygous for an allele. C. organisms are heterozygous for an allele. D. organisms are asexual. E. organisms are wild type. _____06. The term homologous means: A. identical. B. located at the same position on a chromosome. C. derived from a common ancestor. D. sex linked. E. autosomal. _____07. If you cross a heterozygous organism a homozygous organism, the genotype ratio of the offspring will be: A. 2:1 B. 1:1 C. 3:1 D. 4:0 _____08. Down syndrome is an example of: A. point mutation. B. aneuploidy. C. linkage. D. insertion. E. deletion. _____09. Fredrick Griffith's experiment that confirmed DNA as the material containing genetic information eliminated protein as the genetic material because: A. there was not protein in the heat killed cells. B. the capsid proteins were removed. C. heat killing the pathogenic strain denatured proteins, leaving them non-functional. D. he only injected non-pathogenic protein. _____10. A hydrogen bonds with T by _____ bonds, while C hydrogen bonds with G by _____ bonds. A. 1, 2 B. 2, 3 C. 3, 2 D. 2, 1 _____11. Which scientist produced the X-ray diffraction photographs of DNA, that helped determine the double helix structure. A. James Watson. B. Francis Crick. C. Maurice Wilkins. D. Rosalind Franklin. E. Erwin Chargaff. _____12. Which enzyme is responsible for relieving twisting tension during DNA replication? A. RNA polymerase B. Primase. C. Helicase. D. Topoisomerase. E. DNA polymerase. _____13. Which enzyme is responsible for joining Okazaki fragments into a complete DNA strand? A. DNA polymerase III B. DNA polymerase II C. Ligase. D. Kinase. E. Primase. _____14. Telomeres are made during: A. meiosis. B. splicing C. transcription. D. translation. _____15. Which statement is true concerning heterochromatin? A. DNA appears like "beads on a string". B. DNA is accessible. C. DNA can be used for transcription. D. DNA is condensed. E. DNA is decondensed. _____16. A gene has the sequence 3'-GGCATTGC-5'. What is the sequence of the complimentary strand of RNA? A. 3'-CCGTAACG-5' B. 3'-CCGUAACG-5' C. 5'-CCGTAACG-3' D. 5'-CCGUAACG-3' _____17. During transcription, what enzyme is responsible for beginning the new RNA strand? A. Primase. B. DNA polymerase III C. RNA polymerase. D. Ligase. _____18. One function of the poly A tail is to: A. specify amino acids in the protein. B. bind to ribosomes. C. protect the RNA from degredation. D. initiate transcription. E. initiate translation. _____19. The signal that stops transcription in eukaryotes is the: A. operator. B. polyadenylation signal. C. 5' cap. D. stop codon. E. terminator.5.