Organic Chem: Carbocations, Electrophiles, Nucleophiles, Alkenes & Addition Rxns., Quizzes of Organic Chemistry

Download Organic Chem: Carbocations, Electrophiles, Nucleophiles, Alkenes & Addition Rxns. and more Quizzes Organic Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Carbocation DEFINITION 1 Ion with a positively charged carbon atom. They are electrophilic.Tertiary: All 1st atoms are carbonsSecondary: Two first atoms are carbonsPrimary: One first atom is a carbon TERM 2 Electrophile DEFINITION 2 Wants to receive electrons, positively charged. TERM 3 Nucleophile DEFINITION 3 Wants to donate electrons, negatively charged. TERM 4 Alkene/Olefin DEFINITION 4 An unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon- carbon double bond. CnH2n for a normal, CnH2n-2 for any cyclo-. Parent chain must contain both carbons in the double bond. The double bond gets the lowest number in numbering the parent chain The more substituted R- groups on a c=c, the more stable it is. TERM 5 Elimination Product DEFINITION 5 In this reaction, the base gains a proton (hydrogen), the halogen attached to the alpha-carbon is left, and a double bond between two carbons forms. TERM 6 Electrophilic Addition DEFINITION 6 Reaction in which a pi bond is broken to form two new sigma bonds. TERM 7 SN2 Reactions DEFINITION 7 Reactions that occur with 100% inversion (R to S, or S to R). Those with more crowded alpha carbons tend to react slower, for example an alpha carbon bonded to 3 R groups will react slower than an alpha carbon bonded to 1 R group. TERM 8 SN1 Reactions DEFINITION 8 Reactions that can occur with a mix or retention and inversion products. Products will be diastereomers. More stable organic halides react faster in these reactions. TERM 9 Z Configuration (Rank by Sequence) DEFINITION 9 Two groups of higher priority (ex. CH3) are on the same side of the c=c double bond. (Z: zusammen; together) TERM 10 E Configuration (Rank by Sequence) DEFINITION 10 Two groups of higher priority (ex. CH3) are on opposite sides of the c=c double bond. (E: entegen; opposite)