Byzantine & Islamic Architectural Terms & Definitions, Quizzes of History of Art

Download Byzantine & Islamic Architectural Terms & Definitions and more Quizzes History of Art in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 pendentive DEFINITION 1 A concave, triangular piece of masonry (a triangular section of a hemisphere), four of which provide the transition from a square area to the circular base of a coveringdome. Although they appear to be hanging (pendant) from the dome, they in fact support it.hagia sophia TERM 2 iconoclasm DEFINITION 2 The destruction of images. InByzantiumthe period from 726 to 843 when there was an imperial ban on images. The destroyers of images were known as iconoclasts, while those who opposed such a ban were known as iconophiles or iconodules. TERM 3 icon DEFINITION 3 A portrait or image; especially in the Eastern Christian churches, a panel with a painting of sacred personages that are objects of veneration. In the visual arts, a painting, a piece of sculpture, or even a building regarded as an object of veneration. TERM 4 liturgy DEFINITION 4 The official ritual of public worshipmosaic of justinian, bishop Maximiunus, and attendent TERM 5 squinch DEFINITION 5 An architectural device used as a transition from a square to a polygonal or circular base for adome. It may be composed oflintels,corbels, orarches. TERM 6 Mosque DEFINITION 6 An Islamic religious building. From the Arabic wordmasjid, meaning a place for bowing down. TERM 7 Qibla DEFINITION 7 In theMuslimreligion, the direction (towards Mecca) the faithful turn when praying. TERM 8 Mihrab DEFINITION 8 A semi-circular niche set into theqiblawall of an Islamicmosque. TERM 9 Minaret DEFINITION 9 A distinctive feature of Islamicmosquearchitecture, a tower from which themuezzincalls the faithful to worship. TERM 10 iwan DEFINITION 10 In Islamic architecture, a vaulted rectangular recess opening onto a courtyard. TERM 21 Closter DEFINITION 21 A monastery courtyard, usually with covered walks orambulatoriesalong its sides. TERM 22 Compound Pier DEFINITION 22 A pier with a group, or cluster, of attached shafts, or responds, especially characteristic of gothic architecture TERM 23 Tympanum DEFINITION 23 A space enclosed by a lintel and an arch over a doorway. TERM 24 Voussoir DEFINITION 24 A wedge shaped stone brick used in the construction of a true arch. The central voussior which sets the arch is called the keystone. TERM 25 Trumeau DEFINITION 25 In church architecture, the pillar or center post supporting the lintel in the middle of the doorway TERM 26 Chevet DEFINITION 26 The east, or apsidal, end of aGothicchurch, includingchoir, ambulatory, and radiating chapels. TERM 27 Rib Vault DEFINITION 27 A vault in which the diagonal and the transverse ribs compose a strutural skeleton that partially supports the masonry web between them. TERM 28 Jamb Statues DEFINITION 28 Jambs are the side posts of a doorway therefore the definition is the statues decorating the side posts of a doorway. TERM 29 Triforium DEFINITION 29 In a gothic cathedral, the blind arcaded gallery below the clerestory; occasionally the arcades are filled with stained glass. TERM 30 Flying Buttress DEFINITION 30 a flying buttress consists typically of an inclined member carried on an arch or a series of arches and a solid buttress to which it transmits lateralthrust. TERM 31 Lancets DEFINITION 31 InGothicarchitecture, tall narrow window ending in pointed arch. TERM 32 Bar tracery DEFINITION 32 In the ornamental stonework for holding stained glass in a place (gothic architecture), the stained glass windows fill almost the entire opening, and the stonework is obtrusive. TERM 33 Mullions DEFINITION 33 A vertical member that divides a window or that separates one window from another. TERM 34 Stained Glass DEFINITION 34 In gothic architecture, the colored glass used for windows TERM 35 Rose Window DEFINITION 35 A circular stained glass window.