Eating Disorders and Sleep Disorders: Definition, Effects, and Treatment, Quizzes of Abnormal Psychology

Download Eating Disorders and Sleep Disorders: Definition, Effects, and Treatment and more Quizzes Abnormal Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Eating Disorders DEFINITION 1 characterized by severe disruptions in eating behavior, which affect physical, psychological, and social functioning. TERM 2 Myths DEFINITION 2 ED's are a "choice" ED's are entirely due to sociocultural influences ED's are rare (true but...subclinical ED's are more common) TERM 3 Anorexia Nervosa DEFINITION 3 Restriction of energy intake, significantly low body weight AND intense fear of weight gain, disturbance in perception of body, undo importance in self esteem. Restricting Type- no binge eating or purging Binge-Eating/Purging Type- (80% will move into this type in the first 5 years) recurrent binge eating and/ or purging TERM 4 CDC and WHO DEFINITION 4 CDC and WHO: BMI for adults 18.5 = is minimum 17 = moderate to severe thinness <15 = extremely underweight CDC and WHO: BMI for children BMI for age below 5th percentile for age = underweight Includes failure to maintain growth trajectory TERM 5 Remission DEFINITION 5 Partial- full criteria met in the past, no longer low body weight but criterion B and C still presentFull- no active symptoms for a sustained period of time TERM 6 Effects DEFINITION 6 hair loss/ fine hair on limbs lowered resistance to illness fatigue/weakness hypersensitivity to heat/unable to stay warm less need for sleep hormone changes/ Amenorrhea severe dehydration/ Kidney Failure Crude Mortality Rate = 5% per decade Suicide = 12 per 100,000 per year TERM 7 Bulimia Nervosa DEFINITION 7 recurrent binge eating episodes recurrent inappropriate compensatory behavior to prevent weight gain once a week for 3 + months self-esteem based on body weight/shape behaviors not restricted to an episode typically within normal weight range TERM 8 Effects of Bulimia Nervosa DEFINITION 8 swollen cheeks, broken capillaries in the face throat & esophagus: sore, irritated, can tear Heart: irregular heart beat, weakened heart muscle, low pulse Brain: depression, anxiety, dizziness Body Fluids: dehydration. low potassium, magnesium, sodium Stomach: ulcers, pain, rupture Mouth: cavities, tooth enamel erosion, amenorrhea Dry skin, sores on knuckles Metabolic, electrolyte imbalances, anemia, fatigue Mortality Rate: 2% / 12 yrs (often suicide) TERM 9 Course of Anorexia/Bulimia DEFINITION 9 Chronic w/o treatment BN: 30% still had BN, AN or subclinical ED 10 years after presentation 10-15% move to AN, usually revert back to BN AN: 22% still met criteria for an AN or BN; recovery took 5-6 yrs TERM 10 Binge Eating DEFINITION 10 recurrent binge eating, 3+ following eating lrg amounts of food when not hungry eating until physically uncomfortable eating faster than normal eating alone bc of embarrassment binge eating at least once a week for 3+ mtgs Mild (1-3x week) Moderate (4-7x week) Extreme TERM 21 Central Sleep Apnea DEFINITION 21 brain forgets to send message to breathe polysomnogrophy reveals 5+ apneas per hour of sleep not explained by other sleep disorder Prev: Unknown, 30% chronic pain opiate users TERM 22 Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders DEFINITION 22 . Characterized by recurrent sleep disruption due to alterations in the circadian system TERM 23 Subtypes: DEFINITION 23 Delayed Sleep Phase: Late sleep onset and awakening. Unable to fall asleep or awaken at desired times Advanced Sleep Phase Type: Advanced sleep onset and awakening. Unable to stay asleep until the desired time Irregular Sleep Wake Type: Lack of a discernable sleep-wake circadian rhythm, sleep is fragmented, broken into 3+ periods a day Non- 24 hr Sleep-Wake Type: Abnormal synchronization between the 24-hour light-dark cycle and the internal circadian rhythm Shift Work Type: Insomnia during available sleep period/ fatigue during awake period due to night shift or frequent changes in work shifts TERM 24 Parasomnias (sleepwalking) DEFINITION 24 Abnormal behavior, experiential, or physiological events taking place during sleep, specific sleep stages, or sleep- wake transitions. non-rapid eye movement sleep arousal disorder, sleep terrors nightmare disorder rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder restless leg syndrome TERM 25 Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Arousal Disorders DEFINITION 25 recurrent episodes of partial awakening, usually 1st 3rd of the night, w/ sleep walking or sleep terrors no to little memory of dream amnesia for episodes episodes lead to distress/impairment Specify: Sleepwalking types sleep related eating sleep related sexual behavior Sleep terror types TERM 26 Sleepwalking Type DEFINITION 26 Repeated episodes in which the sleeper arises from bed and walks around while remaining fully asleep Blank stare, relative non-responsive to attempts to communicate with or wake them up, may talk and respond to questions Lasts several minutes to hour Specify: With sleep related eating w/ sleep related sexual behavior Prev: children > adults, comorbity in adults with mood disorders) More common in children than adults 1-5% of children; 1-7% of adults 10-30% report at least 1 episode in lifetime Comorbidity: in adults, it is associated with personality, mood, and anxiety disorders. In children, not associated with these. TERM 27 Sleep Terror Type DEFINITION 27 repeated abrupt awakenings in terror often accompanied by a scream autonomic arousal unresponsive t others attempts to comfort confused, disoriented, upset Prev: children > adults, true prev unknown TERM 28 Restless Leg Syndrome DEFINITION 28 urge to move legs in response to uncomfortable sensations begins/worsens in rest or inactivity partially or totally relieved by movement worse at evening or night 3+ nights a week for 3+ monthsPrev: 2 - 7.2% of the pop. women = 1.5-2 x higher rates increase with age TERM 29 Schizophrenia Spectrum & Other Psychotic Disorders DEFINITION 29 Three Types of Symptoms: Positive- excess or distortion of normal functioning Negative- diminution or loss of normal functioning Disorganized- disorganized speech, behavior, or affect Prev:0.3-0.7%equal, severe for men, women have later onset and better prognosis TERM 30 Positive Symptoms DEFINITION 30 2 Types: hallucinations delusions TERM 31 Hallucinations DEFINITION 31 A hallucination is a perception in the absence of external stimulus that has qualities of real perception. visual- see things that aren't there olfactory- smell things that aren't there gustatory- taste things that aren't there tactile- feel things that are not there auditory- hear things that aren't there (brocas area (speech producer) is active while weirnecke's area is not (interpreting language)) TERM 32 Delusions DEFINITION 32 A delusion is a belief held with strong conviction despite superior evidence to the contrary. delusions of persecutions- beliefs that others are out to get them delusions of grandeur- belief their a very important person delusions of reference- belief that certain gestures,passages, speeches etc were just for them. bizarre delusions- clearly implausible, defy laws ofphysical properties TERM 33 Disorganized Symptoms DEFINITION 33 disorganized erratic, inappropriate speech, behavior or affect disorganized thinking disorganized speech tangentiality- answers unrelated to questions. loose association- topic switching word salad- incoherent speech TERM 34 Grossly disorganized or abnormal motor behavior DEFINITION 34 catatonia- decrease in reactivity to environment catatonic mutism- lack of verbal responses catatonic stupor- lack of motor responses catatonic rigidity- maintaining posture w/ resistance to move catatonic posturing- holding inappropriate postures, waxy flexibility catatonic excitement- purposeless excessive motor activity without obvious cause TERM 35 Negative symptoms DEFINITION 35 defecits/absence of normal behavior diminished emotional expression avolition- decrease in ability to initiate and persist in activity alogia- relative absence of speech anhedonia- decreased interest and pleasure in activities asociality- lack of interest in social interaction lack of goal driven behavior TERM 46 Gender Dysphoria DEFINITION 46 significant dysphoria (discontent) with the sex they were assigned at birth and/or the gender roles associated with that sex for 6+ months TERM 47 Gender Dysphoria in Children DEFINITION 47 whats to be other gender cross-dressing cross-gender role play rejection of stereotypical toys dislike of own anatomy desire for primary/secondary sex characteristics of other gender TERM 48 Gender Dysphoria in Adolescents & Adults DEFINITION 48 strong desire to be other gender strong desire to be treated as other gender belief that one has the characteristic of other gender TERM 49 Treatment DEFINITION 49 biological sex reassignment, 75% improve psycholigcal teach to act and be comfortable in assigned sex change arousal patterns TERM 50 Sexual Dysfunction DEFINITION 50 difficulty during any stage of pleasure, desire, preference, arousal or orgasm that cannot be explained by a medical problem TERM 51 Erectile Disorder DEFINITION 51 increases with age, > 40 flaccid, trouble orgasming TERM 52 Premature Ejaculation DEFINITION 52 man experiences orgasm and ejaculates semen within 1 minute of sexual activity 6 + months across all sexual activity TERM 53 Delayed Ejaculation DEFINITION 53 man's inability for or persistent difficulty in achieving orgasm, despite typical sexual desire and sexual stimulation. TERM 54 Male Hyperactive Sexual Desire Disorder DEFINITION 54 deficient sexual thoughts or fantasies no interest or desire in sexual activity 6 + mths TERM 55 Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder DEFINITION 55 deficient sexual thoughts or fantasies no interest or desire in sexual activity no intitiation or response to initiation absent or reduced genital sensation 6 + mths TERM 56 5 Critical Factors DEFINITION 56 1. partner factors 2. relationship factors 3. individual vulnerability factors 4. cultural/religious factors 5. medical factors TERM 57 Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder DEFINITION 57 pain during vaginal intercourse pelvic pain in attempt to penetrate fear of penetration tensing or tightening TERM 58 Female Orgasmic Disorder DEFINITION 58 delay, infrequency, absence of orgasm reduced intensity or orgasmic sensations specific if never experienced orgasm in any situation 42% struggle with orgasm, 10% will never experience one TERM 59 Paraphallic Disorders DEFINITION 59 intense sexual fantasies, urges, behaviors TERM 60 Pedophilia DEFINITION 60 adult or older adolescent (16 or >) experiences a primary or exclusive sexual attraction to prepubescent children, generally age 13 years or younger. ( at least 5 year separation in pedophile and child) heterosexual men women underrepresented due to unreported childcare abuse