Female Reproductive System - Human Anatomy and Physiology - Quiz, Exercises of Human Physiology

Download Female Reproductive System - Human Anatomy and Physiology - Quiz and more Exercises Human Physiology in PDF only on Docsity! The Female Reproductive System 1. Review female reproductive anatomy and histology 2. Describe female external genitalia (also called pudendum or vulva) and relate them to the corresponding male structures. Development of the external genitals is interesting, especially when followed by a look at homologous structures of the female and male reproductive systems which you must know for lab and lecture). 3. Take another look at and compare the female perineum and the male perineum (there is not a clearly corresponding diagram of the male, s1 and your imagination as a second best alternative). While you’re looking at this—what is an episiotomy and why is it performed during delivery? 4. Review the structures of the ovary. Describe follicular development. Look at histology of ovary 5. Define oogenesis and compare oogonium, primary oocyte, secondary oocyte (and ovum if fertilization occurred). Include diploid and haploid number where appropriate. Where are these found? 6. Describe the journey an “ovum” (actually, it’s a secondary oocyte) takes as it leaves the ovary and finally passes out of the body. (This looks short and sweet, but it isn’t). 7. What happens if fertilization occurs—where does it occur and describe what happens? Where does implantation usually occur? We’ll do the hormones and physiology in lecture. 8. What is an ectopic pregnancy? Where does it occur? Describe the connection with smoking (and loss of cilia trachea—now that’s a stretch to connect! Or is it?) 9. Review the uterine structures and layers and their functionsThis will be important for the physiology that’s about to happen. 10. What is meant by anteflexion (normal) and retroflexion (abnormal-sort of) when talking about the uterus? 11. Describe hysterectomy (strictly speaking by definition, are the ovaries removed? What would be the difference—physiologically speaking? 12. The mucosal cells of the vagina contribute to the acid environment of the vagina. What are the pros and cons here? 3 Docsity.com 13. Review the anatomy of the female breasts. Go back to chapter 18 and review the hormone, oxytocin (produced in the __________ and stored and released from the ______________), and describe the milk let-down reflex. 14. Describe other functions associated with oxytocin (i.e.: uterine contractions of labor and delivery; faster recovery by the uterus if breast feeding—what’s the connection?). 15. Describe disorders associated with breast tissue: A. Fibrocystic disease B. Breast cancer— 16. Describe other female reproductive system disorders as listed below: A. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)—what is it? Signs and symptoms? We’ll make a connection when we do the physiology of the menstrual/ovarian cycle in lecture. B. Endometriosis—what is it, where is it, and what makes it worse? C. Cervical cancer and PAP smear D. Vulvovaginal candidiasis (yeast infection)—what’s the connection with antibiotics? 17. Describe in DETAIL the menstrual/ovarian cycles. You should consider them separately as well as together. Explain hormonal control and effects. Include associated events resulting in an unfertilized secondary oöcyte as well as a fertilized “ovum” and pregnancy. Continue your study of pregnancy with hormones of pregnancy and delivery, then hormones of lactation (milk production and letdown). See supplemental handout: Hormones of Pregnancy This is the heart of the lecture for female physiology. Do the following in preparation for lecture (this means before you come to lecture!!!!!). A. You must know female reproductive system: gross anatomy, ovarian histology and what’s happening (Fig. 28.13) and you must know the histology of the uterus before you can go any further. B. Briefly describe the ovarian and menstrual (uterine) cycles—notice that there are two cycles happening simultaneously and they work in conjunction with each other. C. What is meant by “ovarian hormones” as opposed to hormones of the hypothalamus and hormones of the anterior pituitary? 4 Docsity.com