Understanding Circadian Rhythms and Sleep: Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Psychology of Human Development

Download Understanding Circadian Rhythms and Sleep: Terms and Definitions and more Quizzes Psychology of Human Development in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Dinural DEFINITION 1 Organisms active during the day TERM 2 Nocturnal DEFINITION 2 Organisms active during the night TERM 3 Activity Rhythm DEFINITION 3 Inverse of sleep recordingInfers activity when a person is most active when they are awake rather than when they are sleeping TERM 4 Entertainment DEFINITION 4 Idea that we adjust our internal sleep rhythms to an outside sourceEx: Sunlight during daylight savings time TERM 5 Free-Running DEFINITION 5 Event when an organism is put into an environment where there is no information (from sun, radio, television, etc) to outside worldSo, circadian rhythm adjusts internally, independent from any external cues TERM 6 The Circadian System DEFINITION 6 Specialized ganglioncells in the retina use melanopsin And project via retinohypothalamic tract And project to the supra chiasmatic nucleus (SCN)in the hypothalamus Which signals the pineal glandto secrete melatonin TERM 7 Supra Chiasmatic Nucleus (SCN) DEFINITION 7 Brain's neurological clockIf there is a lesion, person loses the ability to maintain circadian rhythm TERM 8 Sleep & Vision Impairment DEFINITION 8 Severing the optic tractdoes NOTeliminate input to the retinohypothalamic tract Therefore, blindness caused by irregularities with retina tract has no relation with sleep Circadian system is still functional TERM 9 Time Isolation Experiment DEFINITION 9 Assessing sleep/wake patterns in humans under "free running" conditions where all outside information is cut off The human body adjusts to an "internal" day period slightly longerthan 24 hours Example: Michael Siffre Spent 2 months underground Went into free-running Days became longer and he had "lost" 28 days TERM 10 Melatonin DEFINITION 10 From the pineal gland Peak during sleep (around 4am) High when we are asleep, low when we are awake TERM 21 Sleep Paralysis DEFINITION 21 Brief paralysis coming out of REM to wake TERM 22 Narcolepsy DEFINITION 22 Abnormal wake-to-REM transition TERM 23 Sleep Deprivation and Memory DEFINITION 23 Leads to impaired memory Reduced ability to carry out math calculations Impairs consolidation of memory TERM 24 Postnatal Behavioral Development Domains DEFINITION 24 Gross Motor Fine Motor Language Cognitive Social TERM 25 Postnatal Behavioral Development Domains: Gross Motor DEFINITION 25 Large groups of muscles to sit, stand, walk, run, keep balance, and change positions TERM 26 Postnatal Behavioral Development Domains: Fine Motor DEFINITION 26 Using hands to be able to eat, draw, dress, play, write, etc TERM 27 Postnatal Behavioral Development Domains: Language DEFINITION 27 Speaking Using body language and gestures Communicating Understanding what others say TERM 28 Postnatal Behavioral Development Domains: Cognitive DEFINITION 28 Thinking skills including learning understanding problem-solving reasoning remembering TERM 29 Postnatal Behavioral Development Domains: Social DEFINITION 29 Interacting with others Having relationships with family, friends, and teachers Cooperating Responding to the feelings of others TERM 30 Brain Development Timeframes: Neurogenesis (cell birth) DEFINITION 30 Prenatal 0-38 weeks TERM 31 Brain Development Timeframes: Neuromigration DEFINITION 31 Prenatal 4 weeks - postnatal month TERM 32 Brain Development Timeframes: Dendritic Growth DEFINITION 32 Prenatal week 12 - Postnatal 2 years TERM 33 Brain Development Timeframes: Apoptosis DEFINITION 33 Prenatal week 16 - Postnatal 2 to 4 months TERM 34 Brain Development Timeframes: Synaptogenesis DEFINITION 34 Prenatal week 24 - postnatal 2 years TERM 35 Brain Development Timeframes: Myelination DEFINITION 35 Birth - 20 years